Benyamin dari Tudela

Peta rute

Benjamin dari Tudela (Ibrani: בִּנְיָמִין מִטּוּדֶלָה, diucapkan [binjaˈmin mituˈdela]; Arab: بنيامين التطيلي Binyamin al-Tutayli;‎ Tudela, Kerajaan Navarre, 1130 – Kastilia, 1173) adalah seorang penjelajah Yahudi abad pertengahan yang mengunjungi Eropa, Asia dan Afrika pada abad ke-12. Deskripsinya soal Asia barat mendahului penjelasan Marco Polo selama seratus tahun. Dengan pendidikan luas dan pengetahuan bahasanya, Benyamin dari Tuleda adalah seorang figur besar dalam geografi abad pertengahan dan sejarah Yahudi.

Referensi

• Kramer, Samuel Noah (1963). The Sumerians: Their History, Culture and Character. University of Chicago Press. hlm. 8. OCLC 399046. 
• Provan, Iain William; Long, V. Philips; Longman, Tremper (2003). A Biblical History of Israel. London: Westminster John Knox Press. hlm. 181–183. ISBN 978-0-664-22090-7. 
• Shatzmiller, Joseph (1998). "Jews, Pilgrimage, and the Christian Cult of Saints: Benjamin of Tudela and His Contemporaries". Dalam Goffart, Walter A.; Murray, Alexander C. After Rome's Fall: Narrators and Sources of Early Medieval History. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. hlm. 337–347. ISBN 978-0-8020-0779-7. 
• Saulcy, Louis Félicien Joseph Caignart de; Warren, Edouard de (1854). Narrative of a Journey Round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible Lands; in 1850 and 1851. Including an Account of the Discovery of the Sites of Sodom and Gomorrah (edisi ke-second). London: Parry and M'Millan. hlm. 417–418. OCLC 797925862. 
• Wilson, John Francis (2004). Caesarea Philippi: Banias, the Lost City of Pan. I. B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-85043-440-5. 

Bacaan tambahan

• Komroff, Manuel; Carpini, Giovanni di Plano, abp. of Antivari; Ruysbroeck, Willem van; Odorico, da Pordenone; Benjamin, of Tudela (1928). Contemporaries of Marco Polo, consisting of the travel records to the eastern parts of the world of William of Rubruck (1253–1255); the journey of John of Pian de Carpini (1245–1247); the journal of Friar Odoric (1318–1330) & the oriental travels of Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela (1160–1173). New York: Boni & Liveright. OCLC 3974287. 
• Jewish Virtual Library: "Benjamin of Tudela."
• Anna K. Dulska: “Abrahamic Coexistence in the Twelfth-Century Middle East? Jews among Christians and Muslims in a Travel Account by a Navarrese Jew, Benjamin of Tudela”, Journal of Beliefs & Values, DOI: 10.1080/13617672.2017.1317520, http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/zWEMrqQ8q99rwvTpsQem/full

Pranala luar

• Karya Benjamin of Tudela di Project Gutenberg
• Karya oleh/tentang Benyamin dari Tudela di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
• Video Lecture on Benjamin of Tudela by Henry Abramson of Touro College South