Daftar penerima Nobel menurut negara: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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Baris 114: | Baris 114: | ||
*[[Merton Howard Miller]] |
*[[Merton Howard Miller]] |
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*[[Robert Millikan]] |
*[[Robert Millikan]] |
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*[[Franco Modigliani]] ''Italia'' |
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*[[Mario J. Molina]] ''Meksiko'' |
*[[Mario J. Molina]] ''Meksiko'' |
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*[[Benjamin Roy Mottelson]] |
*[[Benjamin Roy Mottelson]] |
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Baris 566: | Baris 567: | ||
*[[Vitaly Ginzburg]] |
*[[Vitaly Ginzburg]] |
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*[[Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev]] |
*[[Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev]] |
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*[[Leonid V. Kantorovich]] |
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*[[Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa]] |
*[[Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa]] |
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*[[Lev Davidovich Landau]] |
*[[Lev Davidovich Landau]] |
Revisi per 22 April 2007 07.04
Berikut adalah penerima/pemenang Hadiah Nobel yang didaftarkan menurut negara. Dalam setiap subjudul; negara, nama pemenang diurutkan berdasarkan marga.
Catatan: "negara" merujuk kepada negara tempat tinggal saat menerima hadiah, bukannya negara kelahiran; selain jika sebaliknya dikenal dengan tempat kelahiran (contoh ilmuwan Jerman, fisikawan Swiss). Dalam hal di mana penerima dinaturalisasikan dan menerima hadiah di negara naturalisasi, tempat kelahiran diwakili dengan tulisan miring.
Afrika Selatan
Amerika Serikat
- George Arthur Akerlof
- Luis W. Alvarez
- Carl D. Anderson
- P.W. Anderson
- Julius Axelrod
- David Baltimore
- John Bardeen
- George W. Beadle
- Saul Bellow Kanada
- Baruj Benacerraf Venezuela
- Paul Berg
- Hans Albrecht Bethe
- Felix Bloch Swiss
- Konrad Emil Bloch Jerman
- Nicolaas Bloembergen Belanda
- Baruch Samuel Blumberg
- Norman Borlaug, Perdamaian, 1970
- Walter Houser Brattain
- Joseph Brodsky Uni Soviet
- Herbert Brown Inggris
- Michael Stuart Brown
- Linda B. Buck
- Melvin Calvin, Kimia, 1961
- James Earl Carter
- Owen Chamberlain
- Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar India
- Chen Ning Franklin Yang Tiongkok
- Steven Chu Tiongkok
- Leon N. Cooper
- Eric A. Cornell
- Gerty Cori Austria-Hongaria
- James Watson Cronin
- Raymond Davis Jr.
- Clinton Davisson
- Charles Gates Dawes
- Hans G. Dehmelt
- Gertrude Elion
- T.S. Eliot
- John Enders
- Joseph Erlanger
- Richard P. Feynman
- Andrew Z. Fire
- Val L. Fitch
- Paul John Flory
- Robert William Fogel
- William A. Fowler
- Jerome I. Friedman
- Robert Francis Furchgott
- Herbert Gasser
- Murray Gell-Mann
- Riccardo Giacconi Italia
- Ivar Giæver Norwegia
- Walter Gilbert
- Alfred Gilman
- Donald A. Glaser
- Sheldon Glashow
- Roy Jay Glauber
- Joseph Leonard Goldstein
- Maria Goppert-Mayer Silesia
- Paul Greengard
- David J. Gross
- Robert Grubbs
- John L. Hall
- Herbert Hauptman
- Ernest Miller Hemingway
- Roald Hoffmann Polandia
- Robert Hofstadter
- Robert William Holley
- Robert Horvitz
- Russell A. Hulse
- Daniel Kahneman Mandat Britania atas Palestina
- Jerome Karle
- Henry W. Kendall
- Har Gobind Khorana India
- Jack Kilby
- Arthur Kornberg
- Roger D. Kornberg
- Martin Luther King, Jr.
- Henry A. Kissinger Jerman
- Lawrence Robert Klein
- Hans Adolf Krebs
- Herbert Kroemer Jerman
- Simon Smith Kuznets Kekaisaran Rusia
- Irving Langmuir
- Robert B. Laughlin
- Paul Lauterbur
- E.O. Lawrence
- Joshua Lederberg
- Leon M. Lederman
- David M. Lee
- Anthony J. Leggett
- Wassily Leontief Kekaisaran Rusia
- Willard Libby
- Fritz A. Lipmann Jerman
- Salvador Edward Luria Italia
- George Marshall
- Rudolph Marcus Kanada
- John C. Mather
- Barbara McClintock, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1983
- Edward McMillan
- Craig C. Mello, Kimia, 2006
- Albert A. Michelson Prusia
- Merton Howard Miller
- Robert Millikan
- Franco Modigliani Italia
- Mario J. Molina Meksiko
- Benjamin Roy Mottelson
- Hermann Joseph Muller
- Ferid Murad
- Joseph Murray
- Marshall Warren Nirenberg
- Eugene O'Neill
- Douglas D. Osheroff
- Linus C. Pauling
- Arno Allan Penzias
- Martin L. Perl
- William D. Phillips
- H. David Politzer
- Stanley Prusiner
- Norman F. Ramsey
- Frederick Reines
- Theodore W. Richards
- Robert C. Richardson
- Burton Richter
- Martin Rodbell
- Theodore Roosevelt
- Irwin Rose
- Paul Anthony Samuelson
- Andrew Schally Polandia
- Richard Schrock
- Melvin Schwartz
- Julian Seymour Schwinger
- Glenn Seaborg
- Emilio G. Segre Italia
- Clifford G. Shull
- Isaac Bashevis Singer Polandia
- Richard E. Smalley
- Hamilton Othanel Smith
- George F. Smoot
- Robert Merton Solow
- William H. Stein
- Jack Steinberger Jerman
- Joseph Stiglitz
- Horst L. Störmer Jerman
- Edward L. Tatum
- Joseph H. Taylor Jr.
- Richard E. Taylor
- Howard Temin
- James Tobin
- Charles Hard Townes
- Daniel C. Tsui Tiongkok
- Tsung-Dao Lee Tiongkok
- Harold Urey
- Harold Varmus
- John Hasbrouck Van Vleck
- Selman Waksman Kekaisaran Rusia
- George Wald
- James D. Watson
- Steven Weinberg
- Carl E. Wieman
- Eugene Wigner Hongaria
- Frank Wilczek
- Kenneth G. Wilson
- Woodrow Wilson
- Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
Argentina
- Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Perdamaian, 1980
- Bernardo Houssay, Fisiologi, 1947
- Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Perdamaian, 1936
- Luis Federico Leloir, Kimia, 1970
- César Milstein, Kedokteran, 1984
Australia
Austria
- Robert Barany, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1914
- Alfred Hermann Fried, Perdamaian, 1911
- Elfriede Jelinek, Sastra, 2004
- Karl Landsteiner, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1930
- Max Perutz, Kimia, 1962
- Bertha von Suttner, Perdamaian, 1905
- Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1927
Bangladesh
- Muhammad Yunus dan Grameen Bank, Perdamaian 2006
Belanda
- Tobias Asser, Perdamaian, 1911
- Nicolaas Bloembergen, Fisika, 1981
- Paul Crutzen, Kimia, 1995
- Peter Debye, Kimia, 1936
- Christiaan Eijkman, Kedokteran, 1929
- Willem Einthoven, Kedokteran, 1924
- Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Kimia, 1901
- Gerardus 't Hooft, Fisika, 1999
- Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Fisika, 1913
- Tjalling Koopmans, Ekonomi, 1975
- Hendrik Antoon Lorentz, Fisika, 1902
- Simon van der Meer, Fisika, 1984
- Jan Tinbergen, Ekonomi, 1969
- Nico Tinbergen, Kedokteran, 1973
- Martinus J.G. Veltman, Fisika, 1999
- Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Fisika, 1910
- Pieter Zeeman, Fisika, 1902
- Frits Zernike, Fisika, 1953
Belgia
- Jules Bordet, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1919
- Maurice Maeterlinck, Sastra, 1911
- Christian de Duve, Fisiologi dan Kedokteran, 1974
- Albert Claude, Fisiologi dan Kedokteran, 1974
- Ilya Prigogine, Kimia, 1977
- Corneille Heymans, Fisiologi dan Kedokteran, 1938
Britania Raya
- Francis Aston, Kimia, 1922
- Charles Glover Barkla, Fisika, 1917
- William Henry Bragg, Fisika, 1915
- William L. Bragg, Australia, Fisika, 1915
- Sydney Brenner, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 2002
- Elias Canetti, Sastra, 1981
- Ernst Chain, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1945
- James Chadwick, Fisika, 1935
- Winston Churchill, Sastra, 1953
- Randal Cremer, Perdamaian, 1903
- Francis Crick, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1962
- Henry Dale, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1936
- Paul Dirac, Fisika, 1933
- T. S. Eliot, Sastra, 1948
- Alexander Fleming, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1945
- Dennis Gabor, Hongaria, Fisika, 1971
- John Galsworthy, Sastra, 1932
- William Golding, Sastra, 1983
- Walter Haworth, Kimia, 1937
- Archibald Hill, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1922
- Dorothy Mary Hodgkin, Kimia, 1964
- Brian David Josephson, Fisika, 1973
- Sir Bernard Katz, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1970
- Rudyard Kipling, Sastra, 1907
- Aaron Klug, Lituania, Kimia, 1982
- John Macleod, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1923
- Peter Mansfield, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 2003
- Sir Nevill Mott, Fisika, 1977
- Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, Sastra, 2001
- Harold Pinter, Sastra, 2005
- Sir William Ramsay, 1904
- Ronald Ross, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1902
- Sir Joseph Rotblat Polandia, Perdamaian, 1995
- Bertrand Russell, Sastra, 1950
- Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, Kimia, 1908
- John Sulston, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 2002
- J.J. Thomson, Fisika, 1907
- Betty Williams, Perdamaian, 1976
Chili
- Gabriela Mistral, Sastra, 1945
- Pablo Neruda, Sastra, 1971
Denmark
- Fredrik Bajer
- Aage Bohr
- Niels Bohr
- Johannes Fibiger
- Niels Ryberg Finsen
- Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Sastra, 1917
- Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, Sastra, 1944
- August S. Krogh
- Henrik Pontoppidan, Sastra, 1917
- Jens Skou
Ghana
Guatemala
- Miguel Ángel Asturias, 1967, Sastra
- Rigoberta Menchú, 1992, Perdamaian
Hongaria
- Hevesy György, 1943, Kimia
- Kertész Imre, 2002, Sastra
Islandia
- Halldór Laxness, Sastra, 1955
India
- Rabindranath Tagore, Sastra, 1913
- C.V. Raman, Fisika, 1930
- Amartya Sen, Ekonomi, 1998
- Bunda Teresa, Perdamaian, 1979
- Hargobind Khorana, Kedokteran, 1968 Dinaturalisasikan sebagai warga negara AS
Internasional
- Amnesty International, Perdamaian, 1977
- Badan Energi Atom Internasional, Perdamaian, 2005
- International Campaign to Ban Landmines, Perdamaian, 1997
- Institute of International Law, Perdamaian, 1904
- International Labour Organization, Perdamaian, 1969
- International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Perdamaian, 1985
- Komite Palang Merah Internasional, Perdamaian, 1917 dan 1963
- League of Red Cross Societies, Perdamaian, 1963
- Médecins Sans Frontières, Perdamaian, 1999
- Nansen International Office for Refugees, Perdamaian, 1938
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Perdamaian, 1954 dan 1981
- Permanent International Peace Bureau, (kini International Bureau of Peace), Perdamaian, 1910
- Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa, Perdamaian, 2001
- United Nations Children's Fund, Perdamaian, 1965
- United Nations Peacekeeping Forces, Perdamaian, 1988
Iran
- Shirin Ebadi. Perdamaian, 2003
Irlandia
- Samuel Beckett, Sastra, 1969
- Seamus Heaney, Sastra, 1995
- Seán MacBride, Perdamaian, 1974
- George Bernard Shaw, Sastra, 1925
- Ernest Walton, Fisika, 1951
- William Butler Yeats, Sastra, 1923
Israel
Italia
- Giosuè Carducci, Sastra, 1906
- Grazia Deledda, Sastra, 1926
- Camillo Golgi, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1906
- Dario Fo, Sastra, 1997
- Rita Levi-Montalcini, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1986
- Ernesto Teodoro Moneta
- Eugenio Montale, Sastra, 1975
- Luigi Pirandello, Sastra, 1934
- Salvatore Quasimodo, Sastra, 1959
- Carlo Rubbia
- Guglielmo Marconi
Jepang
- Masatoshi Koshiba, Fisika, 2002
- Yasunari Kawabata, Sastra, 1968
- Noyori Ryoji, Kimia, 2001
- Shirakawa Hideki, Kimia, 2000
Jerman
- J. Georg Bednorz
- Gerd Binnig
- Heinrich Böll, Sastra, 1972
- Max Born, Fisika, 1954
- Willy Brandt
- Karl Ferdinand Braun, Fisika, 1909
- Paul Ehrlich
- Albert Einstein, Fisika, 1921
- Rudolf Christoph Eucken, Sastra, 1908
- James Franck, Fisika, 1925
- Günter Grass, Sastra, 1999
- Fritz Haber
- Otto Hahn
- Theodor Wolfgang Haensch, Fisika, 2005
- Gerhart Hauptmann, Sastra, 1912
- Werner Karl Heisenberg, Fisika, 1932
- Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Fisika, 1925
- Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse, Sastra, 1910
- Wolfgang Ketterle
- Klaus von Klitzing
- Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch
- Ludwig Karl Martin Leonhard Albrecht Kossel
- Max von Laue, Fisika, 1914
- Thomas Mann, Sastra, 1929
- Otto Meyerhof
- Theodor Mommsen, Sastra, 1902
- Karl Alexander Müller
- Wolfgang Pauli
- Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, Fisika, 1918
- Wilhelm Wien, Fisika, 1911
- Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Fisika, 1903
- Ernst Ruska
- Erwin Schrödinger, Fisika, 1933
- Nelly Sachs, Sastra, 1966
- Johannes Stark, Fisika, 1919
- Otto Wallach
- Otto Heinrich Warburg
- Wilhelm Wien, Fisika, 1911
- Richard Willstaetter
- Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer
Kanada
- Sidney Altman, Kimia, 1989
- Frederick G. Banting, Kedokteran, 1923
- Bertram N. Brockhouse, Fisika, 1994
- Gerhard Herzberg Jerman
- Henry Taube, Kimia, 1983
- Richard E. Taylor, Fisika, 1990
- Lester B. Pearson, Perdamaian, 1957
- Myron S. Scholes, Ekonomi, 1997
Kenya
- Wangari Maathai, Perdamaian, 2004
Kolombia
- Gabriel García Márquez, Sastra, 1982
Korea Selatan
Kosta Rika
Kroasia
- Ivo Andric, Sastra, 1961
- Lavoslav Ruzicka, Kimia, 1939
- Vladimir Prelog, Kimia, 1975
Meksiko
- Octavio Paz, Sastra, 1990
- Mario J. Molina, Kimia, 1995
Mesir
- Mohamed ElBaradei, Perdamaian, 2005
- Anwar Sadat, Perdamaian, 1978
- Naguib Mahfouz, Sastra, 1988
- Ahmed H. Zewail, Kimia, 1999
Myanmar
Norwegia
- Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Sastra, 1903
- Knut Hamsun, Sastra, 1920
- Fridtjof Nansen, Perdamaian, 1922
- Sigrid Undset, Sastra, 1928
Pakistan
Palestina
Polandia
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Fisika, 1903 dan Kimia, 1911
- Czesław Miłosz, Sastra, 1980
- Władysław Reymont, Sastra, 1924
- Henryk Sienkiewicz, Sastra, 1905
- Wisława Szymborska, Sastra, 1996
- Lech Wałęsa, Perdamaian, 1983
Portugal
- José Saramago, Sastra, 1998
Prancis
- Antoine Henri Becquerel, Fisika, 1903
- Henri Bergson, Sastra, 1927
- Louis Victor de Broglie, Fisika, 1929
- Albert Camus, Sastra, 1957
- Alexis Carrel, Fisika, 1912
- Rene Cassin, Sastra, 1968
- Georges Charpak, Fisika, 1992 Ukraina
- Yves Chauvin, Kimia, 2005
- Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Fisika, 1997
- Frédéric Joliot, Kimia, 1935
- Irene Joliot-Curie, Kimia, 1935
- Anatole France, Sastra, 1921
- Roger Martin du Gard, Sastra, 1937
- Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, Fisika, 1991
- André Gide, Sastra, 1947
- Francois Jacob, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1965
- Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1907
- Andre Michael Lwoff, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1965
- François Mauriac, Sastra, 1952
- Frédéric Mistral, Sastra, 1904
- Henri Moissan, Kimia, 1906
- Frédéric Passy, Perdamaian, 1901
- Sully Prudhomme, Sastra, 1901
- Louis Renault, Perdamaian, 1907
- Charles Richet, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1913
- Romain Rolland, Sastra, 1915
- Perse Saint-John, Sastra, 1960
- Jean-Paul Sartre, Sastra, 1964 (menolak hadiah)
- Albert Schweitzer, Jerman, Perdamaian, 1952
- Claude Simon, Sastra, 1985
- Gao Xingjian (lahir di Tiongkok), Sastra, 2000
Rumania
- George Emil Palade, Kedokteran, 1974
Spanyol
- Vicente Aleixandre, Sastra, 1977
- Jacinto Benavente, Sastra, 1922
- Camilo José Cela, Sastra, 1989
- José Echegaray y Eizaguirre, Sastra, 1904
- Juan Ramón Jiménez, Sastra, 1956
- Santiago Ramon y Cajal, Fisiologi atau Kedokteran, 1906
Swedia
- Hannes Alfven
- Klas Pontus Arnoldson
- Svante Arrhenius
- Allvar Gullstrand
- Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjoeld
- Eyvind Johnson, Sastra, 1974
- Erik Axel Karlfeldt, Sastra, 1931
- Pär Lagerkvist, Sastra, 1951
- Selma Lagerlöf, Sastra, 1909
- Harry Martinson, Sastra, 1974
- Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam, Sastra, 1916
Swiss
- Werner Arber, Kedokteran, 1979
- Felix Bloch, Fisika, 1952
- Daniel Bovet, Kedokteran, 1957
- Élie Ducommun (untuk Kantor untuk Perdamaian Internasional), Perdamaian, 1902
- Henry Dunant, Perdamaian, 1901
- Albert Einstein (Jerman/Swiss/AS), Fisika, 1921
- Richard Ernst, Kimia, 1991
- Edmond H. Fischer, Kedokteran, 1992
- Charles Albert Gobat (untuk Kantor untuk Perdamaian Internasional), Perdamaian, 1902
- Charles Edouard Guillaume, Fisika, 1920
- Walter Rudolf Hess, Kedokteran, 1949
- Herman Hesse (Jerman/Swiss), Sastra, 1946
- Paul Karrer, Kimia, 1937
- Theodor Kocher, Kedokteran, 1909
- Karl Alexander Müller, Fisika, 1987
- Paul H. Müller, Kedokteran, 1948
- Wolfgang Pauli (Austria/Swiss/AS), Fisika, 1945
- Vladimir Prelog (Yugoslavia/Swiss), Kimia, 1975
- Tadeus Reichstein, Kedokteran, 1950
- Heinrich Rohrer, Fisika, 1986
- Leopold Ruzicka, Kimia, 1939
- Carl Spitteler, Sastra, 1919
- Hermann Staudinger (Jerman/Swiss), Kimia, 1953
- Max Theiler (Swiss/Afrika Selatan), Kedokteran, 1951
- Alfred Werner, Kimia, 1913
- Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Kedokteran, 1996
Tibet
Timor Timur
Turki
Uni Soviet dan Rusia
- Alexei A. Abrikosov
- Zhores I. Alferov
- Ivan Bunin, Sastra, 1933
- Pavel Cherenkov
- Ilya Mikhailovich Frank
- Vitaly Ginzburg
- Mikhail Sergeevich Gorbachev
- Leonid V. Kantorovich
- Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa
- Lev Davidovich Landau
- Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov
- Boris Pasternak, Sastra, 1958 (dipaksa menolak)
- Ivan Pavlov
- Andrei Dmitriyevich Sakharov
- Michail Sholokhov, Sastra, 1965
- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Sastra, 1970
- Igor Tamm
Vietnam
- Lê Ðức Thọ, Perdamaian, 1973 (menolak)
Yunani
- Odysseas Elytis, Sastra, 1979
- Giorgos Seferis, Sastra, 1963