Apocynaceae

Apocynaceae
	Apocynum cannabinum
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Divisi:	Magnoliophyta
Kelas:	Magnoliopsida
Ordo:	Gentianales
Famili:	Apocynaceae
Genera
	lihat teks.
Sinonim
	Asclepiadaceae Borkh. (nom. cons.); Periplocaceae Schltr. (nom. cons.); Plumeriaceae Horan.; Stapeliaceae Horan.; Vincaceae Vest; Willughbeiaceae J. Agardh;

Apocynaceae atau Suku kamboja-kambojaan adalah salah satu famili anggota tumbuhan berbunga. Menurut Sistem klasifikasi APG II suku ini termasuk dalam ordo Gentianales.

Daftar Genus[sunting | sunting sumber]

Terdapat sebanyak kurang lebih 1500 spesies tanaman dalam dalam beberapa genus pada 5 subfamili^[1] :

Subfamili Apocynoideae (Burnett, 1835)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Tribus Apocyneae (24 genera)
- - Beaumontia Wall. (5 species) - Indomalayan
  - Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li - S China
  - Vallaris Burm.f. - Indomalayan
  - Anodendron A.DC. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
  - Ixodonerium Pit. - Vietnam
  - Papuechites Markgr. - Oceanian
  - Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon - Indomalayan
  - Sindechites Oliv. - S China, Indochina
  - Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh. - S China, Indochina
  - Apocynum L. - Holarctic
  - Cleghornia Wight - Indomalayan
  - Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire - Indochina
  - Parameria Benth. - China, Indochina
  - Urceola Roxb. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
  - Chonemorpha G.Don - Indomalayan
  - Trachelospermum Lem. - Indomalayan
  - Vallariopsis Woodson - Malesia
  - Aganosma (Blume) G.Don - Indomalayan
  - Amalocalyx Pierre - S China, Indochina
  - Baharuia D.J.Middleton - Malesia
  - Epigynum Wight - Indomalayan
  - Ichnocarpus R.Br. - Indomalayan
  - Micrechites Miq. - Indomalayan, Oceanian
  - Pottsia Hook. & Arn.^[2] - Indomalayan

Tribus Baisseeae (4 genera)
- - Baissea A.DC. (18 species) - Afrotropical
  - Dewevrella De Wild. - W Africa
  - Motandra A.DC. - Afrotropical
  - Oncinotis Benth. (7 species) - Afrotropical

Tribus Echiteae (23 genera)
- - Angadenia Miers - Caribbean
  - Pentalinon Voigt - Neotropical
  - Salpinctes Woodson
  - Asketanthera Woodson - Caribbean
  - Macropharynx Rusby - S America
  - Peltastes Woodson - S America
  - Temnadenia Miers - S America
  - Bahiella J.F.Morales - Brazil
  - Echites P.Browne - Neotropical
  - Fernaldia Woodson - C America
  - Hylaea J.F.Morales - S America
  - Laubertia A.DC. - Neotropical
  - Prestonia R.Br. (63 species) - Neotropical
  - Artia Guillaumin (5 species) - New Caledonia
  - Ecua D.J.Middleton (1 species) - Indonesia
  - Parsonsia R.Br. (120 species; could belong to Periplocoideae) - Indomalayan, Oceanian
  - Thenardia Kunth (3 species) - C America
  - Thoreauea J.K.Williams^[3] (3 species) - S Mexico

Tribus Malouetieae (13 genera)
- - Allowoodsonia Markgr. (1 species) - Solomon Islands
  - Carruthersia Seem. (4 species) - Philippines, Oceania
  - Eucorymbia Stapf (1 species) - Sundaland
  - Funtumia Stapf (2 species) - Afrotropical
  - Galactophora Woodson (6 species) - S America
  - Holarrhena R.Br. (5 species) - Indomalayan
  - Kibatalia G.Don (15 species) - Indomalayan, Sulawesi
  - Malouetia A.DC. (31 species) - Pantropical
  - Mascarenhasia A.DC. (8 species) - Madagascar
  - Neobracea Britton (8 species) - Caribbean
  - Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species) - Afrotropical
  - Spirolobium Baill.^[4] (1 species) - Sundaland

Tribus Mesechiteae (50 genera)
- - Allomarkgrafia Woodson (9 species) - Neotropical
  - Forsteronia G.Mey. (45 species) - Neotropical
  - Mandevilla Lindl. (115 species) - Neotropical
  - Mesechites Müll.Arg. (8 species) - Neotropical
  - Tintinnabularia Woodson^[5] (3 species) - C America

Tribus Nerieae (6 genera)
- - Adenium Roem. & Schult. (5 species) - Afrotropical
  - Alafia Thouars (26 species) - Afrotropical
- Farquharia Stapf (1 species) - Afrotropical
  - Isonema R.Br. (3 species) - W Africa
  - Nerium L. (1 species) - Mediterranean
  - Strophanthus DC. (39 species) - Paleotropical

Tribus Odontadenieae (7 genera)
- - Cycladenia Benth. (1 species) - Southwestern North America
  - Elytropus Müll.Arg. (1 species) - Chile, Argentina
  - Odontadenia Benth. (20 species) - Neotropical
  - Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress (4 species) - Neotropical
  - Secondatia A.DC. (5 species) - Neotropical
  - Stipecoma Müll.Arg. (1 species) - Bolivia, Brazil
  - Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon (1 species) - Eastern North America

Tribus Rhabdadenieae (1 genus)
- - Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg. (3 species) - Nearctic

Tribus Wrightieae (3 genera)
- - Pleioceras Baill. (5 species) - Afrotropical
  - Stephanostema K.Schum. (1 species) - Tanzania
  - Wrightia R.Br. (23 species)^[6] - Paleotropical

Subfamili Asclepiadoideae (Burnett, 1835)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Tribus Asclepiadeae
- - Aidomene
  - Araujia
  - Asclepias
  - Aspidoglossum
  - Aspidonepsis
  - Astephanus
  - Barjonia
  - Blepharodon
  - Calciphila
  - Calotropis
  - Cordylogyne
  - Cynanchum
  - Diplolepis
  - Ditassa
  - Fanninia
  - Fischeria
  - Funastrum
  - Glossonema
  - Glossostelma
  - Gomphocarpus
  - Gonolobus
  - Graphistemma
  - Gyrostelma
  - Hemipogon
  - Holostemma
  - Hypolobus
  - Ibatia
  - Jobinia
  - Kanahia
  - Lachnostoma
  - Macroscepis
  - Mahawoa
  - Margaretta
  - Matelea
  - Merrillanthus
  - Metaplexis
  - Metastelma
  - Microloma
  - Minaria
  - Miraglossum
  - Monsanima
  - Morrenia
  - Nautonia
  - Nephradenia
  - Odontanthera
  - Odontostelma
  - Oncinema
  - Orthosia
  - Oxypetalum
  - Oxystelma
  - Pachycarpus
  - Parapodium
  - Pentacyphus
  - Pentarrhinum
  - Pentastelma
  - Pentatropis
  - Peplonia
  - Pergularia
  - Petalostelma
  - Phaeostemma
  - Pherotrichis
  - Philibertia
  - Pseudolachnostoma
  - Raphistemma
  - Rhyssostelma
  - Rhytidostemma
  - Rojasia
  - Schizoglossum
  - Schizostephanus
  - Schubertia
  - Scyphostelma
  - Seshagiria
  - Sichuania
  - Solenostemma
  - Stathmostelma
  - Stelmagonum
  - Stenomeria
  - Stenostelma
  - Tassadia
  - Trachycalymma
  - Tweedia
  - Tylodontia
  - Vincetoxicum
  - Widgrenia
  - Woodia
  - Xysmalobium

Tribus Ceropegieae.

- - Anisotoma
  - Anomalluma
  - Apteranthes
  - Australluma
  - Baynesia
  - Boucerosia
  - Brachystelma
  - Caralluma
  - Caudanthera
  - Ceropegia
  - Conomitra
  - Desmidorchis
  - Duvalia
  - Duvaliandra
  - Echidnopsis
  - Edithcolea
  - Emplectanthus
  - Heterostemma
  - Hoodia
  - Huernia
  - Larryleachia
  - Lavrania
  - Leptadenia
  - Monolluma
  - Neoschumannia
  - Notechidnopsis
  - Ophionella
  - Orbea
  - Orbeanthus
  - Orthanthera
  - Pectinaria
  - Pentasachme
  - Piaranthus
  - Pseudolithos
  - Quaqua
  - Rhytidocaulon
  - Richtersveldia
  - Riocreuxia
  - Sisyranthus
  - Socotrella
  - Stapelia
  - Stapelianthus
  - Stapeliopsis
  - Tavaresia
  - Tridentea
  - Tromotriche
  - Whitesloanea

Tribus Eustegieae
- - Eustegia
  - Emicocarpus

Tribus Fockeeae
- - Cibirhiza
  - Fockea

Tribus Marsdenieae
- - Anatropanthus
  - Anisopus
  - Asterostemma
  - Campestigma
  - Cathetostemma
  - Cionura
  - Cosmostigma
  - Dischidia
  - Dolichopetalum
  - Gongronema
  - Gunnessia
  - Gymnema
  - Heynella
  - Hoya
  - Jasminanthes
  - Lygisma
  - Marsdenia
  - Oreosparte
  - Pycnorhachis
  - Rhyssolobium
  - Ruehssia
  - Sarcolobus
  - Stephanotis
  - Stigmatorhynchus
  - Telosma
  - Treutlera
  - Wattakaka

Subfamili Periplocoideae (Endl.,)[sunting | sunting sumber]

- - Atherandra Decne.
  - Baroniella Costantin & Gallaud
  - Baseonema Schltr. & Rendle
  - Batesanthus N.E.Br.
  - Buckollia Venter & R.L.Verh.
  - Camptocarpus Decne.
  - Cryptolepis R.Br.
  - Cryptostegia R.Br.
  - Decalepis Wight & Arn.
  - Ectadium E.Mey.
  - Epistemma D.V.Field & J.B.Hall
  - Finlaysonia Wall.
  - Gymnanthera R.Br.
  - Hemidesmus R.Br.
  - Ischnolepis Jum. & H.Perrier
  - Kappia Venter, A.P.Dold & R.L.Verh.
  - Maclaudia Venter & R.L.Verh.
  - Mondia Skeels
  - Myriopteron Griff.
  - Parquetina Baill.
  - Pentopetia Decne.
  - Periploca L.
  - Petopentia Bullock
  - Phyllanthera Blume
  - Raphionacme Harv.
  - Sacleuxia Baill. (sometimes included in Cryptolepis)
  - Sarcorrhiza Bullock
  - Schlechterella K.Schum.
  - Stomatostemma N.E. Br. (sometimes included in Cryptolepis)
  - Streptocaulon Wight & Arn.
  - Tacazzea Decne.
  - Telectadium Baill.
  - Zygostelma Benth.

Subfamili Rauvolfioideae (Kostel., 1834^[7])[sunting | sunting sumber]

Tribus Aspidospermateae (Miers, 1878)
- - Aspidosperma Mart. & Zucc., 1924
  - Geissospermum Allemão, 1846
  - Haplophyton A.DC., 1844
  - Microplumeria Baill., 1899
  - Strempeliopsis Benth., 1876
  - Vallesia Ruiz & Pav., 1794
Tribus Alstonieae (G. Don, 1837)

Alstonia R. Br., 1810
Dyera Hook. F., 1882

Tribus Vinceae (Duby, 1828)
- subtribus Kopsiinae Leeuwenb., 1994
  - Kopsia Blume, 1823
- subtribus Ochrosiinae Pichon ex Boiteau, 1981
  - Ochrosia Juss, 1789
- subtribus Tonduziinae M.E. Endress, 2014
  - Laxoplumeria Markgr., 1926
  - Tonduzia Pittier, 1908
- subtribus Vincinae M.E. Endress, 2014
  - Vinca L., 1853
- subtribus Catharanthinae Pichon ex Boiteau, 1981
  - Catharanthus G. Don, 1837
  - Kamettia Kostel., 1834
  - Petchia Livera, 1926
- subtribus Rauvolfiinae Benth. & Hook.f., 1876
  - Rauvolfia L., 1753
Tribus Willughbeieae (A.DC., 1844)
- subtribus Leuconotidinae Pichon ex Leeuwenb., 1994
  - Bousigonia Pierre, 1898
  - Cyclocotyla Stapf, 1908
  - Leuconotis Jack, 1823
- subtribus Willughbeiinae A.DC., 1844
  - Willughbeia Roxb., 1820
- subtribus Lacmelleinae Pichon ex Leeuwenb., 1994
  - Couma Aubl., 1775
  - Hancornia Gomes, 1803
  - Lacmellea H. Karst., 1857
  - Parahancornia Ducke, 1922
- subtribus Landolphiinae K. Schum., 1895
  - Ancylobothrys Pierre, 1898
  - Chamaeclitandra (Stapf) Pichon, 1953
  - Clitandra Benth., 1849
  - Cylindropsis Pierre, 1898
  - Dictyophleba Pierre, 1898
  - Landolphia P. Beauv., 1804
  - Orthopichonia H. Huber, 1962
  - Pacouria Aubl., 1775
  - Saba (Pichon) Pichon, 1953
  - Vahadenia Stapf, 1902
Tribus Tabernaemontaneae (G. Don, 1838)
- subtribus Ambelaniinae A.O. Simões & M.E. Endress, 2010
  - Ambelania Aubl., 1775
  - Macoubea Aubl., 1775
  - Molongum Pichon, 1948
  - Mucoa Zarucchi, 1988
  - Neocouma Pierre, 1898
  - Rhigospira Miers, 1878
  - Spongiosperma Zarucchi, 1988
- subtribus Tabernaemontaninae A.DC., 1844
  - Callichilia Stapf, 1902
  - Calocrater K. Schum., 1895
  - Carvalhoa K. Schum., 1895
  - Crioceras Pierre, 1897
  - Schizozygia Baill., 1888
  - Tabernaemontana L., 1753
  - Tabernanthe Baill., 1888
  - Voacanga Thouars, 1806
Tribus Melodineae (G. Don, 1837)
- - Diplorhynchus Welw. ex Ficalho & Hiern., 1881
  - Craspidospermum Bojer ex A. DC., 1844
  - Melodinus J.R. Forst. & G. Forst., 1776
  - Pycnobotrya Benth., 1876
  - Stephanostegia Baill., 1888
Tribus Hunterieae (Miers, 1878)
- - Gonioma E. Mey., 1938
  - Hunteria Roxb., 1824
  - Picralima Pierre, 1896
  - Pleiocarpa Benth., 1876
Tribus Amsonieae (M.E. Endress, 2014)
- - Amsonia Walter, 1788
Tribus Alyxieae (G. Don, 1837)
- subtribus Condylocarpinae Pichon ex Leeuwenb., 1994
  - Chilocarpus Blume, 1895
  - Condylocarpon Desf., 1822
  - Plectaneia Thouars, 1806
- subtribus Alyxiinae A.DC., 1844
  - Alyxia Banks ex R. Br., 1810
  - Lepinia Decne., 1849
  - Lepiniopsis Valeton, 1895
  - Pteralyxia K. Schum., 1895
Tribus Plumerieae (E. Mey., 1838)
- subtribus Allamandinae A.DC., 1844
  - Allamanda L., 1771
- subtribus Plumeriinae Pichon ex Leeuwenb., 1994
  - Himatanthus Willd. ex. Schult., 1819
  - Mortoniella Woodson, 1939
  - Plumeria L., 1753
- subtribus Thevetiinae A.DC., 1844
  - Anechites Griseb., 1861
  - Cameraria L., 1753
  - Cerbera L., 1753
  - Cerberiopsis Viell. ex Pancher & Sébert, 1874
  - Skytanthus Meyen, 1834
  - Thevetia L., 1758
Tribus Carisseae (Dumort, 1829)
- - Acokanthera G. Don, 1838
  - Carissa L., 1767

Subfamili Secamonoideae (Endl., 1838)[sunting | sunting sumber]

- - Calyptranthera Klack., 1996
  - Genianthus Hook. f., 1883
  - Goniostemma Wight, 1834
  - Pervillaea Decne., 1844
  - Secamone R. Br., 1810
  - Secamonopsis Jum., 1908
  - Toxocarpus Wight & Arn., 1834
  - Trichosandra Decne., 1844

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Artikel bertopik botani ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

^ Nazia Nazar, David J. Goyder, James J. Clarkson, Tariq Mahmood and Mark W. Chase, 2013, "The taxonomy and systematics of Apocynaceae: Where we stand in 2012," Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 171(3, March), pp. 482–490, see [1], accessed 22 June 2015.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.
^ "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.
^ Endress ME, Liede-Schumann S, Meve U (2014) An updated classification for Apocynaceae. Phytotaxa 159(3): 175–194.

[NazarChase13-1] Nazia Nazar, David J. Goyder, James J. Clarkson, Tariq Mahmood and Mark W. Chase, 2013, "The taxonomy and systematics of Apocynaceae: Where we stand in 2012," Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 171(3, March), pp. 482–490, see [1], accessed 22 June 2015.

[2] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.

[3] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.

[4] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.

[5] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.

[6] "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Diakses tanggal 2010-11-26.

[7] Endress ME, Liede-Schumann S, Meve U (2014) An updated classification for Apocynaceae. Phytotaxa 159(3): 175–194.

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