Ford Mustang: Perbedaan antara revisi

Ford Mustang
Ford Mustang
	Ford Mustang 2020
Informasi
Produsen	Ford
Juga disebut	Ford T5
Masa produksi	Maret 1964 – sekarang
Model untuk tahun	1965–sekarang
Perancang	John Najjar; Philip T. Clark; Joe Oros; Gale Halderman;
Bodi & rangka
Kelas	Mobil poni, mobil berotot (Amerika); Roadster sport (Eropa);
Bentuk kerangka	2-pintu coupé; 3-pintu hatchback; 2-pintu fastback; 2-pintu konvertibel;
Tata letak	mesin depan, penggerak roda belakang

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Revisi per 12 Juli 2022 14.10

Ford Mustang adalah serangkaian mobil Amerika yang diproduksi oleh Ford. Dalam produksi berkelanjutan sejak 1964, Mustang saat ini merupakan papan nama mobil Ford yang paling lama diproduksi. Saat ini dalam generasi keenamnya, ini adalah papan nama mobil Ford terlaris kelima. Senama dengan segmen mobil "Mobil poni", Mustang dikembangkan sebagai jajaran coupe dan convertible sporty yang sangat bergaya yang diturunkan dari lini model yang ada, awalnya dibedakan dengan proporsi "long hood, short deck".^[3]

Awalnya diprediksi menjual 100.000 kendaraan setiap tahun, Mustang 1965 menjadi peluncuran kendaraan paling sukses sejak Model A 1927.^[4] diperkenalkan pada 17 April 1964^[5] (16 hari setelah Plymouth Barracuda), lebih dari 400.000 unit di tahun pertama; Mustang yang ke-sejuta terjual dalam waktu dua tahun setelah peluncurannya.^[6] Pada Agustus 2018, Ford memproduksi Mustang ke-10 juta; cocok dengan Mustang 1965 pertama, kendaraan itu adalah Wimbledon White convertible 2019 dengan mesin V8.^[7]

Keberhasilan peluncuran Mustang menyebabkan banyak pesaing dari pabrikan Amerika lainnya, termasuk Chevrolet Camaro dan Pontiac Firebird^[8] (1967), AMC Javelin (1968), dan Dodge Challenger^[9] (1970). Mustang juga berpengaruh pada desain coupé di seluruh dunia, yang mengarah ke pemasaran Toyota Celica dan Ford Capri di Amerika Serikat (yang terakhir, oleh Lincoln-Mercury). Mercury Cougar diluncurkan pada tahun 1967 sebagai alternatif trim tinggi berbodi unik untuk Mustang; selama tahun 1970-an, itu termasuk lebih banyak fitur dan dipasarkan sebagai mobil mewah pribadi.

Dari tahun 1965 hingga 2004, Mustang berbagi kesamaan sasis dengan lini model Ford lainnya, tetap menggunakan penggerak roda belakang selama produksinya. Dari tahun 1965 hingga 1973, Mustang diturunkan dari Ford Falcon compact 1960. Dari tahun 1974 hingga 1978, Mustang (dilambangkan Mustang II) adalah versi jarak sumbu roda yang lebih panjang dari Ford Pinto. Dari 1979 hingga 2004, Mustang berbagi sasis platform Fox dengan 14 kendaraan Ford lainnya (menjadi yang terakhir menggunakan arsitektur Fox). Sejak 2005, Ford telah memproduksi dua generasi Mustang, masing-masing menggunakan platform berbeda yang unik untuk lini model.

Melalui produksinya, beberapa papan nama telah dikaitkan dengan seri Ford Mustang, termasuk GT, Mach 1, Boss 302/429, Cobra (terpisah dari Shelby Cobra), dan Bullitt, bersama dengan fender badge "5.0" (menunjukkan 4,9 L OHV atau 5.0 L DOHC V8) mesin).

Generasi pertama (1965–1973)

Asisten manajer umum dan kepala insinyur Lee Iacocca, Donald N. Frey adalah insinyur kepala untuk proyek T-5—mengawasi pengembangan keseluruhan mobil dalam rekor 18 bulan^[11]—sementara Iacocca sendiri memperjuangkan proyek tersebut sebagai manajer umum Divisi Ford.^[12] Prototipe T-5 adalah roadster mesin dua kursi yang dipasang di tengah. Kendaraan ini menggunakan mesin Ford Taunus V4 Jerman

Mobil konsep Ford Mustang I dua tempat duduk tahun 1962 yang asli telah berkembang menjadi mobil konsep empat tempat duduk Mustang II tahun 1963 yang digunakan Ford untuk menguji bagaimana masyarakat akan tertarik pada produksi pertama Mustang. Mobil konsep Mustang II 1963 dirancang dengan variasi ujung depan dan belakang model produksi dengan atap yang lebih rendah 27 inci (686 mm).^[13] Ini awalnya didasarkan pada platform Ford Falcon Amerika Utara generasi kedua, sebuah mobil kompak.^[14] Desain tampilan samping Gale Halderman adalah dasar untuk model tanah liat pertama.^[15]^[16]

Peluncuran Non-tradisional (1964½)

Ford Mustang mulai produksi lima bulan sebelum awal normal tahun produksi 1965. Versi produksi awal sering disebut sebagai "model 1964" tetapi semua Mustang diiklankan, diberi kode VIN dan diberi judul oleh Ford sebagai model 1965, meskipun pembaruan desain kecil pada Agustus 1964 pada awal resmi tahun produksi 1965 berkontribusi untuk melacak produksi 1964". data terpisah dari data tahun 1965 (lihat data di bawah).^[17] dengan produksi dimulai di Dearborn, Michigan, pada 9 Maret 1964;^[18] mobil baru itu, pada 15 April 1964, pertama kali dijual ke publik,^[16] bahkan sebelum diperkenalkan pada 17 April 1964,^[19] di New York World's Fair.^[20] Gaya bodi yang tersedia termasuk hardtop dua pintu dan konvertibel, dengan fastback "2+2" ditambahkan ke lini pada September 1964. Wimbledon White (kode cat P)^[5] konvertibel dengan interior merah digunakan sebagai penempatan produk ketika film James Bond Goldfinger dirilis 17 September 1964, di premier London-nya, di mana gadis Bond Tilly Masterson sedang dalam kejar-kejaran dengan James mengendarai Aston Martin DB5 di Pegunungan Alpen Swiss. A Tropical Turquoise (kode cat O )^[5] coupe sekali lagi digunakan dalam film Thunderball berikutnya pada pemutaran perdana di Tokyo pada 9 Desember 1965 dengan gadis Bond Fiona Volpe saat dia mengendarai James untuk bertemu dengan penjahat Emilio Largo di kompleksnya dengan kecepatan sangat tinggi melintasi Bahama.

Artikel publisitas yang menguntungkan muncul di 2.600 surat kabar keesokan paginya, pada hari mobil itu "resmi" terungkap.^[21]^[22] Sebuah mobil empat kursi dengan ruang penuh untuk kursi ember depan dan kursi bangku belakang adalah standar. Sebuah "fastback 2+2", pertama kali diproduksi pada 17 Agustus 1964, menutupi ruang bagasi di bawah garis eksterior menyapu mirip dengan seri kedua Corvette Sting Ray dan mobil sport Eropa seperti Jaguar E-Type coupe.

Price and record-breaking sales

To achieve an advertised list price of US$2,368 ($18.826 tahun 2024),^[23] the Mustang was based heavily on familiar yet simple components, many of which were already in production for other Ford models.^[24] Many (if not most) of the interior, chassis, suspension, and drivetrain components were derived from those used on Ford's Falcon and Fairlane. This use of common components also shortened the learning curve for assembly and repair workers, while at the same time allowing dealers to pick up the Mustang without also having to invest in additional spare parts inventory to support the new car line. Original sales forecasts projected less than 100,000 units for the first year.^[25] This mark was surpassed in three months from rollout.^[5] Another 318,000 would be sold during the model year (a record),^[5] and in its first eighteen months, more than one million Mustangs were built.^[25]

Upgrades

Several changes were made at the traditional opening of the new model year (beginning August 1964), including the addition of back-up lights on some models, the introduction of alternators to replace generators, an upgrade of the six-cylinder engine from 170 hingga 200 cu in (2,8 hingga 3,3 l) with an increase from 101 hingga 120 hp (75 hingga 89 kW), and an upgrade of the V8 engine from 260 hingga 289 cu in (4,3 hingga 4,7 l) with an increase from 164 hingga 210 hp (122 hingga 157 kW). The rush into production included some unusual quirks, such as the horn ring bearing the 'Ford Falcon' logo covered by a trim ring with a 'Ford Mustang' logo. These characteristics made enough difference to warrant designation of the 121,538 early versions as "1964½" Mustangs, a distinction that has endured with purists.^[26]

Ford's designers began drawing up larger versions even as the original was achieving sales success, and while "Iacocca later complained about the Mustang's growth, he did oversee the 1967 redesign."^[27] From 1967 until 1973, the Mustang got bigger but not necessarily more powerful.^[28] The Mustang was facelifted, giving the Mustang a more massive look overall and allowing a big block engine to be offered for the first time. Front and rear end styling was more pronounced, and the "twin cove" instrument panel offered a thicker crash pad and larger gauges. Hardtop, fastback, and convertible body styles continued as before. Around this time, the Mustang was paired with a Mercury variant, called the Cougar, which used its own styling cues, such as a "prowling cat" logo and hidden quad headlamps. New safety regulations by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) for 1967 included an energy-absorbing steering column and wheel, 4-way emergency flashers, and a dual-circuit hydraulic braking system, and softer interior knobs. The 1968 models received revised side scoops, steering wheel, and gasoline caps. Side marker lights were also added that year, and cars built after January 1, 1968, included shoulder belts for both front seats on coupes. The 1968 models also introduced a new 302 cu in (4,9 L) V8 engine, designed with Federal emissions regulations in mind.

The 1969 restyle "added more heft to the body as width and length again increased. Weight went up markedly too."^[27] Due to the larger body and revised front end styling, the 1969 models (but less so in 1970) had a notable aggressive stance. The 1969 models featured "quad headlamps" which disappeared to make way for a wider grille and a return to standard headlamps in the 1970 models. This switch back to standard headlamps was an attempt to tame the aggressive styling of the 1969 model, which some felt was too extreme and hurt sales, but 1969 production exceeded the 1970 total.^[29]

Models

Starting in 1969, to aid sales and continue the winning formula of the Mustang, a variety of new performance and decorative options became available, including functional (and non-functional) air scoops, cable and pin hood tie-downs, and both wing and chin spoilers. Additionally, a variety of performance packages were introduced that included the Mach 1, the Boss 302, and Boss 429. The two Boss models were to homologate the engines for racing. The 1969 Mustang was the last year for the GT option (although it did return on the third-generation Mustang for the 1982 model year). A fourth model available only as a hardtop, the Grandé, saw success starting in 1969 with its soft ride, "luxurious" trim, 55 pon (25 kg) of extra sound deadening, and simulated wood trim.

Sales fluctuation

Developed under the watch of S. "Bunkie" Knudsen, Mustang evolved "from speed and power" to the growing consumer demand for bigger and heavier "luxury" type designs.^[30] "The result was the styling misadventures of 1971–73 ...the Mustang grew fat and lazy,"^[30] "Ford was out of the go-fast business almost entirely by 1971."^[31] "This was the last major restyling of the first-generation Mustang."^[32] "The cars grew in every dimension except height, and they gained about 800 pon (360 kg)."^[32] "The restyling also sought to create the illusion that the cars were even larger."^[32] The 1971 Mustang was nearly 3 inci (75 mm) wider than the 1970, its front and rear track was also widened by 3 inci (75 mm), and its size was most evident in the SportsRoof models with its nearly flat rear roofline^[33] and cramped interior with poor visibility for the driver.^[34] Performance decreased with sales continuing to decrease^[35] as consumers switched to the smaller Pintos and Mavericks. A displeased Iacocca summed up later: "The Mustang market never left us, we left it."^[36]

Referensi

^ "History of the Ford T5". fordt5.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 29, 2021. Diakses tanggal July 29, 2021.
^ "Official Ford Mustang 2017 (reassessment) safety rating". Euro NCAP. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2019. Diakses tanggal August 2, 2019.
^ Mueller, Mike (1997). Ford Mustang. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 21. ISBN 978-0-87938-990-1.
^ Hinckley, Jim; Robinson, Jon G. (2005). The Big Book of Car Culture. Motorbooks/MBI. hlm. 175. ISBN 978-0-7603-1965-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal January 2, 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Flory, J. Kelly (2004). American Cars, 1960–1972: Every Model, Year by Year. McFarland. hlm. 367–68. ISBN 978-0-7864-1273-0.
^ Drummond, Meghan (September 22, 2020). "History of the Ford Mustang". cjponyparts.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 17, 2021. Diakses tanggal December 28, 2020.
^ MotorAuthority (August 9, 2018). "Mustang milestone: 10 millionth 'Stang gallops off assembly line". The ClassicCars.com Journal. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 8, 2018. Diakses tanggal November 7, 2018.
^ Young, Anthony (2004). Camaro. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 8. ISBN 978-0-7603-1932-1.
^ Zazarine, Paul (2002). Barracuda and Challenger. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-0-87938-538-5.
^ Mueller, Mike (2015). The Complete Book of Ford Mustang: Every Model Since 1964½. Motorbooks. ISBN 9780760346624. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 14, 2020.
^ "The Thinker (Detroit Style)". Time. April 21, 1967. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 5, 2007. Diakses tanggal November 9, 2015.
^ Drummon, Meghan (February 5, 2020). "Who is Gale Halderman?". cjponyparts.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 25, 2021. Diakses tanggal December 28, 2020.
^ Mueller, Mike (2010). Mustang, the Complete Book of Every Model since 1964½. Motorbooks/MBI. ISBN 978-0-7603-3830-8.
^ Iacocca, Lee (1969). "VI". Iacocca: An Autobiography. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-25147-0.
^ Drummond, Meghan (February 5, 2020). "Gale Halderman - Drawing the First Mustang". CJ Pony Parts. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 January 2021. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2022.
^ ^a ^b Cassingham, Randy (3 May 2020). "Gale Halderman". Honorary Unsubscribe. This is True. Diakses tanggal 11 May 2020.
^ Sessler, Peter C. (2002). Mustang: 1964½–2003. MBI Publishing. hlm. 11. ISBN 978-0-7603-1373-2. Diakses tanggal January 2, 2016.
^ Corcoran, Tom (1994). Mustang 1964½–1968. MBI Publishing. hlm. 15. ISBN 978-0-87938-630-6. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.
^ Diamond, Jay; Pintel, Gerald (1991). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall. hlm. 198. ISBN 978-0-13-714668-0.
^ Patton, Phil (October 2006). "The Car of the Year (And a Half)". American Heritage. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 28, 2008. Diakses tanggal April 3, 2014.
^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 4, 2007). "1965 1966 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 30, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.
^ "Innovative Marketing and PR Helped Build the Mustang Legend" (Siaran pers). Ford Motor Company Media. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 11, 2009. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.
^ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Diakses tanggal 28 Mei 2023.
^ Mattar, George (February 2005). "1964 1/2-1966 Mustang". Hemmings Motor News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 24, 2020. Diakses tanggal June 19, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Mueller, p. 30
^ "The Great Mustang Debate: 1964 or 1965". Theautochannel.com. April 16, 2009. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 29, 2010. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.
^ ^a ^b Mueller, p. 59
^ Portman, Michael (2011). Mustangs. Gareth Stevens. hlm. 16. ISBN 9781433947544. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2020. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.
^ "Mustang – Production Numbers". Fast_wheels.tripod.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 26, 2013. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.
^ ^a ^b Taylor, Don; Wilson, Tom (1987). Mustang Restoration Handbook. Penguin Group. hlm. 17. ISBN 978-0-89586-402-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.
^ Mueller, p. 61.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sessler, Peter C.; Sessler, Nilda (2006). Ford Mustang Buyer's and Restoration Guide. Sams Technical Publishing. hlm. 72. ISBN 978-0-7906-1326-0. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2020. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.
^ Mueller, p. 62
^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "Criticism of the 1971 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 15, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.
^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "The 1972 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 21, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.
^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "The 1973 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 20, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

"2005 Mustang draws inspiration from the 60's". CanadianDriver. Diakses tanggal January 11, 2004.
Chilton Automotive Books (August 1, 1997). Ford Mustang/Mercury Cougar, 1964–73 Repair Manual (edisi ke-1st). Thomson Delmar Learning. hlm. 450. ISBN 0-8019-9060-2.
Leffingwell, Randy (2003). Mustang Forty Years. Osceola: MBI Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7603-1597-2.
"The Reminiscences of L. David Ash". Automobile in American Life and Society. University of Michigan-Dearborn and The Henry Ford. Diakses tanggal January 30, 2005.
"Ford Motor Company Specification Charts". Ford Motor Company. Diakses tanggal March 9, 2010.
"2011 Mustang Review". Cruizin Concepts Motorsports. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-03-11. Diakses tanggal March 9, 2010.
[htttp://mustang.comurf.com "2012 Mustang amazon store"]. Amazon Shopping. Diakses tanggal March 9, 2012.

Pranala luar

Official site
Ford Mustang di Curlie (dari DMOZ)
American Classic: Ford Mustang Diarsipkan 2010-04-17 di Wayback Machine. – slideshow by Life magazine

[1] "History of the Ford T5". fordt5.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 29, 2021. Diakses tanggal July 29, 2021.

[2] "Official Ford Mustang 2017 (reassessment) safety rating". Euro NCAP. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2019. Diakses tanggal August 2, 2019.

[:2-3] Mueller, Mike (1997). Ford Mustang. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 21. ISBN 978-0-87938-990-1.

[4] Hinckley, Jim; Robinson, Jon G. (2005). The Big Book of Car Culture. Motorbooks/MBI. hlm. 175. ISBN 978-0-7603-1965-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal January 2, 2016.

[Flory-5] Flory, J. Kelly (2004). American Cars, 1960–1972: Every Model, Year by Year. McFarland. hlm. 367–68. ISBN 978-0-7864-1273-0.

[6] Drummond, Meghan (September 22, 2020). "History of the Ford Mustang". cjponyparts.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 17, 2021. Diakses tanggal December 28, 2020.

[7] MotorAuthority (August 9, 2018). "Mustang milestone: 10 millionth 'Stang gallops off assembly line". The ClassicCars.com Journal. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 8, 2018. Diakses tanggal November 7, 2018.

[8] Young, Anthony (2004). Camaro. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 8. ISBN 978-0-7603-1932-1.

[:3-9] Zazarine, Paul (2002). Barracuda and Challenger. MotorBooks/MBI. hlm. 29. ISBN 978-0-87938-538-5.

[10] Mueller, Mike (2015). The Complete Book of Ford Mustang: Every Model Since 1964½. Motorbooks. ISBN 9780760346624. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 14, 2020.

[11] "The Thinker (Detroit Style)". Time. April 21, 1967. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal December 5, 2007. Diakses tanggal November 9, 2015.

[12] Drummon, Meghan (February 5, 2020). "Who is Gale Halderman?". cjponyparts.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 25, 2021. Diakses tanggal December 28, 2020.

[13] Mueller, Mike (2010). Mustang, the Complete Book of Every Model since 1964½. Motorbooks/MBI. ISBN 978-0-7603-3830-8.

[14] Iacocca, Lee (1969). "VI". Iacocca: An Autobiography. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-25147-0.

[Drummond-Halderman-15] Drummond, Meghan (February 5, 2020). "Gale Halderman - Drawing the First Mustang". CJ Pony Parts. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 January 2021. Diakses tanggal 4 May 2022.

[HonUn-16] Cassingham, Randy (3 May 2020). "Gale Halderman". Honorary Unsubscribe. This is True. Diakses tanggal 11 May 2020.

[17] Sessler, Peter C. (2002). Mustang: 1964½–2003. MBI Publishing. hlm. 11. ISBN 978-0-7603-1373-2. Diakses tanggal January 2, 2016.

[18] Corcoran, Tom (1994). Mustang 1964½–1968. MBI Publishing. hlm. 15. ISBN 978-0-87938-630-6. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.

[19] Diamond, Jay; Pintel, Gerald (1991). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall. hlm. 198. ISBN 978-0-13-714668-0.

[Patton-20] Patton, Phil (October 2006). "The Car of the Year (And a Half)". American Heritage. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 28, 2008. Diakses tanggal April 3, 2014.

[:0-21] Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 4, 2007). "1965 1966 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 30, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

[:1-22] "Innovative Marketing and PR Helped Build the Mustang Legend" (Siaran pers). Ford Motor Company Media. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 11, 2009. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

[inflation-US-23] 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Diakses tanggal 28 Mei 2023.

[24] Mattar, George (February 2005). "1964 1/2-1966 Mustang". Hemmings Motor News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal November 24, 2020. Diakses tanggal June 19, 2015.

[google30-25] Mueller, p. 30

[26] "The Great Mustang Debate: 1964 or 1965". Theautochannel.com. April 16, 2009. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal July 29, 2010. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.

[mike-27] Mueller, p. 59

[28] Portman, Michael (2011). Mustangs. Gareth Stevens. hlm. 16. ISBN 9781433947544. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2020. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.

[29] "Mustang – Production Numbers". Fast_wheels.tripod.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 26, 2013. Diakses tanggal April 6, 2016.

[taylor17-30] Taylor, Don; Wilson, Tom (1987). Mustang Restoration Handbook. Penguin Group. hlm. 17. ISBN 978-0-89586-402-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal January 13, 2022. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.

[31] Mueller, p. 61.

[sessler72-32] Sessler, Peter C.; Sessler, Nilda (2006). Ford Mustang Buyer's and Restoration Guide. Sams Technical Publishing. hlm. 72. ISBN 978-0-7906-1326-0. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal August 1, 2020. Diakses tanggal September 11, 2015.

[33] Mueller, p. 62

[34] Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "Criticism of the 1971 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 15, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

[35] Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "The 1972 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 21, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

[36] Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (February 11, 2007). "The 1973 Ford Mustang". auto.howstuffworks.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal April 20, 2012. Diakses tanggal April 27, 2012.

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@@ Baris 45: / Baris 45: @@
 == Generasi pertama (1965–1973) ==
 <!-- officially they are 1965, only called 1964 1/2 UNOFFICIALLY -->
-[[File:Ford Mustang serial number one.jpg|thumb|"1964½" Mustang convertible serial No. 1, sold to [[Stanley Tucker]] who was given the one millionth Mustang in exchange for his historic car<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=g-76CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 |title=The Complete Book of Ford Mustang: Every Model Since 1964½ |first=Mike |last=Mueller |publisher=Motorbooks |year=2015 |isbn=9780760346624 |access-date=September 14, 2020 |archive-date=January 13, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220113131630/https://books.google.com/books?id=g-76CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
+[[File:Ford Mustang serial number one.jpg|thumb|"1964½" Mustang convertible serial No. 1, dijual ke Stanley Tucker yang diberi Mustang ke-1 juta sebagai ganti mobil bersejarahnya.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=g-76CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 |title=The Complete Book of Ford Mustang: Every Model Since 1964½ |first=Mike |last=Mueller |publisher=Motorbooks |year=2015 |isbn=9780760346624 |access-date=September 14, 2020 |archive-date=January 13, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220113131630/https://books.google.com/books?id=g-76CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA38 |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
-{{main|Ford Mustang (first generation)}}
+{{main|Ford Mustang (generasi pertama)}}
-[[Lee Iacocca]]'s assistant general manager and chief engineer, [[Donald N. Frey]] was the head engineer for the [[Ford Mustang I|T-5 project]]—supervising the overall development of the car in a record 18 months<ref>{{cite magazine|url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843628,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071205213156/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843628,00.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= December 5, 2007 |title=The Thinker (Detroit Style) |magazine=Time |date=April 21, 1967 |access-date=November 9, 2015}}</ref>—while Iacocca himself championed the project as Ford Division general manager.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Drummon |first1=Meghan |title=Who is Gale Halderman? |url=https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |website=cjponyparts.com |date=February 5, 2020 |access-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210125232946/https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |url-status=live }}</ref> The T-5 prototype was a two-seat, mid-mounted engine [[Roadster (automobile)|roadster]]. This vehicle employed the German [[Ford Taunus V4 engine]].
+Asisten manajer umum dan kepala insinyur [[Lee Iacocca]], Donald N. Frey adalah insinyur kepala untuk proyek T-5—mengawasi pengembangan keseluruhan mobil dalam rekor 18 bulan<ref>{{cite magazine|url= http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843628,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071205213156/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843628,00.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= December 5, 2007 |title=The Thinker (Detroit Style) |magazine=Time |date=April 21, 1967 |access-date=November 9, 2015}}</ref>—sementara Iacocca sendiri memperjuangkan proyek tersebut sebagai manajer umum Divisi Ford.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Drummon |first1=Meghan |title=Who is Gale Halderman? |url=https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |website=cjponyparts.com |date=February 5, 2020 |access-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210125232946/https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |url-status=live }}</ref> Prototipe T-5 adalah roadster mesin dua kursi yang dipasang di tengah. Kendaraan ini menggunakan mesin Ford Taunus V4 Jerman
-The original [[Ford Mustang I|1962 Ford Mustang I]] two-seater concept car had evolved into the 1963 Mustang II four-seater concept car which Ford used to pretest how the public would take interest in the first production Mustang. The 1963 Mustang II concept car was designed with a variation of the production model's front and rear ends with a roof that was {{convert|2.7|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} lower.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mueller |first=Mike |title=Mustang, the Complete Book of Every Model since 1964½ |publisher=Motorbooks/MBI |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-7603-3830-8}}</ref> It was originally based on the [[automobile platform|platform]] of the second-generation North American [[Ford Falcon (North America)|Ford Falcon]], a [[compact car]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Iacocca |first=Lee |title=Iacocca: An Autobiography |publisher=Bantam |year=1969 |isbn=978-0-553-25147-0 |chapter=VI}}</ref> Gale Halderman’s side view design is the basis for the first clay model.<ref name="Drummond-Halderman">{{cite web |last1=Drummond |first1=Meghan |title=Gale Halderman - Drawing the First Mustang |url= https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |website=CJ Pony Parts |access-date=4 May 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210125232946/https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |archive-date=25 January 2021 |date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref name= HonUn>{{cite web| url= https://www.honoraryunsubscribe.com/gale-halderman/ | title= Gale Halderman| website= Honorary Unsubscribe  |publisher=This is True | first= Randy| last= Cassingham | date= 3 May 2020 | access-date= 11 May 2020}}</ref>
+Mobil konsep [[Ford Mustang (generasi pertama)|Ford Mustang I]] dua tempat duduk tahun 1962 yang asli telah berkembang menjadi mobil konsep empat tempat duduk Mustang II tahun 1963 yang digunakan Ford untuk menguji bagaimana masyarakat akan tertarik pada produksi pertama Mustang. Mobil konsep Mustang II 1963 dirancang dengan variasi ujung depan dan belakang model produksi dengan atap yang lebih rendah 27 inci (686 mm).<ref>{{cite book|last=Mueller |first=Mike |title=Mustang, the Complete Book of Every Model since 1964½ |publisher=Motorbooks/MBI |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-7603-3830-8}}</ref> Ini awalnya didasarkan pada platform [[Ford Falcon]] Amerika Utara generasi kedua, sebuah [[mobil kompak]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Iacocca |first=Lee |title=Iacocca: An Autobiography |publisher=Bantam |year=1969 |isbn=978-0-553-25147-0 |chapter=VI}}</ref> Desain tampilan samping Gale Halderman adalah dasar untuk model tanah liat pertama.<ref name="Drummond-Halderman">{{cite web |last1=Drummond |first1=Meghan |title=Gale Halderman - Drawing the First Mustang |url= https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |website=CJ Pony Parts |access-date=4 May 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210125232946/https://www.cjponyparts.com/resources/gale-halderman-bio |archive-date=25 January 2021 |date=February 5, 2020}}</ref><ref name="HonUn">{{cite web| url= https://www.honoraryunsubscribe.com/gale-halderman/ | title= Gale Halderman| website= Honorary Unsubscribe  |publisher=This is True | first= Randy| last= Cassingham | date= 3 May 2020 | access-date= 11 May 2020}}</ref>
-=== Non-traditional (1964½) introduction ===
+=== Peluncuran Non-tradisional (1964½) ===
-[[File:1965 Ford Mustang Fastback (15595256971).jpg|thumb|1965 "fastback", introduced in September 1964 for the 1965 model year]]
+[[File:1965 Ford Mustang Fastback (15595256971).jpg|thumb|1965 "fastback", diperkenalkan pada September 1964 untuk model tahun 1965]]
-The Ford Mustang began production five months before the normal start of the 1965 production year. The early production versions are often referred to as "1964½ models" but all Mustangs were advertised, VIN coded and titled by Ford as 1965 models, though minor design updates in August 1964 at the formal start of the 1965 production year contribute to tracking 1964½ production data separately from 1965 data (see data below).<ref>{{cite book|last=Sessler |first=Peter C. |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=V2LMsWZxU5EC&pg=PA11 |title=Mustang: 1964½–2003 |publisher=MBI Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-7603-1373-2 |page=11 |access-date=January 2, 2016}}</ref> with production beginning in [[Dearborn, Michigan]], on March 9, 1964;<ref>{{cite book |last=Corcoran |first=Tom |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=agweV3UT930C&pg=PA15 |title=Mustang 1964½–1968 |publisher=MBI Publishing |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-87938-630-6 |page=15 |access-date=September 11, 2015 |archive-date=January 13, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220113131634/https://books.google.com/books?id=agweV3UT930C&pg=PA15 |url-status=live }}</ref> the new car was, on 15 April 1964, first sold to the public,<ref name= HonUn/> before it was even introduced on April 17, 1964,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Diamond |first1=Jay |title=Principles of Marketing |last2=Pintel |first2=Gerald |publisher=Prentice Hall |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-13-714668-0 |page=198}}</ref> at the [[1964 New York World's Fair|New York World's Fair]].<ref name="Patton">{{cite journal|last=Patton |first=Phil |date=October 2006 |title=The Car of the Year (And a Half) |url= http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_52.shtml |journal=American Heritage |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080828154601/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_52.shtml |archive-date=August 28, 2008 |access-date=April 3, 2014}}</ref> Body styles available included a two-door hardtop and convertible, with a "2+2" fastback added to the line in September 1964. A Wimbledon White (paint code P)<ref name="Flory" /> convertible with red interior was used as [[product placement]] when the ''James Bond'' movie ''[[Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]'' was released September 17, 1964, at its London premiere, where [[Bond girl]] [[Tania Mallet|Tilly Masterson]] was in a spirited chase with James driving an [[Aston Martin DB5]] in the Swiss Alps. A Tropical Turquoise (paint code O)<ref name="Flory" /> coupe was again used in the next film ''[[Thunderball (film)|Thunderball]]'' at its Tokyo premiere 9 December 1965 with Bond girl [[Fiona Volpe]] as she drives James to meet the villain [[Emilio Largo]] at his compound at a very high speed across [[The Bahamas]].
+Ford Mustang mulai produksi lima bulan sebelum awal normal tahun produksi 1965. Versi produksi awal sering disebut sebagai "model 1964" tetapi semua Mustang diiklankan, diberi kode VIN dan diberi judul oleh Ford sebagai model 1965, meskipun pembaruan desain kecil pada Agustus 1964 pada awal resmi tahun produksi 1965 berkontribusi untuk melacak produksi 1964". data terpisah dari data tahun 1965 (lihat data di bawah).<ref>{{cite book|last=Sessler |first=Peter C. |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=V2LMsWZxU5EC&pg=PA11 |title=Mustang: 1964½–2003 |publisher=MBI Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-7603-1373-2 |page=11 |access-date=January 2, 2016}}</ref> dengan produksi dimulai di [[Dearborn, Michigan]], pada 9 Maret 1964;<ref>{{cite book |last=Corcoran |first=Tom |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=agweV3UT930C&pg=PA15 |title=Mustang 1964½–1968 |publisher=MBI Publishing |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-87938-630-6 |page=15 |access-date=September 11, 2015 |archive-date=January 13, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220113131634/https://books.google.com/books?id=agweV3UT930C&pg=PA15 |url-status=live }}</ref> mobil baru itu, pada 15 April 1964, pertama kali dijual ke publik,<ref name="HonUn" /> bahkan sebelum diperkenalkan pada 17 April 1964,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Diamond |first1=Jay |title=Principles of Marketing |last2=Pintel |first2=Gerald |publisher=Prentice Hall |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-13-714668-0 |page=198}}</ref> di [[1964 New York World's Fair|New York World's Fair]].<ref name="Patton">{{cite journal|last=Patton |first=Phil |date=October 2006 |title=The Car of the Year (And a Half) |url= http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_52.shtml |journal=American Heritage |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080828154601/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/2006/5/2006_5_52.shtml |archive-date=August 28, 2008 |access-date=April 3, 2014}}</ref> Gaya bodi yang tersedia termasuk hardtop dua pintu dan konvertibel, dengan fastback "2+2" ditambahkan ke lini pada September 1964. Wimbledon White (kode cat P)<ref name="Flory" /> konvertibel dengan interior merah digunakan sebagai penempatan produk ketika film [[James Bond]] [[Goldfinger]] dirilis 17 September 1964, di premier London-nya, di mana gadis Bond Tilly Masterson sedang dalam kejar-kejaran dengan James mengendarai [[Aston Martin DB5]] di Pegunungan Alpen Swiss. A Tropical Turquoise (kode cat O )<ref name="Flory" /> coupe sekali lagi digunakan dalam film [[Thunderball]] berikutnya pada pemutaran perdana di Tokyo pada 9 Desember 1965 dengan gadis Bond Fiona Volpe saat dia mengendarai James untuk bertemu dengan penjahat Emilio Largo di kompleksnya dengan kecepatan sangat tinggi melintasi [[Bahama]].
-Favorable publicity articles appeared in 2,600 newspapers the next morning, the day the car was "officially" revealed.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url= http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1965-1966-ford-mustang.htm |title=1965 1966 Ford Mustang |authors=Auto Editors of ''Consumer Guide'' |date=February 4, 2007 |website=auto.howstuffworks.com |access-date=April 27, 2012 |archive-date=April 30, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120430024800/http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1965-1966-ford-mustang.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite press release|url= http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=18037 |title=Innovative Marketing and PR Helped Build the Mustang Legend |publisher=Ford Motor Company Media |access-date=April 27, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090611100027/http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=18037 |archive-date=June 11, 2009 }}</ref> A four-seat car with full space for the front bucket seats and a rear bench seat was standard. A "fastback 2+2", first manufactured on August 17, 1964, enclosed the [[Trunk (automobile)|trunk]] space under a sweeping exterior line similar to the second series [[Chevrolet Corvette (C2)|Corvette Sting Ray]] and European [[sports car]]s such as the [[Jaguar E-Type]] coupe.
+Artikel publisitas yang menguntungkan muncul di 2.600 surat kabar keesokan paginya, pada hari mobil itu "resmi" terungkap.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url= http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1965-1966-ford-mustang.htm |title=1965 1966 Ford Mustang |authors=Auto Editors of ''Consumer Guide'' |date=February 4, 2007 |website=auto.howstuffworks.com |access-date=April 27, 2012 |archive-date=April 30, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120430024800/http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1965-1966-ford-mustang.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite press release|url= http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=18037 |title=Innovative Marketing and PR Helped Build the Mustang Legend |publisher=Ford Motor Company Media |access-date=April 27, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090611100027/http://media.ford.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=18037 |archive-date=June 11, 2009 }}</ref> Sebuah mobil empat kursi dengan ruang penuh untuk kursi ember depan dan kursi bangku belakang adalah standar. Sebuah "fastback 2+2", pertama kali diproduksi pada 17 Agustus 1964, menutupi ruang bagasi di bawah garis eksterior menyapu mirip dengan seri kedua [[Chevrolet Corvette (generasi kedua)|Corvette Sting Ray]] dan [[mobil sport]] Eropa seperti [[Jaguar E-Type|Jaguar E-Type coupe]].
 === Price and record-breaking sales ===