Max Ernst

Max Ernst

Makam Max Ernst di Pemakaman Père-Lachaise, Paris (divisi 87)

Max Ernst, lahir 2 April 1891 di Brühl dan meninggal 1 April 1976 di Paris, merupakan seorang pelukis dan pematung Jerman naturalisasi Amerika Serikat pada 1948 kemudian Prancis pada 1958, yang karyanya berhubungan dengan gerakan dadaisme dan surealisme. Max Ernst adalah putra pelukis Philipp Ernst (1862-1942) dan Louise Kopp.

Karya terpilih

Karya awal, Jerman (1891–1922)

Crucifixion (1913), Museum Wallraf–Richartz, Köln Town with Animals or Landscape (skt. 1916), Museum Solomon R. Guggenheim, New York Aquis Submersus (1919), Städel, Frankfurt am Main Fiat modes (1919), portofolio delapan litografi Trophy, Hypertrophied (1919), Museum of Modern Art, New York Little Machine Constructed by Minimax Dadamax in Person (1919–1920), Peggy Guggenheim Collection

He's Not Very Well, the Hairy-hoofed Horse (1920) GAM Torino Dada Gauguin (1920), Institut Kesenian Chicago Murdering Airplane (1920), Menil Collection, Houston The Hat Makes the Man (1920), Museum of Modern Art, New York The Elephant Celebes (1921), Tate Modern, London Oedipus Rex (1922), koleksi pribadi

Periode Prancis Pertama (1922–1940)

All Friends Together (1922), Museum Wallraf-Richartz, Köln Pietà or Revolution by Night (1923), Tate Modern, London The Wavering Woman (1923), Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf Saint Cecilia (1923), Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart Of This Men Shall Know Nothing (1923) , Tate Modern, London Ubu Imperator (1923), Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale (1924), Museum of Modern Art, New York Woman, Old Man and Flower (1924) , Museum of Modern Art, New York Paris Dream (1924–25), Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven The Blessed Virgin Chastises the Infant Jesus (1926), Museum Ludwig, Köln The Great Forest (1927), Kunstmuseum, Basel Forest and Dove (1927), Tate Modern, London The Wood (1927), National Museum Cardiff, Cardiff Shell Flowers (1929), Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris

Inside Sight: the Egg (1929), Menil Collection, Houston Loplop Introduces Loplop (1930), Menil Collection, Houston Loplop Introduces a Young Girl (1930), Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris Oedipus I and II (both 1934), patung perunggu (banyak) Lunar Asparagus (1935), pahatan plaster, Museum of Modern Art, New York Garden Plane Trap (1934-35), Museum Seni Rupa Philadelphia, Philadelphia The Entire City (1935–36), Kunsthaus, Zürich The Blind Swimmer, Effect of Touch (1934), Museum of Modern Art, New York The Joy of Living (1936), Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburg The Nymph Echo (1936) , Museum of Modern Art, New York The Angel of Hearth and Home (1937), Neue Pinakothek, München The Barbarians (1937), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York The Fascinating Cypress (1940), Museum Sprengel, Hanover The Robing of the Bride (1940), Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venesia

Periode Amerika (1941–1952)

Totem and Taboo (1941), koleksi pribadi [lihat Freud, Totem and Taboo] Marlene (1941), Menil Collection, Houston Napoleon in the Wilderness (1941), Museum of Modern Art, New York Day and Night (1941–42), Menil Collection, Houston The Antipope (1942), Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venesia Europe After the Rain II (1940–42), Wadsworth Athenaeum, Hartford Surrealism and Painting (1942), Menil Collection, Houston The Bewildered Planet (1942), Museum Seni Tel Aviv, Tel-Aviv Vox Angelica (1943), koleksi pribadi Everyone Here Speaks Latin (1943) , New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans Painting for Young People (1943), Menil Collection, Houston Moonmad (1944), patung perunggu (banyak)

An Anxious Friend (1944), patung perunggu (banyak) The Eye of Silence (1944), Washington University Gallery of Art, St. Louis The Temptation of Saint Anthony (1945), Lehmbruck Museum, Duisburg The Phases of the Night (1946), koleksi pribadi Dream and Revolution (1947), koleksi pribadi Design in Nature (1947), Menil Collection, Houston Capricorn (1948), patung perunggu (banyak) A Beautiful Day (1948), ditampilkan dalam Painting toward architecture exhibition (1947-52) Feast of the Gods (1948), Mumok, Wina Paramythes (1949), kolase dengan puisi Inspired Hill (1950), Menil Collection, Houston Spring in Paris (1950), Museum Wallraf-Richartz, Köln

Periode Kedua Prancis (1953–1976)

Colorado of Medusa, Color-Raft of Medusa (1953), koleksi pribadi Cry of the Gull (1953), Menil Collection, Houston Father Rhine (1953), Kunstmuseum, Basel The King Playing with the Queen (1954), patung perunggu (banyak) The Twentieth Century (1955), Menil Collection, Houston Bird-head (1955-56), patung perunggu (banyak) The Dark Gods (1957), Museum Folkwang, Essen Albertus Magnus (1957), Menil Collection, Houston After Me Comes Sleep: Tomb of the Poet (1958), Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris Little Girls out to Hunt the White Butterflies (1958), Museum Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid

Mundus est fabula (1959), Museum of Modern Art, New York The Garden of France (1962), Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris Serenity (1963), Menil Collection, Houston The Marriage of Heaven and Earth (1964), Menil Collection, Houston The World of the Naive (1965), koleksi pribadi Ubu, Father and Son (1966), koleksi pribadi Teaching Staff for a School of Murderers (1967), patung perunggu (banyak) Birth of a Galaxy (1969), Yayasan Beyeler, Riehen The Last Forest (1960–1970), koleksi pribadi The Night Prowling Fish (1974), koleksi pribadi

Cetakan, kolase, dan ilustrasi

Frontispiece for Répétitions by Paul Éluard, 1922

• Ilustrasi untuk buku oleh Paul Éluard: Répétitions (1922), Les malheurs des immortels (1922), Au défaut du silence (1925)
• Histoire Naturelle (skt. 1925–1926), a set of 34 collotypes after frottages
• La femme 100 têtes (1929, novel grafik)
• Rêve d'une petite fille qui voulut entrer au carmel (1930, novel grafik)
• Une Semaine de Bonté (1934, novel grafik)
• Ilustrasi untuk edisi karya oleh Lewis Carroll: Symbolic Logic (1966, dengan judul Logique sans peine), The Hunting of the Snark (1968), dan Lewis Carrols Wunderhorn (1970, sebuah antologi teks)
• Deux Oiseaux (1970, litograf berwarna)
• Aux petits agneaux (1971, litograf)
• Paysage marin avec capucin (1972, buku bergambar dengan esai oleh berbagai penulis)
• Maximiliana: the illegal practice of astronomy : hommage à Dorothea Tanning (1974, buku seni)
• Oiseaux en peril (1975, etsa dengan aquatint berwarna; diterbitkan setelah meninggal)

Referensi

• Spies, Werner, Karin von Maur, Sigrid Metken, Uwe M. Schneede, Sarah Wilson, and Max Ernst. 1991. Max Ernst: A Retrospective. Munchen: Prestel. ISBN 1854370693
• Werner Spies & Sabine Rewald (eds.), Max Ernst: A Retrospective. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art / New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005. Catalogue of exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York: Max Ernst: a retrospective
• John Russell. Max Ernst: life and work (New York, H.N. Abrams, 1967) OCLC 2034599
• Bodley Gallery (New York, N.Y.) Max Ernst : paintings, collages, drawings, sculpture : 30 October – 25 November 1961 : Bodley Gallery, 223 East 60, New York (exhibition catalogue and commentary; published by the gallery, 1961) OCLC 54157692
• Max Ernst Books and Graphic Works. Institut fur Auslandsbeziehungen, 1977.
• Elizabeth Legge. Max Ernst: The Psychoanalytic Sources (UMI, 1989).
• David Hopkins. Marcel Duchamp and Max Ernst: The Bride Shared (Oxford, 1998).
• William Camfield. Max Ernst Dada and the Dawn of Surrealism (MoMA, 1993).

Pranala luar

• Max Ernst di Museum of Modern Art
• Max Ernst, A Retrospective, The Metropolitain Museum of Art
• Paintings in Museums and Public Art Galleries Worldwide, Artcyclopedia
• Works in the National Galleries of Scotland
• Max Ernst di koleksi publik Amerika Serikat, di situs web French Sculpture Census