Carpinus

Carpinus; Rentang waktu: 49.42–0 jtyl PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Ypresium–Kini
	Dedaunan Carpinus Eropa
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Klad:	Tracheophyta
Klad:	Angiospermae
Klad:	Eudikotil
Klad:	Rosidae
Ordo:	Fagales
Famili:	Betulaceae
Subfamili:	Coryloideae
Genus:	Carpinus; L. (1753)
Sinonim
	Distegocarpus Siebold & Zucc. (1846)

Carpinus adalah pohon kayu keras dalam keluarga Betulaceae. Sebanyak 30–40 spesies terdapat di sebagian besar wilayah beriklim sedang di Belahan Bumi Utara.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[2]^[15]

Referensi

↑ "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}
1 2 "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
↑ Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "Corylus, Carpinus, and Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (5): 807–822. doi:10.1086/376816. S2CID 19802370.
↑ Forest, F.; Savolainen, V.; Chase, M. W.; Lupia, R.; Bruneau, A.; Crane, P. R. (2005). "Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae)". Systematic Botany. 30 (1): 118–133. doi:10.1600/0363644053661850. S2CID 86080433.
↑ Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (Edisi Third). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521707725.
↑ Cutler, Tony. The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees. Lorenz Books, [London, England?]. ISBN 0754834751.
↑ "Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) | Nebraska Forest Service". nfs.unl.edu.
↑ The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs. ISBN 1015282601.
↑ Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, 鹅耳枥属 e er li shu, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753.
↑ Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754.
↑ "Carpinus betulus L." Altervista Flora Italiana.
↑ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". Biota of North America Program.
↑ Carpinus betulus. 2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235.
↑ Miscellaneous Publication. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1972. hlm. 297.
↑ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Eichhorn, Markus; Haran, Brady (2011-12-01). "The Hornbeam's Heartbeat". test-tube.org.uk. University of Nottingham. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-30.

[KewChecklist-1] "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}

[kewchecklist-2] 1 2 "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

[Pigg2003-3] Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "Corylus, Carpinus, and Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (5): 807–822. doi:10.1086/376816. S2CID 19802370.

[Forest2005-4] Forest, F.; Savolainen, V.; Chase, M. W.; Lupia, R.; Bruneau, A.; Crane, P. R. (2005). "Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae)". Systematic Botany. 30 (1): 118–133. doi:10.1600/0363644053661850. S2CID 86080433.

[Stace-5] Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (Edisi Third). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521707725.

[6] Cutler, Tony. The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees. Lorenz Books, [London, England?]. ISBN 0754834751.

[7] "Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) | Nebraska Forest Service". nfs.unl.edu.

[8] The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs. ISBN 1015282601.

[9] Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, 鹅耳枥属 e er li shu, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753.

[10] Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754.

[11] "Carpinus betulus L." Altervista Flora Italiana.

[12] "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". Biota of North America Program.

[GardenPlants-13] Carpinus betulus. 2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235.

[MP-14] Miscellaneous Publication. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1972. hlm. 297.

[nottingham_science-15] Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Eichhorn, Markus; Haran, Brady (2011-12-01). "The Hornbeam's Heartbeat". test-tube.org.uk. University of Nottingham. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-30.

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Basis data pengawasan otoritas
Internasional	GND
Nasional	Amerika Serikat Prancis Data BnF Republik Ceko Latvia Israel
Lain-lain	NARA Yale LUX