Yahudi-Ceko
Židé v Českých zemích Juden der böhmischen Länder (יהדות בוהמיה (צ'כיה בעמישע יידן | |
|---|---|
 Masyarakat Yahudi menghisap tembakau di Prague, dilukis oleh Mírohorský, 1885 | |
| Jumlah populasi | |
| 2,349[1] | |
| Daerah dengan populasi signifikan | |
| Bahasa | |
| Ceko, Jerman, Yiddish, Hebrew, Judeo-Czech | |
| Agama | |
| Yudaisme, Frankisme, Persaudaraan Yahudi | |
| Kelompok etnik terkait | |
| Yahudi, Yahudi Ashkenazi, Yahudi Slowakia, Yahudi-Austria, Yahudi-Jerman, Yahudi-Hongaria, Yahudi-Ukraina |
| Populasi Yahudi lokal | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tahun | Jumlah Pend. | ±% |
| 1921 | 35.699 | — |
| 1930 | 37.093 | +3.9% |
| 1991 | 218 | −99.4% |
| 2011 | 521 | +139.0% |
| 2021 | 2.349 | +350.9% |
| Sumber: [2][3][4] | ||
Yahudi-Ceko, secara historis tersebar di Wilayah Mahkota Bohemia, termasuk Republik Ceko (yaitu Bohemia, Moravia, dan di tenggara Silesia Ceko). Ada bukti bahwa orang Yahudi telah tinggal di Moravia dan Bohemia sejak abad ke-10.[5] Komunitas Yahudi berkembang pesat di Ceko khususnya pada abad ke-16 dan ke-17, dan di akhir abad ke-19 hingga awal abad ke-20. Yahudi lokal sebagian besar dibunuh saat Holocaust, atau diasingkan di berbagai tempat. Pada tahun 2021, diperkirakan hanya ada sekitar 2.300 orang Yahudi yang tinggal di Republik Ceko.
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ "SLDB 2021: Obyvatelstvo podle národnosti, jednotek věku a pohlaví". Public Database (dalam bahasa Cheska). Czech Statistical Office. Diakses tanggal 2023-02-10.
- ^ "YIVO | Czechoslovakia". Yivoencyclopedia.org. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-16.
- ^ "YIVO | Population and Migration: Population since World War I". Yivoencyclopedia.org. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-16.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-02-09. Diakses tanggal 2012-03-15.
- ^ "The Jews of the Czech Republic". The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot.
Daftar pustaka[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Čapková, Kateřina (2012). Czechs, Germans, Jews?: National Identity and the Jews of Bohemia. New York: Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-0-85745-475-1.
- Gruner, Wolf (2015). "Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia". Dalam Gruner, Wolf; Osterloh, Jörg. The Greater German Reich and the Jews: Nazi Persecution Policies in the Annexed Territories 1935-1945. War and Genocide. Diterjemahkan oleh Heise, Bernard. New York: Berghahn Books. hlm. 99–135. ISBN 978-1-78238-444-1.
- Rothkirchen, Livia (2006). The Jews of Bohemia and Moravia: Facing the Holocaust. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0803205024.
Bacaan lanjutan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Čapková, Kateřina; Kieval, Hillel J., ed. (2021). Prague and Beyond: Jews in the Bohemian Lands. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-9959-5.
- David, Zdenek V. (1996). "Hajek, Dubravius, and the Jews: A Contrast in Sixteenth-Century Czech Historiography". The Sixteenth Century Journal. 27 (4): 997–1013. doi:10.2307/2543905. ISSN 0361-0160. JSTOR 2543905.
- Gleixner, Johannes (2020). "Standard-bearers of Hussitism or Agents of Germanization?". Jews and Protestants: From the Reformation to the Present. De Gruyter. hlm. 137–160. doi:10.1515/9783110664713-010. ISBN 978-3-11-066471-3.
- Kieval, Hillel J. (1988). The making of Czech Jewry: national conflict and Jewish society in Bohemia, 1870-1918. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504057-9.
- Kieval, Hillel J. (2000). Languages of Community: The Jewish Experience in the Czech Lands. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21410-1.
- Labendz, Jacob Ari (2017). "Synagogues for sale: Jewish-State mutuality in the communist Czech lands, 1945–1970". Jewish Culture and History. 18 (1): 54–78. doi:10.1080/1462169X.2017.1278832.
- Sewering-Wollanek, Marlis; Belcher, Mark (2008). "The Rediscovery of the Jews: Czech History Books since 1989". Osteuropa. 58 (8/10): 289–299. ISSN 0030-6428. JSTOR 44934294.
- Szabó, Miloslav (2016). "Antijüdische Provokationen". S: I.M.O.N. Shoah: Intervention. Methods. Documentation. 3 (1): 132–135. ISSN 2408-9192.
- Vobecká, Jana (2013). Demographic Avant-Garde: Jews in Bohemia between the Enlightenment and the Shoah. Central European University Press. ISBN 978-615-5225-33-8.
- Wein, Martin (2015). History of the Jews in the Bohemian Lands. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-30127-6.