Daftar Penguasa Persia

Daftar penguasa Persia (Iran) di bawah ini disesuaikan dengan zaman Monarki dan dinasti Persia (Iran) hingga menjadi Republik.

Sesuai dengan zaman dan dinasti[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Persia Akhemeniyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nama Resmi	Gelar	Berkuasa	Masa Hidup
Koresh Agung	Syahansyah Persia, Raja Āryāvarta, Raja Anshan, Raja Media, Raja Babel, Raja Sumeria dan Akkadia, Raja Empat Penjuru Dunia	559 SM – 530 SM	600 SM – 530 SM
Kambisus II	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	530 SM – 522 SM	? - 521 SM
Bardiya	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	522 SM	? - 522 SM
Darius I	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	522 SM – 486 SM	550 SM – 486 SM
Ahasyweros I	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	486 SM – 465 SM	519 SM – 465 SM
Artahsasta I	'Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	465 SM – 424 SM
Ahasyweros II	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	424 SM
Darius II	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	423 SM – 404 SM
Artahsasta II	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	404 SM – 358 SM
Artaxsaca III	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	358 SM – 338 SM
Artahsasta IV	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	338 SM – 336 SM
Darius III	Shahanshah Persia Firaun Mesir	336 SM – 330 SM
Artahsasta V	Shahanshah Persia	330 SM – 329 SM

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Makedonia (Persia ditaklukan Aleksander Agung)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Alexander III, Agung 336–323 SM
- Antipatros, Wali Makedonia 334–323 SM
Philip III Arrhidaeus 323–317 SM dan Alexander IV 323–310 SM^[1]
- Perdikas, Wali Kekaisaran Makedonia 323–321 SM^[2]
- Antipatros, Wali Kekaisaran Makedonia 321–319 SM
- Polyperchon, Wali Kekaisaran Makedonia 319–317 SM
- Kasandros, Wali Makedonia 317–305 SM

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Seleukia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Raja	Memerintah (SM)
Seleukos I Nikator	Satrap 320–315, 312–305 SM Raja 305–281 SM
Antiokhos I Soter	memerintah bersama sejak 291 SM, memerintah sendirian 281–261 SM
Antiokhos II Theos	261–246 SM
Seleukos II Kallinikos	246–225 SM
Seleukos III Keraunus (atau Soter)	225–223 SM
Antiochus III yang Agung	223–187 SM
Seleukos IV Philopator	187–175 SM
Antiokhos IV Epiphanes	175–163 SM
Antiokhos V Eupator	163–161 SM
Demetrius I Soter	161–150 SM
Alexander I Balas	150–145 SM
Demetrius II Nicator	pemerintahan bersama, 145–139 SM
Antiochus VI Dionysos (Epiphanes)	145–142 SM
Diodotus Tryphon	142–138 SM
Antiokhos VII Sidetes (Euergetes)	139–129 SM

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Parthia/Arsakid[sunting | sunting sumber]

Potret	Gelar	Nama Resmi	Nama Lahir	Masa Berkuasa	Wafat
Dinasti Arsakid (247 SM – 228 M)
	Raja	Arsak I	Tiridates I atau Arsakes	247–211 BC	211 BC
	Raja	Arsak II	Artabanus I or Arsakes	211–185 BC^[3]	185 BC
	Raja	Arsakes III	Phriapatius	185–170 BC^[3]	170 BC
	Raja	Arsakes IV	Phraates I	170–167 BC^[4]	167 BC
	Shahanshah, Rajadiraja, Theos, Theopator, Philhellene	Arsakes V	Mithridates I	167^[4] –132 BC^[5]	132 BC
	Shahanshah, Philopator, Theopator, Nikephoros	Arsakes VI	Phraates II	132–127 BC^[5]	127 BC
	King	Arsakes VII	Artabanus II	127–126 BC^[5]	126 BC
	Shahanshah, Theopator, Philadelphos, Philhellene, Epiphanes	Arsakes VIII	Vologases(?)^[5]	126–122 BC^[5]	122 BC
	Shahanshah, Shahanshah, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes IX	Artabanus(?)^[5]	122–121 BC	121 BC
	Shahanshah, Raja Agung, Epiphanes, Soter	Arsakes X	Mithridates II	121^[6]–91 BC	91 BC
	Shahanshah, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Euergetes, Autocrator	Arsakes XI	Gotarzes I	91–87 BC	87 BC
	Shahanshah, Theopator, Nicator	Arsakes XII	Artabanus(?)^[4]	91–77? BC	77? BC
	Shahanshah, Shahanshah of Kings, Dikaios, Euergetes, Philhellene, Autocrator, Philopator, Epiphanes	Arsakes XIII	Mithridates^[5]	88–67 BC	67 BC
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XIV	Orodes I	80–75 BC	75 BC
	Shahanshah, Theopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XV	Sanatruces	77–70 BC	70 BC
	Shahanshah, Theopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Eusebes	Arsakes XVI^[4]	Arsakes(?) or Vardanes(?) or Vonones(?)	77–66 BC	66 BC
	Shahanshah, Theos, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XVII	Phraates III	70–57 BC	57 BC
	Shahanshah, Philopator, Euergetes, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XVIII^[4]	?	66–63 BC	63 BC
	Shahanshah, Shahanshah of Kings, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Theos, Eupator, Theopator, Philhellene	Arsakes XIX	Mithridates III	65^[4] –54 BC	54 BC
	Shahanshah, Philopator, Eupator, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Ktistes	Arsakes XX	Orodes II	57–38 BC	38 BC
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXI	Pacorus I	50–38 BC	38 BC
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXII	Phraates IV	38–2 BC	2 BC
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Autocrator, Philoromaeos	Arsakes XXIII	Tiridates II	30–25 BC	after 23 BC
	?	Arsakes XXIV	Mithridates^[7]	12–9 BC	?
	Queen of Queens, Thea, Urania	Musa	Musa	2 BC – 4 CE	4? CE
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXV	Phraates V	2 BC – 4 CE	4 CE
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXVI	Orodes III	4–6	6
	Shahanshah, Rajadiraja, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Nikephorus, Raja Armenia	Arsakes XXVII	Vonones I	8–12	19
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXVIII	Artabanus III	10–40	40
	?	Arsakes XXIX	Tiridates III	35–36	?
	?	Arsakes XXX	Cinnamus	37	?
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXI	Gotarzes II	40–51	51
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXII	Vardanes I	40–46	46
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXIII	Vonones II	kr. 45–51	51
	?	Arsakes XXXIV	Mithridates^[8]	49–50	?
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene,	Arsakes XXXV	Vologases I	51–77	77
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXVI	Vardanes II	55–58	?
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXVII	Vologases II	77–89/90	?
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXVIII	Pacorus II	77–115	115
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XXXIX	Artabanus IV	80–81	?
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XL	Osroes I	89/90–130	130
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Raja Armenia	Arsakes XLI	Vologases III	105–148	148
	Shahanshah, Euergetes, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLII	Parthamaspates	116–117	after 123
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLIII	Mithridates IV	kr. 130 – kr. 145	kr. 145
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLIV^[9]	?	kr. 140 – kr. 140	kr. 140
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLV	Vologases IV	148–191	191
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLVI	Vologases V	191–208	208
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLVII	Osroes II	kr. 190 – kr. 195	?
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLVIII	Vologases VI	208–228	228
	Shahanshah, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene	Arsakes XLIX	Artabanus V	213–226	226
	Raja, Dikaios, Epiphanes, Philhellene, Raja Armenia	Arsakes L	Tiridates IV^[10]	217–222	?

Penguasa terakhir Parthia digulingkan oleh Ardashir dari Sasaniyah.

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Iran Sasaniyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Potret	Gelar	Nama Resmi	Nama Lahir	Lahir	Berkuasa	Mati
Wangsa Sasan
	Shahanshah^[11]	Ardashir I	–	180	28 April 224 – February 242	February 242
	Shahanshah	Shapur I	–	215	12 April 240 – May 270	May 270
	Shahanshah, Wuzurg Armananshah^[12]	Hormizd I	Hormozd-Ardashir	?	May 270 – June 271	June 271
	Shahanshah, Gilanshah	Bahram I	–	?	June 271 – September 274	September 274
	Shahanshah	Bahram II	–	?	September 274 – 293	293
	Shahanshah, Sakanshah	Bahram III	–	?	293	293
	Shahanshah, Wuzurg Armananshah	Narseh I	–	?	293–302	302
	Shahanshah	Hormizd II	–	?	302–309	309
	Shahanshah	Adhur Narseh	–	?	309	309
	Shahanshah, Dhū al-aktāf^[13]	Shapur II	–	309	309–379	379
	Shahanshah	Ardashir II	–	309/310	379–383	383
	Shahanshah	Shapur III	–	?	383 – December 388	December 388
	Shahanshah, Kirmanshah	Bahram IV	–	?	December 388 – 399	399
	Shahanshah	Yazdegerd I	–	363	399 – 21 January 420	21 January 420
	Shahanshah	Bahram V	–	406	21 January 420 – 20 June 438	20 June 438
	Shahanshah	Yazdegerd II	–	?	20 June 438 – 15 December 457	15 December 457
	Shahanshah	Hormizd III	–	399	457–459	459
	Shahanshah	Peroz I	–	459	457 – January 484	January 484
	Shahanshah	Balash	–	?	February 484 – 488	488
	Shahanshah	Kavadh I	–	449	488–496	13 September 531
	Shahanshah	Djamasp	–	?	496–498	502
	Shahanshah	Kavadh I	–	449	498 – 13 September 531	13 September 531
	Shahanshah, Anusyirwan yang Adil	Khosrau I	–	500	13 September 531 – 31 January 579	31 January 579
	Shahanshah	Hormizd IV	–	540	31 January 579 – 5 September 590	5 September 590
	Shahanshah, Aparviz	Khosrau II	–	570	September 590 – September 590	February 28, 628
Wangsa Mihran
	Shahanshah, Chubineh	Bahram VI	Mehrbandak	?	September – 590 January 591	591
Wangsa Sasan
	Shahanshah, Aparviz	Khosrau II	–	570	January 591 – 25 February 628	February 28, 628
Wangsa Ispahbudhan
	Shahanshah	Vistahm	–	?	591 – 596 or 600	596 or 600
Wangsa Sasan
	Shahanshah	Kavadh II	Shiruyah	?	25 February 628 – 15 September 628	15 September 628
	Shahanshah	Ardashir III	–	621	15 September 628 – 27 April 629	27 April 629
Wangsa Mihran
	Shahanshah, Shahrvaraz	Shahrbaraz	–	?	27 April 629 – 17 June 629	17 June 629
Wangsa Sasan
	Shahanshah	Khosrau III	–	?	630	630
	Shahbanu^[14]	Borandukht	–	590	17 June 629 – 16 June 630 (First reign) 631 – 632 (Second reign)	632
	Shahanshah	Shapur-i Shahrvaraz	–	?	630	?
	Shahanshah	Peroz II	Gushnasp-Bandeh	?	630	630
	Shahbanu	Azarmidokht	–	?	630–631	631
	Shahanshah	Khosrau IV	Khurrazadh	?	631	631
Wangsa Ispahbudhan
	Shahanshah	Farrokh Hormizd	–	?	630–631	631
Wangsa Sasan
	Shahanshah	Hormizd VI	–	?	630–631	631
	Shahanshah	Yazdegerd III	–	624	16 June 632–651	651

Iran Persia dibawah Kekhalifahan Islam[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kekhalifahan Rasyidin[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nama Berkuasa	Gelar	Rentang usia	Catatan
ʿUmar bin Khattab عمر بن الخطاب 23 Agustus 634 (13 H) – 3 November 644 (23 H) (10 tahun, 72 hari)	Khalifah, Amirul Mukminin	584 – 3 November 644	Kekaisaran Sasaniyah berhasil ditaklukan pada tahun 644 M
'Utsman bin 'Affan عثمان بن عفان 11 November 644 (23 H) – 20 Juni 656 (35 H) (11 tahun, 222 hari)	Khalifah, Amirul Mukminin	579 – 20 Juni 656
'Ali bin Abi Thalib علي بن أبي طالب 20 Juni 656 (35 H) – 29 Januari 661 (40 H) (4 tahun, 223 hari)	Khalifah, Amirul Mukminin	15 September 601 – 29 Januari 661

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Safawiyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Gambar	Nama Resmi	Gelar	Masa Hidup	Masa Kekuasaan	Agama
	Ismail I	Sultan, Shahanshah, Khan Kagan-i Suleyman shan	1487-1524	1502-1524	Islam Syiah
	Tahmasp I	Shahanshah, Sahib-i-Qiran, Sultan bar Salatin, Kagan-i Suleyman shan	1514-1576	1525-1576	Islam Syiah
	Ismail II	Shahanshah, Khan	1537-1577	1576-1577	Islam Sunni
	Mohammad I	Shahanshah, Sultan	1532-1596	1577-1587	Islam Syiah
	Abbas I Yang Agung	Shahanshah, Sultan	1571-1629	1587-1629	Islam Syiah
	Safi	Shahanshah	1611-1642	1629-1642	Islam Syiah
	Abbas II	Shahanshah	1632-1666	1642-1666	Islam Syiah
	Suleiman I	Shahanshah	1645-1694	1666-1694	Islam Syiah
	Sultan Husayn	Shahanshah, Sultan	1668-1726	1694-1722	Islam Syiah
Pemberontakan Dinasti Hotak dari Afganistan
	Mahmud Hotak	Shah Iran, Emir Afghanistan	1722-1725	1697-1725	Islam Sunni
	Ashraf Hotak	Shah Iran, Emir Afghanistan	1725-1729	?-1730	Islam Sunni
Restorasi Safawi
	Tahmasp II	Shah	1704-1740	1729–1732	Islam Syiah
	Abbas III	Shah	1732-1740	1732–1736	Islam Syiah

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Qajar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nama		Gelar	Masa Hidup	Mulai berkuasa	Akhir Berkuasa
1	Mohammad Khan Qajar	Khan^[15] Shah^[15]	1742–1797	Maret 1796^[16]	17 June 1797
2	Fat′h-Ali Shah Qajar	Shahanshah^[15] Khaqan^[15]	1772–1834	17 June 1797	23 October 1834
3	Mohammad Shah Qajar	Khaqan putra Khaqan^[15]	1808–1848	23 October 1834	5 September 1848
4	Naser al-Din Shah Qajar	Zell'ollah (Bayangan Allah[di Bumi])^[15] Qebleh-ye 'ālam (Poros semesta)^[15] Islampanah (Pelindung Islam)^[15]	1831–1896	5 September 1848	1 May 1896
5	Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar	Shahanshah	1853–1907	1 May 1896	3 January 1907
6	Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar	Shahanshah	1872–1925	3 January 1907	16 July 1909
7	Ahmad Shah Qajar	Shahanshah, Sultan	1898–1930	16 July 1909	31 October 1925

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Pahlavi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Potret	Gelar	Nama Resmi	Nama Personal	Lahir	Berkuasa	Kematian	Hubungan keluarga	Catatan
Dinasti Pahlavi (1925–1979)
	Shahanshah	Reza Shah	Reza Khan (kemudian Pahlavi)	15 Maret 1878	15 Desember 1925 – 16 September 1941	26 Juli 1944	anak dari Abbas Ali	dilengserkan selama Invasi Inggris-Soviet ke Iran
	Shahanshah Ariamehr	Mohammad Reza Shah	Mohammad Reza Pahlavi	26 Oktober 1919	16 September 1941 – 11 Februari 1979	27 Juli 1980	anak dari Reza Shah	digulingkan dalam Revolusi Iran

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ As part of the compromise in Babylon after Alexander the Great’s death, it was agreed that Philip would be joint king with Roxanne’s unborn child, should it prove to be male. Hence Philip was sole king for several months until Alexander IV was born, and Alexander too was sole king from Philip’s murder in 317 BC to his own death. Neither had any effective power during this period; Philip was mentally infirm and Alexander was under age.
^ Perdiccas (And his immediate Regency successors) did not take the title of Regent, (Epitropos) but instead styled himself 'Manager' (Epimelêtês), however his position was that of Regent in all but name.
^ ^a ^b Assar, 2004.Assar, 2005. Assar, "Moses of Choren & the Early Parthian Chronology", 2006.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Qashqai, H., "The successors of Mithridates II"
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Assar, G.R.F., "A Revised Parthian Chronology of the Period 165-91 BC" Qashqai, H., "The successors of Mithridates II"
^ Assar, G.R.F., "A Revised Parthian Chronology of the Period 165-91 BC"
^ Josephus Flavius, Antiquities of the Jews, Book XVI, Ch.8.4
^ Tacitus, The Annals, 11.10
^ See: Unknown King (III) (kr. AD 140)
^ See: Tiridates III (kr. AD 224 – 228?)
^ In Persian it means "King of Kings"
^ "The great king of Armenians"
^ "The penetrator of the shoulders"
^ "Queen"
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Amanat, Abbas (1997), Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896, Comparative studies on Muslim societies, I. B. Tauris, hlm. 10, ISBN 9781860640971
^ Perry, J. R. (1984). "ĀḠĀ MOḤAMMAD KHAN QĀJĀR". Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica. I/6. hlm. 602–605. in Ramażān, 1210/ March, 1796, he was officially crowned shah of Iran.

[1] As part of the compromise in Babylon after Alexander the Great’s death, it was agreed that Philip would be joint king with Roxanne’s unborn child, should it prove to be male. Hence Philip was sole king for several months until Alexander IV was born, and Alexander too was sole king from Philip’s murder in 317 BC to his own death. Neither had any effective power during this period; Philip was mentally infirm and Alexander was under age.

[2] Perdiccas (And his immediate Regency successors) did not take the title of Regent, (Epitropos) but instead styled himself 'Manager' (Epimelêtês), however his position was that of Regent in all but name.

[Assar-3] Assar, 2004.Assar, 2005. Assar, "Moses of Choren & the Early Parthian Chronology", 2006.

[Qashqai-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Qashqai, H., "The successors of Mithridates II"

[AssarQashqai-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Assar, G.R.F., "A Revised Parthian Chronology of the Period 165-91 BC" Qashqai, H., "The successors of Mithridates II"

[6] Assar, G.R.F., "A Revised Parthian Chronology of the Period 165-91 BC"

[7] Josephus Flavius, Antiquities of the Jews, Book XVI, Ch.8.4

[8] Tacitus, The Annals, 11.10

[9] See: Unknown King (III) (kr. AD 140)

[10] See: Tiridates III (kr. AD 224 – 228?)

[11] In Persian it means "King of Kings"

[12] "The great king of Armenians"

[13] "The penetrator of the shoulders"

[Queen-14] "Queen"

[Amanat-15] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Amanat, Abbas (1997), Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896, Comparative studies on Muslim societies, I. B. Tauris, hlm. 10, ISBN 9781860640971

[16] Perry, J. R. (1984). "ĀḠĀ MOḤAMMAD KHAN QĀJĀR". Dalam Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica. I/6. hlm. 602–605. in Ramażān, 1210/ March, 1796, he was officially crowned shah of Iran.

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Daftar Penguasa Persia

Daftar isi

Sesuai dengan zaman dan dinasti[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Persia Akhemeniyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Makedonia (Persia ditaklukan Aleksander Agung)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Seleukia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Parthia/Arsakid[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Kekaisaran Iran Sasaniyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Iran Persia dibawah Kekhalifahan Islam[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kekhalifahan Rasyidin[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Safawiyah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Qajar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar Penguasa Dinasti Pahlavi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

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