Equisetopsida: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k Robot: Perubahan kosmetika |
Hidayatsrf (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler |
||
| Baris 18: | Baris 18: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Equisetopsida''', atau '''Sphenopsida''' di kalangan [[paleobotani]], adalah salah satu [[Kelas (biologi)|kelas]] [[tumbuhan berpembuluh]] yang masih lestari hingga kini namun dengan temuan fosil berusia sampai ke kala [[Devon]]. Anggotanya yang banyak dikenal adalah [[paku ekor kuda]] (''Equisetum'')<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=horsetail | title = horsetail | work = Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary }}</ref><ref name="Allaby 1999">{{cite book|last= Allaby|first= Ailsa|author2=Michael Allaby|year= 1999|title= "Sphenopsida." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences }}</ref><ref name=Judd>{{cite book|last1=Judd|first1=W.S.|last2=Campbell|first2=C.S.|last3=Kellogg|first3=E.A.|last4=Stevens|first4=P.F.|last5=Donoghue|first5=M.J.|year=2002|title=Plant systematics, a phylogenetic approach.|publisher=Sinauer Associates, Inc.|location=Sunderland, Massachusetts|isbn=0878934030|page=193 }}</ref>. Kebanyakan anggotanya menyukai tempat yang becek / berair, dengan daun yang sangat tereduksi sehingga fotosintesis dilakukan oleh batang, yang umumnya beruas dan berbentuk berkas-berkas kaku. |
'''Equisetopsida''', atau '''Sphenopsida''' di kalangan [[paleobotani]], adalah salah satu [[Kelas (biologi)|kelas]] [[tumbuhan berpembuluh]] yang masih lestari hingga kini namun dengan temuan fosil berusia sampai ke kala [[Devon (periode)|Devon]]. Anggotanya yang banyak dikenal adalah [[paku ekor kuda]] (''Equisetum'')<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=horsetail | title = horsetail | work = Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary }}</ref><ref name="Allaby 1999">{{cite book|last= Allaby|first= Ailsa|author2=Michael Allaby|year= 1999|title= "Sphenopsida." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences }}</ref><ref name=Judd>{{cite book|last1=Judd|first1=W.S.|last2=Campbell|first2=C.S.|last3=Kellogg|first3=E.A.|last4=Stevens|first4=P.F.|last5=Donoghue|first5=M.J.|year=2002|title=Plant systematics, a phylogenetic approach.|publisher=Sinauer Associates, Inc.|location=Sunderland, Massachusetts|isbn=0878934030|page=193 }}</ref>. Kebanyakan anggotanya menyukai tempat yang becek / berair, dengan daun yang sangat tereduksi sehingga fotosintesis dilakukan oleh batang, yang umumnya beruas dan berbentuk berkas-berkas kaku. |
||
<!-- |
<!-- |
||
The Equisetopsida were formerly regarded as a separate [[division (biology)|division]] of spore plants and also called '''Equisetophyta''', '''Arthrophyta''' or '''Sphenophyta'''; today they have been recognized as rather close relatives of the typical ferns ([[Pteridopsida]]) and form a specialized lineage of the [[Pteridophyta]].<ref name="Smith 2006">{{cite journal | doi=10.2307/25065646 | last=Smith | first=Alan R.|author2=Kathleen M. Pryer |author3=Eric Schuettpelz |author4=Petra Korall |author5=Harald Schneider |author6=Paul G. Wolf | year=2006 | title= A classification for extant ferns | url=http://www.pryerlab.net/publication/fichier749.pdf | journal=Taxon | volume= 55 | issue=3 | pages= 705–731 | jstor=25065646 }}</ref> |
The Equisetopsida were formerly regarded as a separate [[division (biology)|division]] of spore plants and also called '''Equisetophyta''', '''Arthrophyta''' or '''Sphenophyta'''; today they have been recognized as rather close relatives of the typical ferns ([[Pteridopsida]]) and form a specialized lineage of the [[Pteridophyta]].<ref name="Smith 2006">{{cite journal | doi=10.2307/25065646 | last=Smith | first=Alan R.|author2=Kathleen M. Pryer |author3=Eric Schuettpelz |author4=Petra Korall |author5=Harald Schneider |author6=Paul G. Wolf | year=2006 | title= A classification for extant ferns | url=http://www.pryerlab.net/publication/fichier749.pdf | journal=Taxon | volume= 55 | issue=3 | pages= 705–731 | jstor=25065646 }}</ref> |
||
| Baris 56: | Baris 56: | ||
The organisms first appear in the fossil record during the late Devonian,<ref name=Taylor_1993/> a time when land plants were undergoing a rapid diversification, with roots, seeds and leaves having only just evolved. (See [[Evolutionary history of plants]]) However, plants had already been on the land for almost a hundred million years, with the first evidence of land plants dating to {{Ma|475}}.<ref name="wellman2003">{{cite journal | title = Fragments of the earliest land plants | author = CH Wellman, PL Osterloff, U Mohiuddin | journal = Nature | volume = 425 | issue = 6955 | pages = 282–285 | year = 2003 | url = http://sherpa.leeds.ac.uk/archive/00000106/01/wellmanch1.pdf | pmid = 13679913 | doi = 10.1038/nature01884 }}</ref> |
The organisms first appear in the fossil record during the late Devonian,<ref name=Taylor_1993/> a time when land plants were undergoing a rapid diversification, with roots, seeds and leaves having only just evolved. (See [[Evolutionary history of plants]]) However, plants had already been on the land for almost a hundred million years, with the first evidence of land plants dating to {{Ma|475}}.<ref name="wellman2003">{{cite journal | title = Fragments of the earliest land plants | author = CH Wellman, PL Osterloff, U Mohiuddin | journal = Nature | volume = 425 | issue = 6955 | pages = 282–285 | year = 2003 | url = http://sherpa.leeds.ac.uk/archive/00000106/01/wellmanch1.pdf | pmid = 13679913 | doi = 10.1038/nature01884 }}</ref> |
||
--> |
--> |
||
== Klasifikasi == |
== Klasifikasi == |
||
<!-- |
<!-- |
||
Revisi per 28 Juli 2018 15.49
| Equisetopsida
| |
|---|---|
| Taksonomi | |
| Superkerajaan | Eukaryota |
| Kerajaan | Plantae |
| Divisi | Equisetophyta |
| Kelas | Equisetopsida C.Agardh, 1825 |
| Tata nama | |
| Sinonim takson | Sphenopsida |
| Ordo | |
Equisetopsida, atau Sphenopsida di kalangan paleobotani, adalah salah satu kelas tumbuhan berpembuluh yang masih lestari hingga kini namun dengan temuan fosil berusia sampai ke kala Devon. Anggotanya yang banyak dikenal adalah paku ekor kuda (Equisetum)[2][3][4]. Kebanyakan anggotanya menyukai tempat yang becek / berair, dengan daun yang sangat tereduksi sehingga fotosintesis dilakukan oleh batang, yang umumnya beruas dan berbentuk berkas-berkas kaku.
Klasifikasi
Hubungan antarkelompok di dalam Equisetopsida menurut salah satu versi ditunjukkan dengan kladogram berikut[5].
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Referensi
- ^ Taylor, Thomas N.; Edith L. Taylor. (1993). The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. hlm. 303–305. ISBN 0-13-651589-4.
- ^ "horsetail". Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
- ^ Allaby, Ailsa; Michael Allaby (1999). "Sphenopsida." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences.
- ^ Judd, W.S.; Campbell, C.S.; Kellogg, E.A.; Stevens, P.F.; Donoghue, M.J. (2002). Plant systematics, a phylogenetic approach. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates, Inc. hlm. 193. ISBN 0878934030.
- ^ "Introduction to the Sphenophyta". University of California Museum of Paleontology. Diakses tanggal 31 July 2011.
Wikispecies mempunyai informasi mengenai Equisetopsida.
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Equisetopsida.