Heroin
Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
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| Nama sistematis (IUPAC) | |
| (5α,6α)-7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-17-methylmorphinan-3,6-diol diacetate | |
| Data klinis | |
| Kat. kehamilan | Category X[rujukan?] |
| Status hukum | Prohibited (S9) (AU) Schedule I (CA) ? (UK) Schedule I (US) |
| Kemungkinan ketergantungan | High |
| Rute | Inhalation, Transmucosal, Intravenous, Oral, Intranasal, Rectal, Intramuscular |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailabilitas | <35% (oral), 44–61% (inhaled)[1] |
| Ikatan protein | 0% (morphine metabolite 35%) |
| Metabolisme | hepatic |
| Waktu paruh | <10 minutes [2] |
| Ekskresi | 90% renal as glucuronides, rest biliary |
| Pengenal | |
| Nomor CAS | 561-27-3 |
| Kode ATC | N02AA09 |
| PubChem | CID 5462328 |
| DrugBank | DB01452 |
| ChemSpider | 4575379  |
| UNII | 8H672SHT8E |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL459324 |
| Sinonim | Diamorphine, Diacetylmorphine, Acetomorphine, (Dual) Acetylated morphine, Morphine diacetate |
| Data kimia | |
| Formula | C21H23NO5 |
| Massa mol. | 369.41 g/mol |
| SMILES | eMolecules & PubChem |
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InChI=1S/C21H23NO5/c1-11(23)25-16-6-4-13-10-15-14-5-7-17(26-12(2)24)20-21(14,8-9-22(15)3)18(13)19(16)27-20/h4-7,14-15,17,20H,8-10H2,1-3H3/t14-,15+,17-,20-,21-/m0/s1 |
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Heroin atau diamorfin (INN) adalah sejenis opioid alkaloid.
Heroin adalah derivatif 3.6-diasetil dari morfin (karena itulah namanya adalah diasetilmorfin) dan disintesiskan darinya melalui asetilasi. Bentuk kristal putihnya umumnya adalah garam hidroklorida, diamorfin hidroklorida. Heroin dapat menyebabkan kecanduan.
[sunting] Referensi
- ^ Rook, Elisabeth J.; Van Ree, Jan M.; Van Den Brink, Wim; Hillebrand, Michel J. X.; Huitema, Alwin D. R.; Hendriks, Vincent M.; Beijnen, Jos H. (2006). "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of High Doses of Pharmaceutically Prepared Heroin, by Intravenous or by Inhalation Route in Opioid-Dependent Patients". Basic <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Clinical Pharmacology <html_ent glyph="@amp;" ascii="&"/> Toxicology 98: 86–96. doi:.
- ^ "Chemical Sampling Information: Heroin". Osha.gov. http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/data/CH_244675.html. Diakses pada 20 Oktober 2010.
