Daftar Khalifah Abbasiyah
Tampilan
Khalifah Abbasiyah adalah pemangku gelar khalifah Islam dari Dinasti Abbasiyah, yang merupakan keturunan Suku Quraisy dari jalur Abbas bin Abdul Muthalib, yang tidak lain adalah paman Nabi Muhammad saw.
Khalifah Abbasiyah (750–1258)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Daftar Khalifah Abbasiyah yang bertahta di Baghdad.[1] [2]
No. | Periode | Gelar | Nama | Ayah-Ibu | Kejadian Penting |
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1 | 750 – 8 Juni 754 | As-Saffah | Abū ʿAbbās ʿAbdullāh bin Muḥammad As-Saffah |
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2 | 10 Juni 754 – 775 | Al-Mansyūr | Abū Jaʿfar ʿAbd Allāh |
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3 | 775 – 4 Agustus 785 | Al-Mahdī | Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad |
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4 | Agustus 785 – 14 September 786 | Al-Hādī | Abū Muḥammad Mūsā |
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5 | 14 September 786 – 24 Maret 809 | Harun Al-Rasyīd | Hārūn |
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6 | Maret 809 – 24/25 September 813 | Al-Amīn | Abū Mūsā Muḥammad |
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7 | September 813 – 9 Agustus 833 | Al-Maʾmūn | Abū'l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh |
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8 | 9 Agustus 833 – 5 Januari 842 | Al-Muʿtaṣim | Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad |
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9 | 5 Januari 842 – 10 Agustus 847 | Al-Wāthiq | Abū Jaʿfar Hārūn |
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10 | 10 Agustus 847 – 11 Desember 861 | Al-Mutawakkil | Jaʿfar |
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11 | 861 – 7/8 Juni 862 | Al-Muntasir | Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad |
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12 | 862 – 866 | Al-Mustaʿīn | Aḥmad |
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13 | 866 – 869 | Al-Muʿtazz | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad |
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14 | 869 – 21 Juni 870 | Al-Muhtadī | Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad |
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15 | 21 Juni 870 – 15 Oktober 892 | Al-Muʿtamid | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad |
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16 | Oktober 892 – 5 April 902 | Al-Muʿtaḍid | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad |
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17 | 5 April 902 – 13 Agustus 908 | Al-Muktafī | Abū Muḥammad ʿAlī |
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18 | 13 Agustus 908 – 929 | Al-Muqtadir | Abū'l-Faḍl Jaʿfar |
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19 | 929 | Al-Qāhir | Abū al-Manṣūr Muḥammad |
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(18) | 929 – 31 Oktober 932 | Al-Muqtadir | Abū'l-Faḍl Jaʿfar |
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(19) | 31 Oktober 932 – 934 | Al-Qāhir | Abū al-Manṣūr Muḥammad |
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20 | 934 – 23 Desember 940 | Al-Rāḍī | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad/Muḥammad |
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21 | 940 – 944 | Al-Muttaqī | Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm |
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22 | September 944 – 29 Januari 946 | Al-Mustakfī | ʿAbdullāh |
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23 | 29 Januari 946 – 5 Agustus 974 | Al-Muthīʿ | Abū'l-Qāsim al-Faḍhl |
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24 | 974 – 991 | Al-Thāʾiʿ | Abd al-Karīm |
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25 | 1 November 991 – 29 November 1031 | Al-Qādir | Aḥmad |
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26 | 29 November 1031 – 2 April 1075 | Al-Qāʾim | Abu Ja'far Abdallah |
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27 | 2 April 1075 – Februari 1094 | Al-Muqtadī | Abū'l-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh |
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28 | Februari 1094 – 6 Agustus 1118 | Al-Mustaẓhir | Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad |
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29 | 6 Agustus 1118 – 29 Agustus 1135 | Al-Mustarsyid | Abū'l-Manṣūr al-Faḍl |
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30 | 29 Agustus 1135 – 1136 | Al-Rāsyid | Abu Jaʿfar al-Manshūr |
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31 | 1136 – 12 Maret 1160 | Al-Muqtafī | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad |
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32 | 12 Maret 1160 – 20 Desember 1170 | Al-Mustanjid | Abū'l-Muẓaffar Yūsuf |
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33 | 20 Desember 1170 – 30 Maret 1180 | Al-Mustaḍīʾ | al-Ḥasan |
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34 | 2 Maret 1180 – 4 Oktober 1225 | Al-Nāshir | Abu'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad |
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35 | 5 Oktober 1225 – 11 Juli 1226 | Al-Zhāhir | Abu Nasr Muḥammad |
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36 | 11 Juli 1226 – 2 Desember 1242 | Al-Mustanshir | Abū Jaʿfar al-Manṣūr |
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37 | 2 Desember 1242 – 20 Februari 1258 | Al-Mustaʿṣim | ʿAbd Allāh |
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Khalifah Abbasiyah di Kairo (1261–1517)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Daftar khalifah Abbasiyah yang bertahta di Kairo, yang sebagian besar berstatus penguasa seremonial di bawah perlindungan Kesultanan Mamluk pasca runtuhnya Dinasti Ayyubiyah.[14][15]
No. | Periode | Gelar | Nama | Ayah-Ibu | Kejadian Penting |
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1 | 13 Juni 1261 – 28 November 1261 | Al-Mustansyir II | Abū'l-Qāsim Aḥmad |
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2 | 16 November 1262 – 19 Januari 1302 | Al-Ḥākim I | Abū'l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad |
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3 | 20 Januari 1302 – Februari 1340 | Al-Mustakfī II | Abū ar-Rabīʾ Sulaymān |
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4 | Februari 1340 – 17 Juni 1341 | Al-Wāthiq II | Abū ʾIsḥāq ʾIbrāhīm |
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5 | 1341 – 1352 | Al-Ḥākim II | Abū'l-ʿAbbas ʾAḥmad |
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6 | 1352 – 1362 | Al-Muʿtadhid | Abū al-Fatḥ Abū Bakr |
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7 | 1362 – 1377 | Al-Mutawakkil I | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad |
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8 | 1377 | Al-Mustaʿsyim II | Abū Yaḥya Zakarīyāʾ |
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(7) | 1377 – 1383 | Al-Mutawakkil I | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad |
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9 | September 1383 – 13 November 1386 | Al-Wātsiq III | Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar |
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(8) | 1386 – 1389 | Al-Mustaʿsyim II | Abū Yaḥya Zakarīyāʾ |
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(7) | 1389 – 9 Januari 1406 | Al-Mutawakkil I | Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad |
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10 | 22 Januari 1406 – 9 Maret 1414 | Al-Mustaʿīn | Abū al-Faḍl al-ʿAbbas |
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11 | 1414 – 1441 | Al-Muʿtadhid III | Abū al-Fatḥ Dāwud |
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12 | 1441 – 29 Januari 1451 | Al-Mustakfī III | Abū al-Rabīʿ Sulaymān |
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13 | 1451 – 1455 | Al-Qāʾim II | Abū al-Baqāʾ Ḥamza |
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14 | 1455 – 7 April 1479 | al-Mustanjid bi-'llāh | Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf |
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15 | 5 April 1479 – 27 September 1497 | Al-Mutawakkil II | Abū al-ʿIzz ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz |
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16 | 1497 – 1508 | Al-Mustamsik | Abū al-Ṣabr Yaqūb |
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17 | 1508 – 1516 | Al-Mutawakkil III | Muḥammad |
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(16) | 1516 – 1517 | Al-Mustamsik | Abū al-Ṣabr Yaqūb |
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(17) | 1517 | Al-Mutawakkil III | Muḥammad |
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Silsilah
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "List of Rulers of the Islamic World | Lists of Rulers | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art". The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2023-06-30.
- ^ Hays, Jeffrey. "ABBASID RULERS (A.D. 750 to 1258) | Facts and Details". factsanddetails.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2023-06-30.
- ^ Aikin, John (1747). General biography: or, Lives, critical and historical, of the most eminent persons of all ages, countries, conditions, and professions, arranged according to alphabetical order. London: G. G. and J. Robinson. hlm. 201. ISBN 1333072457.
- ^ Bobrick 2012, hlm. 24.
- ^ Hurvitz 2002, hlm. 124; Zetterstéen & Pellat 1960, hlm. 271; Al-Tabari 1985–2007, v. 32: pp. 229-30; Ibn Khallikan 1842, hlm. 65.
- ^ Bosworth 1987, hlm. 222–223, 225.
- ^ Kennedy 2006, hlm. 232.
- ^ Cobb 2000, hlm. 821–822.
- ^ Zetterstéen 1987, hlm. 777.
- ^ "John I Tzimisces | Byzantine Empire, Military Campaigns, Iconoclasm | Britannica". www.britannica.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2024-10-16.
- ^ Bennison, Amira K. (2009) The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the 'Abbasid Empire. Princeton: Yale University Press, p. 47. ISBN 0300167989
- ^ Daftary, Farhad (1992). The Isma'ilis: Their History and Doctrines (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 384. ISBN 978-0-521-42974-0.
- ^ Hanne, Eric J. (2007). Putting the Caliph in His Place: Power, Authority, and the Late Abbasid Caliphate. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. hlm. 204. ISBN 978-0-8386-4113-2.
- ^ Bosworth 2004, p. 7
- ^ Houtsma & Wensinck 1993, p. 3
Catatan Kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Bobrick, Benson (2012). The Caliph's Splendor: Islam and the West in the Golden Age of Baghdad. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1416567622.
- Houtsma, M. Th.; Wensinck, A. J. (1993). E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913–1936. IX. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-09796-4.
- Lane-Poole, Stanley (1894). The Mohammedan Dynasties: Chronological and Genealogical Tables with Historical Introductions. Westminster: Archibald Constable and Company. OCLC 1199708.
- Hurvitz, Nimrod (2002). The Formation of Hanbalism: Piety into Power. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-7007-1507-X.
- The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume I: A–B. BRILL. 1960. ISBN 90-04-08114-3.
- Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir (1985–2007). Ehsan Yar-Shater, ed. The History of Al-Ṭabarī. 40 vols. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
- Kennedy, Hugh (2006). When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World: The Rise and Fall of Islam's Greatest Dynasty. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306814808.
- Zetterstéen (1987). E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Volume VI: Morocco–Ruzzik. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-08265-6.
- Bennison, Amira K. (2009) The Great Caliphs: The Golden Age of the 'Abbasid Empire. Princeton: Yale University Press, p. 47. ISBN 0300167989