Apatit

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Apatite group
Umum
KategoriPhosphate mineral
Rumus kimiaCa5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Klasifikasi Strunz08.BN.05
Identifikasi
WarnaTransparent to translucent, usually green, less often colorless, yellow, blue to violet, pink, brown.[1]
PerawakanTabular, prismatic crystals, massive, compact or granular
Sistem kristalHexagonal dipyramidal (6/m)[2]
Belahan[0001] indistinct, [1010] indistinct[2]
PecahanConchoidal to uneven[1]
Kekerasan (Skala Mohs)5[1] (defining mineral)
KilapVitreous[1] to subresinous
GoresWhite
DiafaneitasTransparent to translucent[2]
Berat jenis3.16–3.22[2]
Kilapan polesVitreous[1]
Sifat optikDouble refractive, uniaxial negative[1]
Indeks bias1.634–1.638 (+0.012, −0.006)[1]
Bias ganda0.002–0.008[1]
PleokroismeBlue stones – strong, blue and yellow to colorless. Other colors are weak to very weak.[1]
Dispersi0.013[1]
Fluoresens ultravioletYellow stones – purplish-pink, which is stronger in long wave; blue stones – blue to light-blue in both long and short wave; green stones – greenish-yellow, which is stronger in long wave; violet stones – greenish-yellow in long wave, light-purple in short wave.[1]

Apatit adalah kelompok mineral fosfat, biasanya mengacu hidroksilapatit, fluorapatit dan klorapatit, dengan konsentrasi tinggi ion OH−, F− dan Cl−, secara berurutan, dalam kristal. Rumus dari campuran dari empat endmembers paling umum ditulis sebagai Ca10(PO4)6(OH,F,Cl)2, dan rumus satuan kristal sel mineral individu ditulis sebagai Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, Ca10(PO4)6(F)2 and Ca10(PO4)6(Cl)2.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Gemological Institute of America, GIA Gem Reference Guide 1995, ISBN 0-87311-019-6
  2. ^ a b c d Apatite. Webmineral
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