Mossad LeAliyah Bet

Mossad LeAliyah Bet (Ibrani: המוסד לעלייה ב', artinya Institusi untuk Imigrasi B) adalah sebuah cabang dari organisasi paramiliter Haganah di Palestina Mandat Britania, kemudian Negara Israel, yang beroperasi untuk memfasilitasi imigrasi Yahudi ke Palestina Britania. Pada masa Mandat, organisasi tersebut memfasilitasi imigrasi ilegal yang melanggar pembatasan pemerintahan Inggris.^[1] Organisasi tersebut beroprasi dari 1938 sampai empat tahun usai pendirian Negara Israel pada 1952.^[2] Organisasi tersebut didanai langsung oleh American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), dan bukan subyek untuk mengendalikan Badan Yahudi yang mengoperasikan departemen Aliyah mereka sendiri yang dikepalai oleh Yitzhak Rafael.^[3]

Yishuv merujuk kepada imigrasi sah sebagai "Aliyah Alef" (Alef adalah huruf pertama dari abjad Ibrani, seperti halnya huruf A pada abjad Latin), sementara imigrasi rahasia disebut sebagai "Aliyah Bet" (Bet adalah huruf kedua, seperti halnya B pada abjad Latin).

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Early Operations of Israeli Intelligence Diarsipkan 2012-02-29 di Wayback Machine. Jewish Agency for Israel
^ Haaretz, Why the Mossad must remain an intelligence service for all Jews. Quote: "Two units were designated as the successors to the Mossad Le'Aliyah Bet, which was disbanded in 1952. The more secret of the two was the Mossad's Bitzur unit, tasked with overseeing the immigration of Jews from countries where their lives were in danger as well as protecting Jewish communities in the Diaspora. The other, Nativ, encouraged immigration from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and after the fall of the Iron Curtain was charged with issuing immigration visas, establishing cultural centers and keeping track of any manifestations of anti-Semitism"
^ Hakohen, Devorah (2003). Immigrants in Turmoil: Mass Immigration to Israel and Its Repercussions in the 1950s and After. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. hlm. 33. ISBN 0-8156-2969-9.

Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]

The Mosad le-Aliya Bet (The Organization for "Illegal" Immigration) Operational Logbook - Paros 1947 (dalam bahasa Hebrew). Beer-Sheva, Israel: The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Press. 1991. ISBN 9653425803.
Venia Hadari, Zeev (1984). Refugees Defeating a Great Power (dalam bahasa Hebrew). Tel-Aviv, Israel: HaKibutz Hameuhchad & Ben Gurion University.

[1] Early Operations of Israeli Intelligence Diarsipkan 2012-02-29 di Wayback Machine. Jewish Agency for Israel

[2] Haaretz, Why the Mossad must remain an intelligence service for all Jews. Quote: "Two units were designated as the successors to the Mossad Le'Aliyah Bet, which was disbanded in 1952. The more secret of the two was the Mossad's Bitzur unit, tasked with overseeing the immigration of Jews from countries where their lives were in danger as well as protecting Jewish communities in the Diaspora. The other, Nativ, encouraged immigration from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and after the fall of the Iron Curtain was charged with issuing immigration visas, establishing cultural centers and keeping track of any manifestations of anti-Semitism"

[3] Hakohen, Devorah (2003). Immigrants in Turmoil: Mass Immigration to Israel and Its Repercussions in the 1950s and After. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. hlm. 33. ISBN 0-8156-2969-9.

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