Bezaleel: Perbedaan antara revisi

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=== Kitab 1 Tawarikh ===
=== Kitab 1 Tawarikh ===
Dalam [[1 Tawarikh 2|kitab 1 Tawarikh pasal 2]] tercantum silsilah leluhur Bezaleel
Dalam [[1 Tawarikh 2|kitab 1 Tawarikh pasal 2]] tercantum silsilah leluhur Bezaleel sebagai berikut:
sebagai berikut:
: ''Hur memperanakkan Uri dan Uri memperanakkan Bezaleel.''<ref>
: ''Hur memperanakkan Uri dan Uri memperanakkan Bezaleel.''<ref>
{{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 2:19-20}} (TB)</ref>
{{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 2:20}} (TB)</ref>

Sebelumnya tertulis bahwa ayah Hur adalah Kaleb bin [[Hezron]] bin [[Peres]] bin [[Yehuda]].<ref>{{Alkitab|1 Tawarikh 2:4,5,9,18-19}}</ref>
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== Dalam Sastra Rabinik ==
== Dalam Sastra Rabinik ==
The rabbinical tradition relates that when God determined to appoint Bezalel architect of the desert Tabernacle, He asked [[Moses]] whether the choice were agreeable to him, and received the reply: "Lord, if he is acceptable to Thee, surely he must be so to me!" At God's command, however, the choice was referred to the people for approval and was endorsed by them. Moses thereupon commanded Bezalel to set about making the Tabernacle, the holy [[Ark of the Covenant|Ark]], and the sacred utensils. It is to be noted, however, that Moses mentioned these in somewhat inverted order, putting the Tabernacle last (compare Exodus 25:10, 26:1 et seq., with Exodus 31:1-10). Bezalel sagely suggested to him that men usually build the house first and afterward provide the furnishings; but that, inasmuch as Moses had ordered the Tabernacle to be built last, there was probably some mistake and God's command must have run differently. Compare also Philo, "Leg. Alleg."
Tradisi rabinik mengisahkan ketika Allah menentukan Bezaleel sebagai arsitek Kemah Suci di padang gurun, Ia menanyai [[Musa]] apakah menyetujui pilihan ini, dan mendapatkan jawaban: "Tuhan, jika dia baik untuk-Mu, tentunya ia baik bagiku!" Namun, atas perintah Allah, pilihan itu diberikan kepada umat untuk disetujui dan mendapatkan persetujuan. Maka Musa memerintahkan Bezaleel mulai membuat Kemah Suci, [[Tabut Perjanjian|Tabut kudus]], dan perkakas kudus lainnya. Patut dicatat bahwa Musa menyebutkan semuanya itu dalam urutan terbalik, putting the Tabernacle last (bandingkan {{Alkitab|Keluaran 25:10, 26:1}} dst., dengan with {{Alkitab|Keluaran 31:1-10}}). Bezaleel sagely suggested to him that men usually build the house first and afterward provide the furnishings; but that, inasmuch as Moses had ordered the Tabernacle to be built last, there was probably some mistake and God's command must have run differently. Compare also Philo, "Leg. Alleg."


Bezalel possessed such great wisdom that he could combine those letters of the alphabet with which heaven and earth were created; this being the meaning of the statement (Exodus 31:3): "I have filled him . . . with wisdom and knowledge," which were the implements by means of which God created the world, as stated in [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] 3:19, 20 (Berakhot 55a). By virtue of his profound wisdom, Bezalel succeeded in erecting a sanctuary which seemed a fit abiding-place for God, who is so exalted in time and space ([[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] R. 34:1; Numbers R. 12:3; Midrash Teh. 91). The candlestick of the sanctuary was of so complicated a nature that Moses could not comprehend it, although God twice showed him a heavenly model; but when he described it to Bezalel, the latter understood immediately, and made it at once; whereupon Moses expressed his admiration for the quick wisdom of Bezalel, saying again that he must have been "in the shadow of God" (Hebrew, "beẓel El") when the heavenly models were shown him (Numbers R. 15:10; compare Exodus R. 1. 2; Berakhot l.c.). Bezalel is said to have been only thirteen years of age when he accomplished his great work (Sanhedrin 69b); he owed his wisdom to the merits of pious parents; his grandfather being Hur and his grandmother Miriam, he was thus a grandnephew of Moses (Exodus R. 48:3, 4).
Bezalel possessed such great wisdom that he could combine those letters of the alphabet with which heaven and earth were created; this being the meaning of the statement (Exodus 31:3): "I have filled him . . . with wisdom and knowledge," which were the implements by means of which God created the world, as stated in [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] 3:19, 20 (Berakhot 55a). By virtue of his profound wisdom, Bezalel succeeded in erecting a sanctuary which seemed a fit abiding-place for God, who is so exalted in time and space ([[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] R. 34:1; Numbers R. 12:3; Midrash Teh. 91). The candlestick of the sanctuary was of so complicated a nature that Moses could not comprehend it, although God twice showed him a heavenly model; but when he described it to Bezalel, the latter understood immediately, and made it at once; whereupon Moses expressed his admiration for the quick wisdom of Bezalel, saying again that he must have been "in the shadow of God" (Hebrew, "beẓel El") when the heavenly models were shown him (Numbers R. 15:10; compare Exodus R. 1. 2; Berakhot l.c.). Bezalel is said to have been only thirteen years of age when he accomplished his great work (Sanhedrin 69b); he owed his wisdom to the merits of pious parents; his grandfather being Hur and his grandmother Miriam, he was thus a grandnephew of Moses (Exodus R. 48:3, 4).

==Modern-day==
The tradition of craftsmanship was revived by [[Boris Schatz]] who founded the [[Bezalel Academy]] in [[Jerusalem]].
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== Zaman modern ==
Tradisi pertukangan dihidupkan kembali oleh [[:en:Boris Schatz|Boris Schatz]] yang mendirikan [[:en:Bezalel Academy|Bezalel Academy]] di [[Yerusalem]].


== Lihat pula ==
== Lihat pula ==

Revisi per 1 November 2018 20.25

Portret Bezaleel lukisan James Tissot.

Bezaleel bin Uri bin Hur (Ibrani: בְּצַלְאֵל, juga ditulis sebagai Betzalel atau Bəṣalʼēl; Inggris: Bezalel) adalah seorang laki-laki Israel yang ditunjuk oleh Allah untuk bekerja sebagai arsitek utama pembangunan Kemah Suci dan peralatannya,[1] sebagaimana dicatat dalam Alkitab Ibrani dan Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen, terutama dalam Kitab Keluaran. Tuhan juga telah menetapkan pembantu utamanya, yaitu Aholiab bin Ahisamakh.

Nama

Nama "Bezalel" berarti "dalam bayangan [perlindungan] El (= Allah)".

Catatan Alkitab

Kitab Keluaran

Dalam kitab Keluaran pasal 31 ditetapkan pembuat utama dan pembantu utama pembuatan Kemah Suci tersebut:

Berfirmanlah TUHAN kepada Musa: "Lihat, telah Kutunjuk Bezaleel bin Uri bin Hur, dari suku Yehuda, dan telah Kupenuhi dia dengan Roh Allah, dengan keahlian dan pengertian dan pengetahuan, dalam segala macam pekerjaan, untuk membuat berbagai rancangan supaya dikerjakan dari emas, perak dan tembaga; untuk mengasah batu permata supaya ditatah; untuk mengukir kayu dan untuk bekerja dalam segala macam pekerjaan. Juga Aku telah menetapkan di sampingnya Aholiab bin Ahisamakh, dari suku Dan; dalam hati setiap orang ahli telah Kuberikan keahlian. Haruslah mereka membuat segala apa yang telah Kuperintahkan kepadamu: Kemah Pertemuan, tabut untuk hukum, tutup pendamaian yang terletak di atasnya, dan segala perabotan kemah itu, yakni meja dengan perkakasnya, kandil dari emas murni dengan segala perkakasnya, mezbah pembakaran ukupan, mezbah korban bakaran dengan segala perkakasnya, bejana pembasuhan dengan alasnya, pakaian jabatan, baik pakaian kudus kepunyaan imam Harun, maupun pakaian anak-anaknya, untuk memegang jabatan imam, minyak urapan dan ukupan dari wangi-wangian untuk tempat kudus; tepat seperti yang telah Kuperintahkan kepadamu haruslah mereka membuat semuanya."[2]

Dalam Keluaran 35:34 dikatakan bahwa: "TUHAN menanam dalam hatinya [Bezaleel] dan dalam hati Aholiab bin Ahisamakh dari suku Dan, kepandaian untuk mengajar" para pekerja yang membuat Kemah Suci,[3] juga Bezaleel dan rekan-rekan sekerjanya "telah dikaruniai TUHAN keahlian dan pengertian, sehingga ia tahu melakukan segala macam pekerjaan untuk mendirikan tempat kudus, tepat menurut yang diperintahkan TUHAN."[4]

Setelah mendapatkan petunjuk dari Tuhan mengenai pembangunan Kemah Suci, maka "Musa memanggil Bezaleel dan Aholiab dan setiap orang yang ahli, yang dalam hatinya telah ditanam TUHAN keahlian, setiap orang yang tergerak hatinya untuk datang melakukan pekerjaan itu."[5]

Kitab 1 Tawarikh

Dalam kitab 1 Tawarikh pasal 2 tercantum silsilah leluhur Bezaleel sebagai berikut:

Hur memperanakkan Uri dan Uri memperanakkan Bezaleel.[6]

Sebelumnya tertulis bahwa ayah Hur adalah Kaleb bin Hezron bin Peres bin Yehuda.[7]

Zaman modern

Tradisi pertukangan dihidupkan kembali oleh Boris Schatz yang mendirikan Bezalel Academy di Yerusalem.

Lihat pula

Referensi

Pustaka

  • Sed-Rajna, G., “From Bezalel to Bezalel,” in Bianca Kuhnel (ed), The Real and Ideal Jerusalem in Jewish, Christian and Islamic Art/Jewish Art: Studies in Honor of Bezalel Narkiss on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday, (Jerusalem: Centre for Jewish art, 1998).

Artikel ini memadukan teks dari Jewish Encyclopedia 1901–1906 , sebuah terbitan yang kini berada di ranah publik.