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<tr><th colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#cccccc">'''Serotonin'''</th></tr>
<tr><th colspan="2" align=center bgcolor="#cccccc">'''Serotonin'''</th></tr>


<tr><td colspan="2" align="center">[[Berkas:Serotonin-skeletal.png|145px|Struktur kimia serotonin]][[Berkas:Serotonin-3D-vdW.png|145px|Struktur tiga dimensi ]]</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" align="center">[[Berkas:Serotonin-skeletal.png|145px|Struktur kimia serotonin]][[Berkas:Serotonin-3D-vdW.png|145px|Struktur tiga dimensi]]</td></tr>


<tr><td>[[Nomenklatur IUPAC|Nama kimia]]</td><td>5-Hidroksitriptamina, atau{{br}}3-(2-aminoetil)-1''H''-indol-5-ol</td></tr>
<tr><td>[[Nomenklatur IUPAC|Nama kimia]]</td><td>5-Hidroksitriptamina, atau{{br}}3-(2-aminoetil)-1''H''-indol-5-ol</td></tr>
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In the body, serotonin is synthesized from the [[amino acid]] [[tryptophan]] by a short [[metabolic pathway]] consisting of two [[enzyme]]s — TPH([[Tryptophan hydroxylase 1|1]],[[Tryptophan hydroxylase 2|2]]) and [[Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase|DDC]]. TPH1 [[chemical reaction|reaction]] controls the flux through the pathway.
In the body, serotonin is synthesized from the [[amino acid]] [[tryptophan]] by a short [[metabolic pathway]] consisting of two [[enzyme]]s — TPH([[Tryptophan hydroxylase 1|1]],[[Tryptophan hydroxylase 2|2]]) and [[Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase|DDC]]. TPH1 [[chemical reaction|reaction]] controls the flux through the pathway.
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[[Berkas:5htsynt_2.png|frame|left|403px|The pathway for the synthesis of serotonin from Trp]]<br style="clear: both;" />
[[Berkas:5htsynt_2.png|frame|left|403px|The pathway for the synthesis of serotonin from Trp]]<br style="clear: both;" />
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| chapterurl = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&db=books&doptcmdl=GenBookHL&term=raphe+AND+serotonin+release+AND+bnchm%5Bbook%5D+AND+160428%5Buid%5D&rid=bnchm.section.946#949
| chapterurl = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Search&db=books&doptcmdl=GenBookHL&term=raphe+AND+serotonin+release+AND+bnchm%5Bbook%5D+AND+160428%5Buid%5D&rid=bnchm.section.946#949
| quote = In 1964, Dahlstrom and Fuxe (discussed in [2]), using the Falck-Hillarp technique of histofluorescence, observed that the majority of serotonergic soma are found in cell body groups, which previously had been designated as the raphe nuclei.
| quote = In 1964, Dahlstrom and Fuxe (discussed in [2]), using the Falck-Hillarp technique of histofluorescence, observed that the majority of serotonergic soma are found in cell body groups, which previously had been designated as the raphe nuclei.
}}</ref> These neurons are grouped into about nine pairs, distributed along the entire length of the brainstem. 5-HT is thought to be released from serotonergic varicosities into the extra neuronal space, in other words from swellings (varicosities) along the axon, rather than from synaptic terminal buttons (in the manner of classical neurotransmission). From here it is free to diffuse over a relatively large region of space (>20µm) and activate [[5-HT receptor]]s located on the dendrites, cell bodies and presynaptic terminals of adjacent neurons.
}}</ref> These neurons are grouped into about nine pairs, distributed along the entire length of the brainstem. 5-HT is thought to be released from serotonergic varicosities into the extra neuronal space, in other words from swellings (varicosities) along the axon, rather than from synaptic terminal buttons (in the manner of classical neurotransmission). From here it is free to diffuse over a relatively large region of space (>20µm) and activate [[5-HT receptor]]s located on the dendrites, cell bodies and presynaptic terminals of adjacent neurons.


Serotonergic action is terminated primarily via [[reuptake|uptake]] of 5-HT from the synapse. This is through the specific [[monoamine transporter]] for 5-HT, [[Serotonin transporter|5-HT reuptake transporter]], on the presynaptic neuron. Various agents can inhibit 5-HT reuptake including [[MDMA]] (most commonly known by the street name ecstasy or XTC), [[cocaine]], [[tricyclic antidepressants]] (TCAs) and [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s (SSRIs).
Serotonergic action is terminated primarily via [[reuptake|uptake]] of 5-HT from the synapse. This is through the specific [[monoamine transporter]] for 5-HT, [[Serotonin transporter|5-HT reuptake transporter]], on the presynaptic neuron. Various agents can inhibit 5-HT reuptake including [[MDMA]] (most commonly known by the street name ecstasy or XTC), [[cocaine]], [[tricyclic antidepressants]] (TCAs) and [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s (SSRIs).
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[[Kategori:Tryptamino]]
[[Kategori:Tryptamino]]



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Revisi per 5 Maret 2015 23.56

Serotonin
Struktur kimia serotoninStruktur tiga dimensi
Nama kimia5-Hidroksitriptamina, atau
3-(2-aminoetil)-1H-indol-5-ol
Rumusan kimiaN2OC10H12
Massa molekul176.2182 g/mol
Massa monoisotop176.0950 g/mol
Komposisi (berat)N: 15.8970%  O: 9.0793%
C: 68.1598%  H: 6.8638%
Nomor CAS50-67-9
SMILESNCCC1=CNC2=C1C=C(O)C=C2
IUPAC InChI ID1/C10H12N2O/c11-4-3-7-6-12-10-2-1-
8(13)5-9(7)10/h1-2,5-6,12-13H,3-4,11H2

Serotonin (bahasa Inggris: 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) adalah suatu neurotransmiter monoamino yang disintesiskan pada neuron-neuron serotonergis dalam sistem saraf pusat dan sel-sel enterokromafin dalam saluran pencernaan. Hormon ini dipercaya sebagai pemberi perasaan nyaman dan senang.[1]

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Ikon rintisan

Artikel bertopik kimia ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

  1. ^ Young SN (2007). "How to increase serotonin in the human brain without drugs". Rev. Psychiatr. Neurosci. 32 (6): 394–99. PMID 18043762. 
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