Focke-Wulf Fw 190

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Fw 190
Fw 190A-3 milik Stab. 7./JG2, Juni 1942.[N 1]
Jenis Pesawat tempur
Pembuat Kebanyakan di Focke-Wulf Flugzeugbau AG; namun juga di AGO, Arado, Fieseler, Mimetall, Norddeutsche Dornier dan lainnya
Perancang Kurt Tank
Penerbangan perdana 1 Juni 1939
Diperkenalkan Agustus 1941
Dipensiunkan 9 Mei 1945 (Luftwaffe)
1949 (Turki)
Pengguna utama Luftwaffe
Angkatan Udara Hungaria
Angkatan Udara Turki
Dibuat 1941–1945; 1996: 16 reproduksi
Jumlah Lebih dari 20.000[2]
Varian Ta 152

Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Würger (Inggris: Shrike) adalah sebuah pesawat tempur berkursi tunggal dan bermesin tunggal buatan Jerman yang dirancang oleh Kurt Tank pada akhir tahun 1930-an dan digunakan selama Perang Dunia II. Walaupun kalah tenar dengan Bf-109, Fw 190 lebih ditakuti oleh para pilot Sekutu. Bersama dengan Bf-109, Fw 190 menjadi salah satu tulang punggung Jagdwaffe (pasukan tempur) Luftwaffe. Mesin radial BMW 801 yang dipakainya menjadikan Fw 190 mampu untuk terbang pada misi siang hari atau malam hari. Selain itu Fw 190 juga mampu berperan sebagai pesawat tempur-pengebom dan penyerang pasukan darat.

Pesawat ini sempat merajai langit Eropa Barat selama 2 tahun sebelum datangnya pesawat P-51 Mustang. Fw 190 sangat disukai oleh pilotnya, beberapa penerbang ulung Jerman dengan rekor tertinggi banyak meraih skor bunuh dengan pesawat ini, seperti Otto Kittel, Walter Nowotny, dan Erich Rudorffer.

Spesifikasi (Fw 190 A-8)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Ciri-ciri umum[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Kru: 1
  • Panjang: 8.95 m (29 ft 4 in)
  • Rentang sayap: 10.506 m (34 ft 6 in)
  • Tinggi: 3.15 m (10 ft 4 in)
  • Luas sayap: 18.3 m2 (197 sq ft)
  • Airfoil:
    • Root: NACA 23015.3
    • Tip: NACA 23009
  • Berat kosong: 3,200 kg (7,055 lb)
  • Berat isi: 4,417 kg (9,738 lb)
  • Berat maksimum saat lepas landas: 4,900 kg (10,803 lb)
  • Kapasitas bahan bakar: 639 L
  • Mesin: 1 × Mesin piston radial BMW 801D-2 14-cylinder air-cooled 1,700 PS (1,677 hp; 1,250 kW) dan mencapai 1,980 PS (1,953 hp; 1,456 kW) di 1.65 ata selama 10 menit tenaga darurat ("erhöhter Notleistung")
  • Baling-baling: Baling-baling kecepatan konstan 3 bilah

Kinerja[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Laju maksimum: 652 km/h (405 mph, 352 kn) di ketinggian 5,919 m (19,420 ft)
  • Jangkauan: 900–1,000 km (560–620 mi, 490–540 nmi)
  • Jangkauan tempur: 400–500 km (250–310 mi, 220–270 nmi)
  • Jangkauan feri: 900–1,000 km (560–620 mi, 490–540 nmi) ~1800–2000 km dengan tangki bahan bakar tambahan.
  • Langit-langit batas: 10,350 m (33,960 ft)
  • Laju tanjak: 15 m/s (3,000 ft/min)
  • Beban sayap: 241 kg/m2 (49 lb/sq ft)
  • Rasio tenaga-berat: 0.29–0.33 kW/kg (0.18–0.20 hp/lb)

Persenjataan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Senjata api:
    • 2 x 13 mm (.51 in) Senapan mesin MG 131 dengan 475 peluru per senapan tersinkronisasi.
    • 4 x 20 mm Meriam MG 151/20 E dengan 250 peluru per senapan di akar sayap (tersinkronisasi) dan 140 peluru per senapan di tengah sayap (tembak bebas).
  • Bom: 1 buah bom di bawah badan pesawat atau 4 buah bom di bawah sayap.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Catatan kaki[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ A-3 ini didaratkan secara tak sengaja oleh Oblt Armin Faber di RAF Pembrey pada 23 Juni 1942, manjadi Fw 190 pertama yang ditangkap dan dianalisis oleh RAF.[1]

Kutipan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Ramsey 1990, p. 147.
  2. ^ Angelucci, Enzo (1988). Combat aircraft of World War II. hlm. 50. ISBN 0-517-64179-8. 

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Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Templat:Kurt Tank aircraft

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