Al-Qaeda

al-Qaeda القاعدة
Terlibat dalam Perang Dunia atas Terorisme, Perang Afganistan, Perang Irak, dan Musim Semi Arab
Aktif	1988–sekarang
Ideologi	Islam Sunni Fundamentalisme Islam Takfiri Pan-Islamisme Kekhalifahan Dunia Qutbisme Wahabi Jihad Salafi Anti-Barat
Pemimpin	Osama bin Laden (1988–2011) Ayman al-Zawahiri (2011–sekarang)
Daerah operasi	Seluruh dunia (mayoritas di Timur Tengah)
Kekuatan	Di Afganistan – 50–100 Di Irak - 2,500 In the Maghreb – 300–800 Di Asia Selatan – 300 Di Suriah  – 7,000 - 20,000 Di Yaman – 500–600
Sekutu	Taliban Gerakan Islam Uzbekistan Gerakan Islam Turkestan Timur Al-Shabaab Jundallah Lashkar-e-Taiba Jaish-e-Mohammed Jemaah Islamiyah Boko Haram Abu Sayyaf Negara Islam Irak dan Syam (Hingga 2014 sebagai Al-Qaeda di Irak) Emirat Kaukasia Qatar (diduga)
Musuh	United States of America United Kingdom  Israel  Pakistan Pakta Pertahanan Atlantik Utara Pasukan Bantuan Keamanan Internasional Arab Saudi  Irak  Suriah  Iran  Afganistan  Turki  Yaman  Mesir  Aljazair Hizbullah

Al-Qaeda (pengucapan bahasa Inggris: [ælˈkaɪdə] atau [ælˈkeɪdə]; bahasa Arab: القاعدة, al-qāʿidah,, transliterasi Indonesia: Al Qa'idah ((Kaidah), "fondasi" atau "dasar") adalah suatu organisasi paramiliter fundamentalis Islam Sunni yang salah satu tujuan utamanya adalah mengurangi pengaruh luar terhadap kepentingan Islam. Al-Qaeda digolongkan sebagai organisasi teroris internasional oleh Amerika Serikat, Uni Eropa, PBB, Britania Raya, Kanada, Australia, dan beberapa negara lain. Walaupun secara filosofis anggotanya bersifat heterogen, sebagian besar anggota berpengaruh dari organisasi ini dianggap mengikuti manhaj Salafi.

Al Qaeda didirikan oleh seorang veteran Perang Afghanistan asal Arab Saudi, Osama bin Laden. kelompok paramiliter ini awalnya diawaki oleh milisi eks-Perang Afghanistan dengan tujuan memberikan perlawanan terhadap pihak-pihak yang dituding memusuhi Islam seperti Amerika Serikat, Israel.

Referensi

Wikidata: Al-Qaeda

Lihat pula

• Osama bin Laden

Bacaan lanjutan

Bibliography

• Atran, Scott (2010). Talking to the Enemy: Faith, Brotherhood, and the (un)making of Terrorists. New York: Ecco Press. ISBN 978-0-06-134490-9. 
• Atwan, Abdel Bari (2006). The Secret History of al Qaeda. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24974-5. 
• Basile, Mark (May 2004). "Going to the Source: Why Al Qaeda's Financial Network Is Likely to Withstand the Current War on Terrorist Financing". Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 27 (3): 169–185. doi:10.1080/10576100490438237. 
• Benjamin, Daniel; Simon, Steven (2002). The Age of Sacred Terror (1st ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN 0-375-50859-7. 
• Bergen, Peter (2001). Holy War, Inc.: Inside the Secret World of Osama bin Laden (1st ed.). New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-3495-2. 
• Bergen, Peter (2006). The Osama bin Laden I Know: An Oral History of al Qaeda's Leader (2nd ed.). New York: Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-7892-5. 
• Bergen, Peter; Cruickshank, Paul (June 11, 2008). "The Unraveling: The jihadist revolt against bin Laden". The New Republic 238 (10). pp. 16–21. Diakses tanggal May 4, 2011. 
• Bergen, Peter (2011). The Longest War: The Enduring Conflict between America and al-Qaeda. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-7893-5. 
• Bin Laden, Osama (2005). Lawrence, Bruce, ed. Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden. London: Verso. ISBN 1-84467-045-7. 
• Cassidy, Robert M. (2006). Counterinsurgency and the Global War on Terror: Military Culture and Irregular War. Westport, CT: Praeger Security International. ISBN 0-275-98990-9. 
• Coll, Steve (2005). Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (2nd ed.). New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-303466-9. 
• Esposito, John L. (2002). Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515435-5. 
• Gunaratna, Rohan (2002). Inside Al Qaeda (1st ed.). London: C. Hurst & Co. ISBN 1-85065-671-1. 
• Hafez, Mohammed M. (March 2007). "Martyrdom Mythology in Iraq: How Jihadists Frame Suicide Terrorism in Videos and Biographies". Terrorism and Political Violence 19 (1): 95–115. doi:10.1080/09546550601054873. 
• Hoffman, Bruce (2002). "The Emergence of the New Terrorism". Di Tan, Andrew; Ramakrishna, Kumar. The New Terrorism: Anatomy, Trends, and Counter-Strategies. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press. pp. 30–49. ISBN 981-210-210-8. 
• Jansen, Johannes J.G. (1997). The Dual Nature of Islamic Fundamentalism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-3338-X. 
• McGeary, Johanna (February 19, 2001). "A Traitor's Tale". TIME 157 (7). pp. 36–37. Diakses tanggal September 15, 2009. 
• Napoleoni, Loretta (2003). Modern Jihad: Tracing the Dollars Behind the Terror Networks. London: Pluto Press. ISBN 0-7453-2117-8. 
• Qutb, Sayyid (2003). Milestones. Chicago: Kazi Publications. ISBN 0-911119-42-6. 
• Rashid, Ahmed (2002) [2000]. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 1-86064-830-4. 
• Reeve, Simon (1999). The New Jackals: Ramzi Yousef, Osama Bin Laden and the Future of Terrorism. Boston: Northeastern University Press. ISBN 1-55553-407-4. 
• Riedel, Bruce (2008). The Search for al Qaeda: Its Leadership, Ideology, and Future. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-7414-3. 
• Sageman, Marc (2004). Understanding Terror Networks. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3808-7. 
• Trofimov, Yaroslav (2006). Faith At War: A Journey On the Frontlines of Islam, From Baghdad to Timbuktu. New York: Picador. ISBN 978-0-8050-7754-4. 
• Wechsler, William F. (2001). "Strangling The Hydra: Targeting Al Qaeda's Finances". Di Hoge, James; Rose, Gideon. How Did This Happen? Terrorism and the New War. New York: PublicAffairs. pp. 129–143. ISBN 1-58648-130-4. 
• Wright, Lawrence (2006). The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11. New York: Knopf. ISBN 0-375-41486-X. 
• Wright, Lawrence (June 2, 2008). "The Rebellion Within". The New Yorker 84 (16). pp. 36–53. Diakses tanggal September 15, 2009. 

Reviews

• Akacem, Mohammed (August 2005). "Review: Modern Jihad: Tracing the Dollars behind the Terror Networks". International Journal of Middle East Studies 37 (3): 444–445. doi:10.1017/S0020743805362143. 
• Bale, Jeffrey M. (October 2006). "Deciphering Islamism and Terrorism". Middle East Journal 60 (4): 777–788. 

Government reports

• Kronstadt, K. Allen; Katzman, Kenneth (November 2008). "Islamist Militancy in the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border Region and U.S. Policy" (PDF). U.S. Congressional Research Service. 
• Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives (July 18, 2013). "Global Al-Qaeda: Affiliates, Objectives, and Future Challenges" (PDF). United States Government Printing Office. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 22, 2013. 
• White House (September 2003). "Progress Report on the Global War on Terrorism". United States Department of State. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal September 22, 2003. 

Pranala luar

• U.S. Dept. of Justice, Al Qaeda Training Manual di Wayback Machine (diarsipkan Maret 31, 2005)
• Al-Qaeda in Oxford Islamic Studies Online
• Decade After 9/11, Al-Qaeda in Shambles
• 17 de-classified documents captured during the Abbottabad raid and released to the Combating Terrorism Center
• Bin Laden documents at a glance

Media

• Peter Taylor. (2007). "War on the West". Age of Terror, No. 4, series 1. BBC.
• Investigating Al-Qaeda, BBC News
• Adam Curtis. The Power of Nightmares. BBC.
• Al Qaeda's New Front from PBS Frontline, January 2005
• Inside al Qaeda – video report by National Geographic