Daftar ketua negara dan pemerintah yang berasal dari keturunan India.
Tampilan
Ini adalah daftar bekas dan ketua negara saat dan ketua pemerintah negara berdaulat yang berketurunan india penuh atau parsial. Tidak diseneraikan adalah ketua negara dan pemerintah negara di benua kecil India . Daftar ini tidak termasuk penjabat, interim, transisi, sementara atau wakil ketua negara dan pemerintah.
Ketua negara dan ketua pemerintah
[sunting | sunting sumber]S.No. | Nama (birth―death) |
Potret | Pejabat | Jawatan | Negara | Terma | Tempoh | tempat lahir | Keturunan | Ruj. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (1900–1985) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Mauritius | Ketua pemerintahan | Mauritius | 12 Mac 1968 | 30 Jun 1982 | 14 tahun, 110 hari | Belle Rive, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritius berketurunan Bhojpuri. | [1][2] |
2 | Alfredo Nobre da Costa (1923–1996) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Portugal | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
28 Ogos 1978 | 22 November 1978 | 86 hari | Lisbon, Portugal | Orang India Portugal berketurunan Goan | [3] |
3 | Mahathir Mohamad (born 1925) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Malaysia | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
16 Julai 1981 | 31 Oktober 2003 | 24 tahun, 38 hari | Alor Setar, Negeri-negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu, British Malaya | Orang India Malaysia daripada keturunan Malayalee | [4][5] |
10 Mei 2018 | 1 Mac 2020 | ||||||||||
4 | Devan Nair (1923–2005) |
Presiden Singapura | Ketua negara | ![]() |
23 Oktober 1981 | 27 Mac 1985 | 3 tahun, 155 hari | Melaka, Straits Settlements | Orang India Singapura daripada keturunan Malayalee | [6][7] | |
5 | Fred Ramdat Misier (1926–2004) |
![]() |
Presiden Suriname | Ketua negara | ![]() |
8 Februari 1982 | 25 Januari 1988 | 5 tahun, 351 hari | Paramaribo, Surinam | Indo-Surinam berketurunan Bhojpuri | [8] |
6 | Anerood Jugnauth (1930–2021) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Mauritius | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
30 Jun 1982 | 22 Disember 1995 | 18 years, 225 days | La Caverne, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [9][10] |
17 September 2000 | 30 September 2003 | ||||||||||
17 Disember 2014 | 23 Januari 2017 | ||||||||||
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | 7 Oktober 2003 | 31 Mac 2012 | 8 tahun, 176 hari | |||||||
7 | Errol Alibux (born 1948) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Suriname | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
26 Februari 1983 | 8 Januari 1984 | 316 hari | Paramaribo, Surinam | Indo-Surinam berketurunan Bhojpuri | [11][12] |
8 | Pretaap Radhakishun (1934–2001) |
Perdana Menteri Suriname | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
17 Julai 1986 | 7 April 1987 | 264 hari | Paramaribo, Surinam | Indo-Surinam berketurunan Bhojpuri | [13] | |
9 | Noor Hassanali (1918–2006) |
Presiden Trinidad dan Tobago | Ketua negara | ![]() |
20 Mac 1987 | 17 Mac 1997 | 9 tahun, 362 hari | San Fernando, British Trinidad and Tobago | Indo-Trinidadian dan Tobagonian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [14][15] | |
10 | Ramsewak Shankar (born 1937) |
![]() |
Presiden Suriname | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
25 Januari 1988 | 24 Disember 1990 | 2 tahun, 333 hari | Nieuw Amsterdam, Surinam | Indo-Surinam berketurunan Bhojpuri | [16][17] |
11 | Veerasamy Ringadoo (1920–2000) |
![]() |
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | ![]() |
12 Mac 1992 | 30 Jun 1992 | 110 hari | Port Louis, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian keturunan Tamil | [18][19] |
12 | Cassam Uteem (born 1941) |
![]() |
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | ![]() |
30 Jun 1992 | 15 Februari 2002 | 9 tahun, 230 hari | Port Louis, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [20][21] |
13 | Cheddi Jagan (1918–1997) |
![]() |
Presiden Guyana | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
9 Oktober 1992 | 6 Mac 1997 | 4 tahun, 148 hari | Ankerville, British Guiana | Indo-Guyan berketurunan Bhojpuri | [22] |
14 | Basdeo Panday (1933–2024) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Trinidad dan Tobago | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
9 November 1995 | 24 Disember 2001 | 6 tahun, 45 hari | St. Julien Village, British Trinidad and Tobago | Indo-Trinidadian dan Tobagonian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [23][24][25] |
15 | Navin Ramgoolam (born 1947) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Mauritius | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
27 December 1995 | 11 September 2000 | 14 tahun, 59 hari | Port Louis, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [26] |
5 Julai 2005 | 17 Disember 2014 | ||||||||||
16 | Mahendra Chaudhry (born 1942) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Fiji | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
19 Mei 1999 | 27 Mei 2000 | 1 tahun, 8 hari | Ba, British Fiji | Indo-Fijian berketurunan Haryanvi | [27][28] |
17 | Bharrat Jagdeo (lahir 1964) |
![]() |
Presiden Guyana | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
11 Ogos 1999 | 3 Disember 2011 | 12 tahun, 114 hari | Unity Village, British Guiana | Indo-Guyan berketurunan Awadhi | [29][30] |
18 | S. R. Nathan (1924–2016) |
![]() |
Presiden Singapura | Ketua negara | ![]() |
1 September 1999 | 31 August 2011 | 11 tahun, 364 hari | Singapura, Negeri-Negeri Selat | Orang India Singapura dari Keturunan Tamil | [31][32] |
19 | Kamla Persad-Bissessar (born 1952) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Trinidad dan Tobago | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
26 Mei 2010 | 9 September 2015 | 5 tahun, 108 hari | Siparia, British Trinidad and Tobago | Indo-Trinidadian dan Tobagonian keturunan Bhojpuri dan keturunan Tamil | [33][34] |
20 | Donald Ramotar (born 1950) |
![]() |
Presiden Guyana | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
3 Disember 2011 | 16 Mei 2015 | 3 tahun, 164 hari | Caria Caria, British Guiana | Indo-Guyan berketurunan Bhojpuri | [35][36] |
21 | Kailash Purryag (Lahir 1947) |
![]() |
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | ![]() |
21 Julai 2012 | 29 Mei 2015 | 2 tahun, 312 hari | Camp Fouquereaux, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [37][38] |
22 | Ameenah Gurib-Fakim (born 1959) |
![]() |
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | ![]() |
5 Jun 2015 | 23 Mac 2018 | 2 tahun, 291 hari | Surinam, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian keturunan Gujerat | [39][40] |
23 | António Costa (born 1961) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Portugal | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
26 November 2015 | 2 April 2024 | 8 tahun, 128 hari | Lisbon, Portugal | Indo-Portugis berketurunan Goan | [41][42] |
24 | Pravind Jugnauth (Lahir 1961) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri Mauritius | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
23 January 2017 | Penyandang jawatan | 7 tahun, 211 hari | La Caverne, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [43] |
25 | Leo Varadkar (born 1979) |
![]() |
Taoiseach | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
14 June 2017 | 27 June 2020 | 4 tahun, 127 hari | Dublin, Ireland | India Ireland berketurunan Konkani | [44][45] |
17 Disember 2022 | 9 April 2024 | ||||||||||
26 | Halimah Yacob (born 1954) |
![]() |
Presiden Singapura | Ketua negara | ![]() |
14 September 2017 | 14 September 2023 | 6 tahun, 0 hari | Singapore City, British Singapore | Indian Singaporean of Malayali descent | [46][47] |
27 | Prithvirajsing Roopun (born 1959) |
![]() |
Presiden Mauritius | Ketua negara | ![]() |
2 December 2019 | Penyandang jawatan | 4 tahun, 263 hari | Quatre Bornes, British Mauritius | Indo-Mauritian berketurunan Bhojpuri | [48][49] |
28 | Chan Santokhi (born 1959) |
![]() |
Presiden Suriname | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
16 July 2020 | Penyandang jawatan | 4 tahun, 36 hari | Lelydorp, Suriname | Indo-Suriname berketurunan Bhojpuri | [50] |
29 | Irfaan Ali (born 1980) |
![]() |
Presiden Guyana | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
2 August 2020 | Penyandang jawatan | 4 tahun, 19 hari | Leonora, Guyana | Indo-Guyan berketurunan Bhojpuri | [51][52] |
30 | Wavel Ramkalawan (born 1961) |
![]() |
Presiden Seychelles | Ketua negara, Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
26 Oktober 2020 | Penyandang jawatan | 3 tahun, 300 hari | Mahé, British Seychelles | Indo-Seychellois berketurunan Bhojpuri | [53][54] |
31 | Rishi Sunak (born 1980) |
![]() |
Perdana Menteri United Kingdom | Ketua pemerintahan | ![]() |
25 Oktober 2022 | 5 Julai 2024 | 1 tahun, 254 hari | Southampton, England, United Kingdom | British Indian Keterunan Punjabi | [55][56] |
32 | Christine Kangaloo (born 1961) |
![]() |
President of Trinidad and Tobago | Ketua negara | ![]() |
20 March 2023 | Penyandang jawatan | 1 tahun, 154 hari | Cascade, British Trinidad and Tobago | Indo-Trinidadian dan Tobagonian berketurunan Bhojpuri |
Lihat juga
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Daftar anggota politik asing yang berasal dari India
- diaspora India
- Kewarganegaraan Luar Negara India
- Girmitiyas
- Kapitan Keling
- Lascars
- Sistem inden India
- Hari Ketibaan India
- Pravasi Bharatiya Divas
- Pravasi Bharatiya Samman
- Daftar presiden India : ketua negara India
- Daftar perdana menteri India : ketua pemerintah India
- Daftar kekaisaran dan dinasti Hindu
- Daftar ketua negara dan pemerintah Yahudi
- Daftar ketua negara dan pemerintah saat
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Gender and Politicised Religion". Researchgate. Diakses tanggal 11 November 2017.
- ^ "Histoire: Mauritius Independence 1961-1968". Le Mauricien (dalam bahasa French). 9 March 2014. Diakses tanggal 9 September 2014.
- ^ "Primeiro-Ministros de Portugal". Portugal Info (dalam bahasa Portuguese). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-06-19. Diakses tanggal 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Tun M, Father of Modern Malaysia | New Straits Times | Malaysia General Business Sports and Lifestyle News". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 17 August 2019. Diakses tanggal 1 March 2020.
- ^ Wain, Barry (2010). Malaysian Maverick: Mahathir Mohamad in Turbulent Times. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-23873-2.
- ^ "Mr Devan Nair". www.istana.gov.sg. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-12-28. Diakses tanggal 2016-03-08.
- ^ Singh, Bajinder Pal. "Thailand's Indians hope for stability, peace after coup". Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd. Diakses tanggal 5 December 2015.
- ^ "Suriname's former president Ramdat Misier dies". Agence France-Presse. Caribbean Net News. 27 June 2004. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 December 2004. Diakses tanggal 19 February 2010.
- ^ "YourLocalNews.ca – TC Media's local information websites". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 5, 2013. Diakses tanggal 9 July 2016.
- ^ "Mauritius — Central Intelligence Agency". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 October 2009. Diakses tanggal 2009-11-18.
- ^ Anthony Payne; Paul K. Sutton (1 February 1993). Modern Caribbean Politics. JHU Press. hlm. 133–. ISBN 978-0-8018-4435-5.
- ^ "Suriname's Cabinet is Ousted". The New York Times. 1984-01-10. Diakses tanggal 2014-01-21.
- ^ "P. Radhakishun wordt premier van Suriname". De Volkskrant via kb.nl (dalam bahasa Belanda). 16 July 1986. Diakses tanggal 30 June 2020.
- ^ "Noor Hassanali". The Times. 29 September 2006. ISSN 0140-0460. Diakses tanggal 2019-09-26 – via www.thetimes.co.uk.
- ^ Forde, Lester (26 August 2006). "Former president Noor Hassanali dead at 88". Trinidad Guardian. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 2016-04-27.
- ^ "Timeline Suriname". BBC News. Diakses tanggal 23 June 2020.
- ^ "Nieuwe President vraagt Bouterse terug". Leidse Courant (dalam bahasa Belanda). 31 December 1990. Diakses tanggal 20 June 2020.
- ^ Who's who of Rhodesia, Mauritius, Central and East Africa. Wooten & Gibson. 1971. Diakses tanggal 27 July 2020.
- ^ "History of the Tamil League". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-29. Diakses tanggal 2009-09-29.
- ^ Uteem, Cassam. "Tribute to a renowned statesman". lemauricien.com. Le Mauricien. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-27.
- ^ "Cassam Uteem Former President of Mauritius". Global Commission on Drugs. 26 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2020-06-02.
- ^ Naipaul, V. S. (2012-03-15). The Writer and the World. Knopf Canada. ISBN 9780307370648.
- ^ "Hinduism Today Magazine".
- ^ "Tracing roots to India". The Trinidad Guardian Newspaper. 2012-05-27. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-13.
- ^ Premdas, Ralph R. (2004-01-14). Justin Daniel. "Elections, Identity and Ethnic Conflict in the Caribbean". Pouvoirs dans la Caraïbe. Revue du CRPLC (dalam bahasa Inggris) (14): 17–61. doi:10.4000/plc.246. ISSN 1279-8657.
- ^ "Bio-data of Dr The Honourable Navinchandra Ramgoolam". Government of Mauritius. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 November 2012. Diakses tanggal 23 December 2012.
- ^ Chiefs of State and Cabinet members of foreign governments / National Foreign Assessment Center. Jan-Aug 1987. 2003. hdl:2027/uc1.c049297807 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ "More ministers join interim Cabinet" Diarsipkan 30 September 2007 di Wayback Machine., Fiji Times, 9 January 2007.
- ^ "Guyanese President visits ancestral village in UP". 24 August 2003.
- ^ "Guyanan president sworn in after re-election". Xinhua. 2006-09-03. Diakses tanggal 2012-10-23.
- ^ Alvin Chua (2011), S. R. Nathan, Singapore Infopedia, National Library Board
- ^ S R Nathan is elected President of Singapore: 18 August 1999, HistorySG, National Library Board, 2014, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 May 2015
- ^ "Meet T and T PM, Kamla". Nation News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 September 2019. Diakses tanggal 25 March 2019.
- ^ "Trinidad's 'daughter PM' returns to village in Bihar for an emotional reunion". The Times of India. Diakses tanggal 25 March 2019.
- ^ "Ramotar sworn in as seventh Executive President". Stabroek News. 3 December 2011. Diakses tanggal 3 December 2011.
- ^ "President Ramotar to receive Pravasi Bharatiya Samman award". Guyana Times. 7 January 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 May 2015. Diakses tanggal 3 May 2015.
- ^ "I'm proud to be a Bihari, says Mauritius president". Zee News. Diakses tanggal 30 October 2020.
- ^ "Première sortie du Président – Kailash Purryag sur la tombe de SSR" (dalam bahasa Prancis). defimedia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 July 2012. Diakses tanggal 20 July 2012.
- ^ "Ameenah Gurib-Fakim : " Je suis une emmerdeuse, c'est ça ? "" (dalam bahasa French). 2014-05-31. Diakses tanggal 2015-05-31.
- ^ "Mauritius: Ameenah Gurib-Fakim resigns over credit card scandal". Al Jazeerah. Diakses tanggal 2018-03-18.
- ^ "'Proud of my roots in Goa': Portugal PM Antonio Costa's Q&A with HT". Hindustan Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). 6 January 2017. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2019.
- ^ Patricia Kowsmann and Matt Moffett (24 November 2015). "Socialist Leader António Costa Is Named as Portugal's Prime Minister". The Wall Street Journal. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 November 2015. Diakses tanggal 24 November 2015.
- ^ "Mauritius: Indo-Mauritians in the general elections". African Democracy Encyclopaedia Project. EISA. Diakses tanggal 2020-05-28.
- ^ "Varad village in Maharashtra rejoices as Leo Varadkar is set to be Irish PM". The Indian Express. 3 June 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 3 June 2017.
- ^ "Leo Varadkar elected as Republic of Ireland's taoiseach". BBC News. 14 June 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 14 June 2017.
- ^ Rajan, Uma (28 June 2016). "To Singapore with Love...". Dalam Pillai, Gopinath; Kesavapany, Krishnasamy. 50 Years of Indian Community in Singapore. World Scientific Publishing Co. hlm. 107. ISBN 978-9-813-14058-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 February 2020. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2017.
Notable female politicians include Dhanam Avadai, PAP Member for Moulmein (1965–1968), lawyer Indranee Rajah, the current Senior Minister of State, Ministry of Law and Ministry of Education, and Indian-origin politician Halimah Yacob, former Minister and current Speaker of Parliament.
- ^ Chia, Lianne (14 September 2017). "Halimah Yacob sworn in as Singapore's 8th President". Channel NewsAsia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 14 September 2017.
- ^ Arora, Sumit. "Pritivirajsing Roopun elected as new President of Mauritius by parliament" (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-06-03. Diakses tanggal 2019-12-04.
- ^ "Pradeep Roopun, un président qui aime s'occuper de son jardin". L'Express (dalam bahasa French). 3 December 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-12-03.
- ^ "Inauguratie nieuwe president van Suriname op Onafhankelijkheidsplein". Waterkant (dalam bahasa Belanda). Diakses tanggal 13 July 2020.
- ^ Wagenaar, Leonoor (1 December 2006). "Crimefighter met lef". Parbode (dalam bahasa Belanda). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 January 2013. Diakses tanggal 29 October 2020.
- ^ "Irfaan Ali sworn in as President". Stabroek News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2020-08-02. Diakses tanggal 2020-08-04.
- ^ "Up Close…with Wavel Ramkalawan, politician, priest and family person". Seychelles Nation via Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 October 2020. Diakses tanggal 27 October 2020.
- ^ "Seychelles election: Wavel Ramkalawan in landmark win". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2020-10-25. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 October 2020. Diakses tanggal 2020-10-27.
- ^ "Rishi Sunak makes history as first Indian-heritage UK Prime Minister". euronews.com. Diakses tanggal 12 December 2022.
- ^ "Rishi Sunak: A quick guide to the UK's new prime minister". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2022-10-25. Diakses tanggal 2022-10-25.