Karpinus
| Karpinus
| |
|---|---|
| Carpinus | |
 European hornbeam foliage | |
| Tumbuhan | |
| Jenis buah | nucule |
| Taksonomi | |
| Divisi | Tracheophyta |
| Subdivisi | Spermatophytes |
| Klad | Angiospermae |
| Klad | mesangiosperms |
| Klad | eudicots |
| Klad | core eudicots |
| Klad | Superrosidae |
| Klad | rosids |
| Klad | fabids |
| Ordo | Fagales |
| Famili | Betulaceae |
| Subfamili | Coryloideae |
| Genus | Carpinus Linnaeus, 1753 |
| Tipe taksonomi | Carpinus betulus |
| Tata nama | |
| Sinonim takson | Distegocarpus Siebold & Zucc[1] |
Carpinus atau karpinus adalah pohon kayu keras dalam keluarga Betulaceae. Sebanyak 30–40 spesies terdapat di sebagian besar wilayah beriklim sedang di Belahan Bumi Utara.[2][3][4][5][6][7][1][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][1]
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ a b c "Carpinus L., Sp. Pl.: 998 (1753)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Pigg, K.B.; Manchester, S.R.; Wehr, W.C. (2003). "Corylus, Carpinus, and Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Middle Eocene Klondike Mountain and Allenby Formations of Northwestern North America". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 164 (5): 807–822. doi:10.1086/376816.
- ^ Forest, F.; Savolainen, V.; Chase, M. W.; Lupia, R.; Bruneau, A.; Crane, P. R. (2005). "Teasing apart molecular- versus fossil-based error estimates when dating phylogenetic trees: a case study in the birch family (Betulaceae)". Systematic Botany. 30 (1): 118–133. doi:10.1600/0363644053661850.
- ^ Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (edisi ke-Third). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521707725.
- ^ Cutler, Tony. The world encyclopedia of trees : a reference and identification guide to 1300 of the world's most significant trees. Lorenz Books, [London, England?]. ISBN 0754834751.
- ^ "Hornbeam, American (Musclewood) | Nebraska Forest Service". nfs.unl.edu.
- ^ The complete encyclopedia of trees of the world : the ultimate reference and identification guide to more than 1300 of the most spectacular, best-loved and unusual trees around the globe, with 3000 specially commissioned illustrations, maps and photographs. ISBN 1015282601.
- ^ Flora of China, Vol. 4 Page 289, 鹅耳枥属 e er li shu, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753.
- ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 3, Hornbeam, Carpinus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 998. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 432, 1754.
- ^ "Carpinus betulus L". Altervista Flora Italiana.
- ^ "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". Biota of North America Program.
- ^ Carpinus betulus. 2.nd Ed., The Royal Horticultural Society, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, London, pp. 234, 235.
- ^ Miscellaneous Publication. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1972. hlm. 297.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Eichhorn, Markus; Haran, Brady (2011-12-01). "The Hornbeam's Heartbeat". test-tube.org.uk. University of Nottingham. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-30.