Pertempuran Bulge
Pertempuran Bulge (16 Desember 1944 – 25 Januari 1945) adalah sebuah kampanye perlawanan Jerman utama yang diluncurkan di wilayah Ardennes, Wallonia di Belgia, Prancis, dan Luxembourg pada Front Barat menjelang akhir Perang Dunia II di Eropa.
Pasukan yang berbeda menyebut pertempuran tersebut dengan nama yang berbeda. Pasuakan Jerman secara resmi menyebutnya sebagai Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein ("Operasi Pengawasan di Rhine") atau terkadang Ardennenoffensive atau Rundstedt-Offensive, sementara pasukan Prancis menamakannya Bataille des Ardennes ("Pertempuran Ardennes"). Pasukan Sekutu menyebutnya Ardennes Counteroffensive ("Perlawanan balasan Ardennes").
Jerman melibatkan 200,000 pria, 340 tank dan 280 kendaraan lainnya dalam serangan tersebut. Pada akhir pertempuran tersebut, mereka kehilangan kr. 68,000 pria yang tewas, menghilang atau luka-luka. Pada pihak Amerika, 610,000 pria terlibat dalam pertempuran tersebut,[1] 89,000 diantaranya menjadi korban,[2] termasuk lebih dari 19,000 orang tewas.[2][3] Peristiwa tersebut adalah pertempuran paling berdarah dan terbesar yang melibatkan Amerika Serikat pada Perang Dunia II.[4][5][6]
Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Cirillo 2003, hlm. 53.
- ^ a b Miles 2004.
- ^ MacDonald 1998, hlm. 618.
- ^ McCullough, David (2005). American Experience – The Battle of the Bulge (Videotape).
- ^ Ambrose, Stephen E. (1997), Americans at War, University Press of Mississippi, hlm. 52, ISBN 978-1-57806-026-9
- ^ Miller, Donald L. (2002), The Story of World War II, Simon & Schuster, hlm. 358, ISBN 978-0-7432-1198-7
Daftar pustaka[sunting | sunting sumber]
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Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Beevor, Antony (2015). Ardennes 1944: Hitler's Last Gamble. London: Viking. ISBN 9780670918645.
- Caddick-Adams, Peter. Snow and Steel: The Battle of the Bulge, 1944–45 (Oxford University Press; 2015) 872 pages
- Elstob, Peter (2003), Hitler's Last Offensive, Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military Classics, ISBN 0-85052-984-0
- von Luttichau, Charles V. (2000), "Chapter 20: The German Counteroffensive in the Ardennes", dalam Kent Roberts Greenfield, Command Decisions, United States Army Center of Military History, CMH Pub 70-7 (reissue from 1960)
Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
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Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Battle of the Bulge. |
- Battle of the Bulge – Official webpage of the United States Army.
- The Battle of the Bulge: Battlebook U.S. Army Europe
- Battle of the Bulge Museums – a list of Battle of the Bulge museums near the previous battlefield.
- "American Experience – The Battle of the Bulge – PBS Documentary" di YouTube
- Battle of the Bulge animated battle map by Jonathan Webb
