Daftar howitzer

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Howitzer adalah salah satu dari dua jenis artileri lapangan utama. Secara historis, howitzer menembakkan peluru berat dalam lintasan tinggi dari laras yang relatif pendek dan jangkauannya terbatas tetapi mereka sedikit lebih mobile dibandingkan senjata lapangan berukuran serupa. Sejak akhir Perang Dunia II , howitzer mempunyai laras yang lebih panjang dan karenanya meningkatkan jangkauan menjadi meriam howitzer.

Howitzer tarik[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kaliber (mm) Nama senjata Negara Asal Periode
87.6 Ordnance QF 25-pounder gun-howitzer  Britania Raya Perang Dunia II, Modern
87.6 Ordnance QF 25-pounder Short Mark 1 gun-howitzer  Australia Perang Dunia II
94 Ordnance QF 95 mm howitzer, infantry  Britania Raya Perang Dunia II
100 10 cm M. 14 Feldhaubitze  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I, II
100 Skoda houfnice vz 14/19  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I, II
100 10 cm houfnice vz. 28  Cekoslowakia Perang Dunia II
100 10 cm houfnice vz. 30  Cekoslowakia Perang Dunia II
100 Škoda 10 cm vz. 38 howitzer  Cekoslowakia Perang Dunia II
104 10 cm Feldhaubitze M 99  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
104 Long Cecil  British Empire Perang Dunia II
105 Canon de 105 court mle 1934 Schneider  Prancis Perang Dunia II
105 Canon de 105 court mle 1935 B  Prancis Perang Dunia II
105 GIAT LG1  Prancis Modern
105 KH178 howitzer  Korea Selatan Perang Dingin
105 Pindad ME-105  Indonesia Modern
105 Obice da 105/14  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia II
105 Type 91 10 cm howitzer  Jepang 2nd Sino-Japanese War
105 Obuzierul Krupp, calibrul 105 mm, model 1912 Rumania Romania Perang Dunia I
105 105 mm MÁVAG 40/43M  Hungaria Perang Dunia II
105 10.5 cm Feldhaubitze 98/09  German Empire Perang Dunia I
105 10.5 cm leFH 16  German Empire Perang Dunia I
105 10.5 cm leFH 18  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
105 10.5 cm leFH 18M  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
105 10.5 cm leFH 18/40  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
105 G7 howitzer  Afrika Selatan Modern
105 OTO Melara Mod 56  Italia Malaya, Aden, Vietnam, Falklands
105 L118 light gun  Britania Raya Falklands, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan
105 L119 light gun  Britania Raya Modern
105 105 mm howitzer M2, M101  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II, Vietnam
105 105 mm howitzer M3  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
105 M102 howitzer  Amerika Serikat Vietnam, Grenada, Gulf War, Iraq
105 M618A2  Thailand Modern
105 10,5 cm Haubits m/10  Swedia Perang Dunia I, II
105 Bofors 10.5 cm howitzer Model 1924  Swedia Perang Dunia II
105 10,5 cm Haubits m/40  Swedia Perang Dunia II
105 M-56 howitzer  Yugoslavia Perang Dingin
105 Obusier de 105 modèle 1950  Prancis Perang Dingin
114 QF 4.5 inch howitzer  Britania Raya Perang Dunia I, II
115 XM70E2 towed multiple launch rocket howitzer  Amerika Serikat 1959-63
120 12 cm felthaubits/m32  Norway Perang Dunia II
120 120 mm howitzer Model 1901  German Empire Balkan wars, Perang Dunia I, Finnish Civil War, Hungarian–Romanian War
120 120 mm Krupp howitzer M1905  German Empire Perang Dunia I
120 Type 38 12 cm howitzer  Empire of Japan Perang Dunia I
120 Obusier de 120 mm modèle 1890  Prancis Perang Dunia I
120 Obusier de 120 mm C mle 1897 Schneider-Canet  Prancis Balkan Wars, Perang Dunia I
120 Obusier de 120 mm mle 15TR  Prancis Perang Dunia I
122 122 mm howitzer M1909  Russian Empire Perang Dunia I
122 122 mm howitzer M1910  Russian Empire Perang Dunia I
122 122 mm howitzer M1910/30  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
122 122 mm howitzer M1909/37  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
122 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
122 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)  Uni Soviet
122 D-74 122 mm field gun  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
122 Type 54 howitzer  Tiongkok Perang Dingin
122 Type 83 howitzer  Tiongkok Modern
122 Type 60 howitzer  Tiongkok Perang Dingin, Modern
122 HM-40 howitzer  Iran
127 BL 5 inch howitzer  Britania Raya Second Boer War, Perang Dunia I
130 130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
137.2 BL 5.4 inch howitzer  Britania Raya Perang Dunia I
149.1 15 cm Haubits M/19  Swedia Perang Dunia I, II
149.1 15 cm Haubits m/38  Swedia Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
149.1 15 cm Haubits m/39  Swedia Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
149.1 Obice da 149/12  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia I, II
149.1 Obice da 149/19 modello 37  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia II
149.1 15 cm Mörser M 80  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 94  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M 14  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
149.1 15 cm schwere Feldhaubitze M. 15  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
149.1 15 cm hruba houfnice vz. 25  Cekoslowakia Perang Dunia II
149.1 15 cm sIG 33  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
149.1 15 cm sFH 18  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
149.1 15 cm sFH 36  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
149.2 Type 38 15 cm howitzer  German Empire 2nd Sino-Japanese War
149.2 Type 4 15 cm howitzer  Jepang 2nd Sino-Japanese War
149.2 Type 96 15 cm howitzer  Jepang 2nd Sino-Japanese War
149.7 15 cm sFH 93  German Empire Perang Dunia I
149.7 15 cm sFH 02  German Empire Perang Dunia I
149.7 15 cm sFH 13  German Empire Perang Dunia I
150 Obusier de 15 cm TR Schneider-Canet-du-Bocage  Portugal,  France Perang Dunia I
152.4 BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer  Britania Raya Second Boer War, Perang Dunia I
152.4 M1908 6-inch howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia I
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1909  Russian Empire Perang Dunia I
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1910  Russian Empire Perang Dunia I
152.4 BL 6-inch 26 cwt howitzer  Britania Raya Perang Dunia I, II
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1909/30  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1910/37  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1938 (M-10)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
152.4 152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B, M1987  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
152.4 152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20)  Uni Soviet Vietnam War, Six-day War, Iran-Iraq War, Syrian Civil War
152 152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20), M84 NORA field gun  Yugoslavia
152 Type 66 howitzer  Tiongkok Perang Dingin, Modern
152 Type 83 howitzer  Tiongkok Modern
152 152 H 88  Finlandia Perang Dingin
155 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1881  Prancis Perang Dunia I
155 Obusier de 155 mm C modèle 1890  Prancis Perang Dunia I
155 Rimailho Model 1904TR  Prancis Perang Dunia I
155 Canon de 155 C modèle 1915 St. Chamond  Prancis Perang Dunia I, II
155 Canon de 155 C mle 1917 Schneider  Prancis Perang Dunia I, II
155 M114 155 mm howitzer, M1  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II, 1980s, Modern
155 155 mm gun M1, M2, M59, Long Tom  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin, Modern
155 FH70 howitzer  Jerman,  Italia,  Britania Raya Perang Dingin, Modern
155 Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50  Prancis Perang Dingin
155 Haubits FH77  Swedia Perang Dingin, Modern
155 FH-88 howitzer  Singapore Modern
155 FH-2000 howitzer  Singapore Modern
155 SLWH Pegasus (Singapore light weight howitzer)  Singapore Modern
155 G5 howitzer  Afrika Selatan Perang Dingin, Modern
155 GC-45 howitzer  Canada Perang Dingin, Modern
155 GC-45 howitzer, GHN-45 variant  Afrika Selatan, Iraq Perang Dingin, Modern
155 KH179 howitzer  Korea Selatan Perang Dingin
155 M198 howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin, Modern
155 M389 howitzer  Rusia
155 DRDO ATAGS  India Modern
155 Bharat 52  India Modern
155 Dhanush (howitzer)  India Modern
155 HM-41  Iran Modern
155 155 K 83  Finlandia Modern
155 155 GH 52 APU  Finlandia Modern
155 M777 howitzer  Britania Raya Modern
155 Royal Ordnance light towed howitzer  Britania Raya
155 Santa Bárbara Sistemas 155/52  Spanyol Modern
155 Soltam M-68 howitzer  Israel Perang Dingin
155 Soltam M-71 howitzer  Israel Perang Dingin
155 ATHOS 2052[1]  Israel Modern
155 TRF1  Prancis Modern
155 Trajan Nexter  Prancis Modern
155 Bofors FH77 (L38, L39, L45, L52)  Swedia Perang Dingin, Modern
155 Norinco AH4 howitzer 155 mm  Tiongkok Modern
155 CITER 155 mm L33 gun  Argentina Perang Dingin, Modern
155 Cañón 155 mm. L 45 CALA 30  Argentina Modern
155 Panter howitzer  Turki Modern
160 RML 6.3-inch howitzer  Britania Raya Second Boer War
173 17 cm Kanone 18  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
180 18 cm kurze Kanone M 80  Austria-Hungary 1881-1918
180-203 S-23  Soviet Union 1955–1971
182.9 BL 7.2-inch howitzer Mk.I to Mk.6  Britania Raya Perang Dunia II
203 BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I – V  Britania Raya Perang Dunia I
203 BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII  Britania Raya Perang Dunia I, II
203 M115 howitzer, 8 inch M1  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II, Perang Dingin
203 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4)  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
210 Obice da 210/22  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia II
210 21 cm Mörser M. 16/18  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I, II
210 21 cm Kanone 39  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
210 210 mm gun M1939 (Br-17)  Cekoslowakia / USSR Perang Dunia II
211 21 cm Mörser 99  German Empire Perang Dunia I
211 21 cm Versuchmörser 06  German Empire Perang Dunia I
211 21 cm Mörser 10  German Empire Perang Dunia I
211 21 cm Mörser 16  German Empire Perang Dunia I
211 21 cm Mrs 18  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
220 220 mm TR mle 1915/1916  Prancis Perang Dunia I, II
233.7 BL 9.2-inch howitzer  UK Perang Dunia I, II
240 24 cm Mörser M 98  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
240 M1918 240 mm howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia I
240 240 mm howitzer M1  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II, Korean War
280 28 cm howitzer L/10  Jepang Russo-Japanese War, Perang Dunia I, II
240 Type 45 240 mm howitzer  Jepang Perang Dunia II
240 Type 96 24 cm howitzer  Jepang Perang Dunia II
280 M65 atomic cannon, Atomic Annie  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
283 28 cm Haubitze L/12  German Empire Perang Dunia I
283 28 cm Haubitze L/14 i.R.  German Empire Perang Dunia I
305 Skoda 305 mm Model 1911  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I
305 Obice da 305/17  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia I
305 BL 12-inch howitzer  United Kingdom Perang Dunia I, II
305 305 mm howitzer M1939 (Br-18)  Cekoslowakia,  Uni Soviet Perang Dunia II
305 30,5 cm Kusthaubits m/16  Swedia Perang Dunia I, II
381 BL 15-inch howitzer  United Kingdom Perang Dunia I
420 42 cm Haubitze M-Gerät  German Empire Perang Dunia I
420 42 cm Haubitze M. 14/16/17  Austria-Hungary Perang Dunia I, II

Howitzer gerak sendiri[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kaliber (mm) Nama senjata Negara Asal Penggunaan
75 M8 howitzer motor carriage  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
75 Semovente da 75/18  Kingdom of Italy Perang Dunia II
75 Sav m/43  Swedia Perang Dunia II
83.8 Birch gun  Britania Raya Interwar
87.6 Bishop  Britania Raya Perang Dunia II
87.6 Sexton  Kanada Perang Dunia II
94 Ordnance QF 95 mm howitzer on Cromwell, Centaur and Churchill CS tanks  Britania Raya Perang Dunia II
105 Sav m/43  Swedia Perang Dingin
105 Ikv 102/103  Swedia Perang Dingin
105 FV433 Abbot SPG  Britania Raya Perang Dingin
105 K105A1  Korea Selatan Modern
105 StuH 42  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
105 M7 Priest  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
105 Wespe  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
105 Type 74 105 mm self-propelled howitzer  Jepang Perang Dingin
105 M425  Thailand Modern
105 M37 howitzer motor carriage  Amerika Serikat 1944–1953
105 M52 self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
105 M108 self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
105 Mk 61 105 mm self-propelled howitzer  Prancis Perang Dingin
114 BT-42  Finlandia Perang Dunia II
122 2S1 Gvodzika / M1974  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin - Modern
122 Type 54 SPA  Tiongkok
122 Raad 1  Iran Modern
122 PLZ-07  Tiongkok Modern
122 Type 85 SPA  Tiongkok
122 PLZ-89  Tiongkok Modern
122 PCL-171  Tiongkok Modern
122 PCL-161  Tiongkok Modern
122 SORA self-propelled howitzer  Serbia Modern
122/150 Mareșal  Kingdom of Romania Perang Dunia II
130 Arjun Mk 1 chassis - M-46 Catapult System  India Modern
150 Bison  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
150 Sturmpanzer II  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
150 Grille  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
150 Hummel  Nazi Germany Perang Dunia II
150 Type 4 Ho-Ro  Jepang Perang Dunia II
152 Type 83 SPH  Tiongkok 1983-1990
152 Nora B-52  Serbia Modern
152 2S43  Rusia Modern
152 152 mm ShKH-77 Dana (SpGH Mk.1977)  Cekoslowakia Perang Dingin
152 2S5 Giatsint  Uni Soviet 1978–present
152.4 2S3 Akatsiya / M1973  Uni Soviet 1971–present
152.4 2S19 MSTA-S  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
152.4 or 155 2S35 Koalitsiya-SV  Rusia Modern
155 155 mm ShKH Zuzana 2000 (SpGH Model 2000)  Slowakia Modern
155 EVA  Slowakia Modern
155 Artillery Gun Module  Jerman Modern
155 ARCHER Artillery System  Swedia Modern
155 AS-90  Britania Raya Modern
155 CAESAR  Prancis Modern
155 KRAB howitzer 155 mm  Polandia Modern
155 AMX-13 Mk F3  Prancis 1962 – present
155 Raad 2  Iran Modern
155 K9 Thunder  Korea Selatan Modern
155 M12 gun motor carriage  Amerika Serikat 1942-1945
155 M40 gun motor carriage  Amerika Serikat 1945–Perang Dingin
155 M41 howitzer motor carriage  Amerika Serikat 1944–1953
155 M44 self propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
155 M52T  Turki /  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin / Modern
155 M53 self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
155 M109 series self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
155 XM2001 Crusader (cancelled)  Amerika Serikat Modern
155 Palmaria  Italia Perang Dingin
155 PzH 2000  Jerman Modern
155 Rascal light SPH  Israel Modern
155 ATMOS 2000  Israel Modern
155 SSPH Primus  Singapore Modern
155 G6 howitzer  Afrika Selatan Modern
155 Type 75 155 mm self-propelled howitzer  Jepang 1975–present
155 Type 99 155 mm self-propelled howitzer  Jepang Modern
155 Type 88 / PLZ-45  Tiongkok ???
155 PLZ-05  Tiongkok Modern
155 PCL-181  Tiongkok Modern
155 AMX 30 AuF1  Prancis 1977 – present
155 T-155 Firtina  Turki /  Korea Selatan Modern
155 TAM VCA Palmaria  Argentina /  Italia Modern
155 Slammer (Sholef)  Israel Modern
155 Bandkanon 1  Swedia Perang Dingin
155 M109 KAWEST  Swiss Modern
170 M-1978 Koksan  Korea Utara Modern
175 M107 self-propelled gun  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
203 2S7 Pion  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
203 M43 howitzer motor carriage  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
203 M55 self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
203 M110 self-propelled howitzer  Amerika Serikat Perang Dingin
210 Al-Fao  Irak Perang Dingin
240 T92 howitzer motor carriage  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
280 Mortier 280 mm TR de Schneider sur affût-chenilles St Chamond  Prancis Perang Dunia II
406 2A3 Kondensator 2P  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin
420 2B1 Oka  Uni Soviet Perang Dingin

Fixed howitzer[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kaliber (mm) Nama senjata Negara Asal Penggunaan
53 5,3 cm L24 Kanone 1887  Switzerland 19th century
75 7,5 cm L30 Kanone 1903

(Dailly-Aiguille, based on Krupp Model 03)

 Switzerland early 20th centuy
75 7,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 38.  Switzerland Perang Dunia II
75 7,5 cm L30 Befestigungskanone 39.  Switzerland Perang Dunia II
84 8,4 cm Kanone 1871/88  Switzerland 19th century
84 8,4 cm Krupp Kanone 1880

(Dailly, Airolo, Stuei)

 Switzerland 19th century
105 10,5 cm L42 Festungkanone 1935, K+W Thun.  Switzerland Perang Dunia II
105 10,5 cm L52 Turmkanone 1939  Switzerland Perang Dunia II
150 Krupp 1877 (Dailly) [2]  Switzerland 19th century
150 15 cm L42 Bunkerkanone 1942/46, K+W Thun,  Switzerland Perang Dunia II
150 15 cm L42 Turmkanone 1958, K+W Thun.  Switzerland Perang Dingin
155 Bison Fortress artillery 93 (15.5 cm L52)  Switzerland Modern
406 16-inch howitzer M1920  Amerika Serikat Perang Dunia II
420 42 cm Gamma-Gerät  German Empire Nazi Germany Perang Dunia I

Perang Dunia II

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ https://elbitsystems.com/media/ATHOS_3_Web.pdf
  2. ^ Vacant (2016-12-05). "1877 CANON 15 CM FRETTÉ KRUPP". ASMEM (dalam bahasa Prancis). Diakses tanggal 2023-07-31. 
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