105×617mmR

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas


105 ×617mm (4,1 inci), juga dikenal sebagai 105×617mmR, adalah kartrid meriam tank standar NATO yang umum digunakan pada senjata 105mm seperti yang berasal dari Royal Ordnance L7.

Kartrid 105×617mmR awalnya dikembangkan dari kartrid Ordnance QF 20-pounder 84×618R kaliber 84 mm (3,3 in) sebagai bagian dari pengembangan meriam rifled L7 105 mm.

Amunisi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Armour-piercing discarding sabot (APDS)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Tahun Bahan Penetrasi Jenis & berat propelan Tekanan ruang Kecepatan moncong Penurunan kecepatan Berat subproyektil tanpa sabot / dengan sabot Perforasi pada kejadian normal dan miring Catatan
L22[1]  United Kingdom 1950s Tungsten carbide
L28A1  United Kingdom 1959 Tungsten carbide (core) and Tungsten alloy cap 5.598 kg of NQ/M 044 310 MPa 1478 m/s 93 m/s (at 1000 m) 185 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.1 kg / 5.84 kg 120 mm at 60° at 914 m[2] Produced under licence by Germany as DM13, used in the Swedish Army as 60 mm Slpprj m/61 and in the Swiss Army as 10,5 Pz Kan 60/61 Pz Ke G Lsp.
L36A1 / M392  United Kingdom 1959 Tungsten carbide (core) and tungsten alloy cap 5.598 kg of NQ/M 044 310 MPa 1478 m/s 93 m/s (at 1000 m) 185 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.1 kg / 5.84 kg 120 mm at 60° at 914 m[2] British designation of the M392 APDS manufactured in the UK for the US Army, it features a safer primer. Quickly replaced in US service by M392A1
M392A1  United States 1960 Tungsten carbide (core) and tungsten alloy cap 5.598 kg of NQ/M 044 1478 m/s 91 m/s (at 1000 m) 181 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.04 kg / NA 127 mm at 60° at 4609 ft/s or ~820 m[3][halaman dibutuhkan] US manufactured version of L36A1/M392. Manufactured to tighter tolerances for improved accuracy, and to correct an issue of in barrel breakup.
M392A2  United States 1964 Tungsten carbide (core) and tungsten alloy cap 5.598 kg of NQ/M 044 1478 m/s 91 m/s (at 1000 m) 181 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.04 kg / NA 127 mm at 60° at 4609 ft/s or ~820 m[4][halaman dibutuhkan] Incorporates the anti-friction ring from L28A1B1.
Slpprj m/62  Sweden 1962 Tungsten carbide (core) 5.9 kg NK1096 310 MPa 1450 m/s 4.5 kg / 6.32 kg 200 mm at 30° obliquity at 1500 m, 140 mm at 55° at 700 m[5] Swedish-developed APDS round with a 57 mm sub-caliber projectile
L52  United Kingdom 1965 or 1966
1968 (L52A2) 		Tungsten alloy (core) and Tungsten alloy (tilt cap) 5.598 kg of NQ/M 047
5.6 kg of NQ/M12 (L52A3)[6] 		310 MPa 1427 m/s 80 m/s (at 1000 m) 158 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.65 kg / 6.48 kg 120 mm at 60° obliquity at 1830 m[7]
280 mm and 254 mm at 0° obliquity at 1000 m and 1500 m respectively[8] 		The L52 introduced an anti-ricochet tilt cap. Produced under licence by US as M728 and used in the Swedish Army as 61 mm Slpprj m/66

Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Ada berbagai cara untuk mengukur nilai penetrasi. NATO menggunakan kriteria bahwa 50% peluru harus menembus pelat), sedangkan standar Soviet/Rusia lebih tinggi yaitu 80% harus melewati pelat). Menurut otoritas seperti Paul Lakowski, perbedaan kinerja bisa mencapai 8%.[9]

Penamaan Asal Desainer & produser Tahun Panjang keseluruhan Berat keseluruhan Bahan penetrator/massa Jenis & berat propelan Tekanan ruang Kecepatan moncong Penurunan kecepatan subproyektil tanpa sabot / dengan sabot Perforasi pada kejadian normal dan miring Catatan
M735  United States Teledyne Firth Stirling 1977 963 mm 17.91 kg Tungsten alloy X11 (core) / 2.16 kg with maraging steel jacket 5.67 kg of M30 415 MPa[10] 1501 m/s 67 m/s (at 1000 m) 133 m/s (at 2000nbsp;m) 3.72 kg / 5.797 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 2930 m (1307 m/s) First serial production APFSDS of the United States. Developed from the 152mm XM578E1 projectile, with increased core length and mass, as well as projectile body length. XM735E2 Standardized as M735 around 1976.
M735A1  United States Primex Technologies 1979 963 mm depleted uranium alloy (core) / 2.2 kg 5.67 kg of M30 1501 m/s ≈370 mm at 0° at 1000 m[6] A further modification of M735, using a depleted uranium core instead of the tungsten alloy core. Never fielded by the U.S. military.
M774  United States Primex Technologies 1980[11] 908.05 mm 17.146 kg Depleted Uranium alloy / 3.4 kg 5.89 kg of M30 1509 m/s 67 m/s (at 1000 m) 134 m/s (at 2000 m) 3.61 kg / 5.775 kg 189 mm at 60° at 1000 m[i] First production monobloc penetrator used by US military tank fleets.
M833  United States Primex Technologies 1983 998.7 mm 17.32 kg Depleted uranium alloy / 3.665 kg 5.8 kg of M30 1494 m/s 54 m/s (at 1000 m) 107 m/s (at 2000 m) / 6.192 kg 420 mm LoS at 60° at 2000 m[12] Second production monobloc round for the 105mm M68 Gun produced by the US, had an increased length to diameter ratio.
M900A1  United States Primex Technologies 1991 1003 mm 18.5 kg Depleted uranium alloy / 3.83 kg or 4.246 kg M43 LOVA 1505 m/s / 6.86 kg Compared to the cancelled XM900 prototype, the M900A1 uses a new sabot, penetrator, and propellant. Designed for the M68A1 and M68A1E4 guns.
FP105  United States Flinchbaugh Company & General Defense Corporation 1980s 927 mm 18 kg tungsten alloy 6.1 kg of M30 or NQ-M044 410 MPa[13] 1485 m/s with NQ/M propellant
1510 m/s with M30 propellant 		3.6 kg / 5.8 kg NATO Heavy Single target in excess of 4000 m and NATO Heavy triple target at 65° obliquity in excess of 6000 m Similar design to the M774, also known as C-76 or C-76A1 in Canada
C127  United States/ Canada Olin Ordnance Ammunition and SNC Industrial Technologies Inc 1991[14] or 1992[15] tungsten alloy 6  kg of Olin cool-burnin BALL or M30 (optional) 411 MPa 1555 m/s-1560 m/s 3.44 kg / 5.8 kg 152 mm at 72° obliquity, 470 mm at 0° obliquity, both at range of 2000 m[16]
CMC 105  United States Chamberlain Manufacturing Corporation early 1990s 998.73 mm 17.15 kg tungsten alloy / 3.31 kg[17] 6.1 kg of M30 415 MPa 1501 m/s 55 m/s 3.56 kg / 5.8 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 4000 m and Heavy Triple at 5700 m or 178 mm at 67° obliquity at range about 2600 m[18] The latest private venture 105 mm APFSDS-T to be developed by the Chamberlain Manufacturing Corporation.
M111 Hetz-6  Israel IMI 1978 885 mm 18.7 kg tungsten alloy 5.8 kg of M30 M 420 MPa
436 MPa (max) 		1455 m/s 48 m/s (at 1000 m) 4.2 kg / 6.275 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 2000 m or 150 mm at 60° obliquity at 2000 m[19] or NATO Single Heavy at 4200 m Produced under licence by Diehl in Germany and in Switzerland. Known as DM23 in the Bundeswehr, Pfeil Pat 78 Lsp in the Swiss Army and 33 mm Slpprj m/80 in the Swedish Army. Also produced by China, designated DTW1-105.
M413 Hetz-7  Israel IMI 1985 990 mm 18.7 kg tungsten alloy 5.8 kg 1450 m/s or 1455 m/s 52 m/s (at 1000 m) 4.1 kg / 6.3 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 6000 m Produced under licence by Diehl in Germany as DM33, also known as PPTFS M/85 LS in the Danish Army and under the CL260 designation on the export market.
M429  Israel IMI c. 1987 tungsten alloy 1450 m/s[20] Relatively equal performance to the M833[21] Also known as FS Mk. 2 Improved in the South African Army or CL3108 (export designation)
M426 Hetz-10  Israel IMI 1990 990 mm 19.2 kg tungsten alloy 6 kg of M26 440 MPa (nominal) 1433 m/s or 1450 m/s[20] / 6.6 kg 450 mm[22] or 470 mm at 2000 m Produced under licence by Diehl in Germany as DM63. Also known as FS Mk. 3 in the South African Army. Also used in modified versions by the Swedish Army (Slpprj m/90C and m/90S).
M428 SWORD  Israel IMI 2003 1000 mm 18.8 kg tungsten alloy 5.8 kg of NC-NG 1505 m/s
24 mm slpprj m/90C  Israel/ Sweden IMI 1990 19.6 kg tungsten alloy 6 kg of NC-NG CEP 2 390 MPa 1481 m/s 4.4 kg / 6 kg Modified version of the Israeli M426 APFSDS.
24 mm slpprj m/90S  Israel/ Sweden IMI 1990 19.6 kg tungsten alloy 6 kg of NC-NG CEP 2 460 MPa 1560 m/s[ii] 4.1 kg / 6 kg Shortened variant (by 15.5 mm) of the Slpprj m/90C with a modified sabot to fit in the Strv 103 autoloader.
OFL 105 F1  France GIAT 1981 985 mm 17.1 kg 18 density tungsten alloy 5.85 kg of B19T 1495 m/s[iii] 60 m/s (at 1000 m)[23] 3.8 kg / 5.8 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 4400 m,[iv] NATO Heavy Triple target at 5000 m[v]
392 mm at point-blank range, 370 mm at 1000 m,[24][vi] 		Fitted with small bearing balls inside its hollow ballistic cap for improved beyond-armour effects against light armoured vehicles.
OFL 105 G2  France GIAT c. 1987 985 mm 18 kg tungsten-nickel-iron alloy 5.85 kg of Wimmis 1490 m/s[vii] 138 m/s (at 2000 m) 4.2 kg / 6.2 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 6200 m,[viii][25] NATO Heavy Triple target at 7800 m[ix]
487 mm at point-blank range 		The OFL 105 G2 uses a high energetic Swiss-made Wimmis double base propellant
OFL 105 G3  France GIAT c. 1987 985 mm tungsten-nickel-iron alloy 5.85 kg of B19T 1460 m/s[x] 4.2 kg / 6.2 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 5600 m,[xi][26] NATO Heavy Triple target at 7200 m[xii]
469 mm at point-blank range 		cheaper variant (15%) of the OFL 105 G2 employing the standard SNPE poudre B propellant
OFL 105 F2  France Giat Industries 1995 990 mm 18 kg depleted uranium 1525 m/s[xiii] / 6.25 kg 520 mm[27] or 540 mm at 2000 m OFL 105 G2 variant with a DU penetrator
L64A4  United Kingdom ROF Birtley 1982 (L64A4) 948 mm 18.91 kg tungsten alloy 5.62 kg of WNC LM1900 426 MPa (nominal)
511 MPa (max) 		1480 m/s-1490 m/s 3.59 kg / 6.12 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 4200 m, NATO Heavy Triple target at 4800 m 28 mm penetrator
H6/62  United Kingdom ROF 1987[28] 990 mm 18.5 kg tungsten-nickel-iron alloy 5.62 kg of WNC LM1900 426 MPa (nominal)
511 MPa (max) 		1490 m/s 55 m/s (1000  m) 3.59 kg / 6.12 kg NATO Heavy Single target at 5000 m, NATO Heavy Triple targetat 6000 m,[29] 360  mm at 2000 m[30] 25 mm penetrator
T-2-series  United Kingdom Royal Ordnance Speciality Metals 1994 1030 mm 19 kg tungsten-nickel-iron alloy multi-base granular 1420 m/s 48 m/s (1000  m) 30 to 40% greater than that of current 105 mm APFSDS rounds 540 mm RHA at 2000 m[31] Designed to be exclusively fired by the high pressure Royal Ordnance Improved Weapon System (IWS), the T-2-series APFSDS features a stub brass cartridge case and a combustible sleeve, penetrator diameter is 28 mm for a length-to-diameter ratio of 23:1.
DM43  Germany Rheinmetall late 1980s or early 1990s 941 mm 18 kg tungsten alloy 420 MPa 1475 m/s[32] 4.3 kg / 6.1 kg or 6.3 kg NATO triple heavy target at 5500 m
NP105A2  Austria Ennstaler Metallwerk GmBH (designer) Noricum (producer) 1984[33] 980 mm 19.3 kg tungsten-nickel-iron, Tungalloy T-176FA alloy 435 MPa (nominal)
495 MPa (max)[34] 		1485 m/s 72 m/s (1000  m)
128 m/s (2000  m) 		3.7 kg / NATO Heavy Single Target at 5800 m,[35] NATO Heavy Triple target at 6500 m and 473 mm at 1000 m[24] or 127 mm of HD9 armour plate at 73°[36] at unknown range.
HP 105 A2M  Austria Hirtenberger AG T 176 tungsten alloy 105-SCDB multitubular propellant 430 MPa 1535 m/s NATO Heavy Single Target at more than 7000 m, NATO Heavy Triple target at 7500 m[37]
C-437  Spain Empresa Nacional Bazán and Santa Bárbara Sistemas 1984 928 mm 18 kg tungsten alloy 5.85 kg of B19T 1485 m/s[xiv] / 5.65 kg NATO Heavy Triple target and the Heavy Single target, both at 5000 m[38] Fitted with three DENAL wads under the windshield and around the penetrator core to prepare the penetration zone and prevents rebound from armour on impact at high angles of incidence. The penetration hole is between 60 and 70 mm in diameter.
C-512  Spain Santa Bárbara Sistemas 996 mm 18 kg tungsten alloy 5.7 kg of B19T 345 MPa 1480 m/s[xv] / 5.925 kg NATO Heavy Triple target at 4550 m and 120 mm target at 70° at 3500 m[39] the C-512 is similar to the C-437 but use a slightly longer and heavier penetrator
NR 331[40]  Belgium PRB 1980s tungsten alloy
M1001  Belgium MECAR 1980s tungsten alloy 1525 m/s 3.8 kg / 5.8 kg is equivalent in performance to the FP105 APFSDS
M1050  Belgium MECAR late 1980s-early 1990s 927 mm 17.7 kg tungsten alloy 1510 m/s / 5.8 kg is equivalent in performance to the FP105 APFSDS
M1060A1  Belgium MECAR 1995 980 mm 18 kg tungsten-nickel-iron alloy[41] 1510 m/s / 5.8 kg 400 mm RHA at 60° LoS at 2000 m Has comparable performance to the US M833 but without the problems associated with depleted uranium
M1060A2  Belgium MECAR late 1990s 990 mm 18.5 kg tungsten alloy 5.9 kg 1450 m/s-1460 m/s[xvi] / 6.2 kg 440 mm RHA at 60° LoS at 2000 m"105mm TK APFSDS-T M1060A2" (PDF). Nexter. 2018.  This model of KE is a major product improvement of the MECAR M1060A1 APFSDS-T.
M1060A3  Belgium MECAR 2004 1000 mm 18.7 kg tungsten alloy 6.2 kg of JA2 1560 m/s[xvii] / 6.2 kg 500 mm RHA at 60° LoS at 2000 m[42]
M1060CV  Belgium MECAR 2004 tungsten alloy 6.2 kg of SCDB 1620 m/s / 6.2 kg 560 mm RHA at 60° LoS at 2000 m[43] Designed for use with the Cockerill 105HP high-pressure gun.
XC127 Excalibur  United States/ France/ United Kingdom Primex Technologies, Giat Industries and RO Defence. 1990s 1010 mm tungsten alloy X27X / 3.18 kg 6 kg of BALL 411 MPa (ball) to 414 MPa (granular) 1560 m/s / 5.8 kg ≥480 mm RHA at 0° obliquity or 150 mm RHA at 72° both at 2000 m Exhibits similar penetration performance to the first generation of 120 mm APFSDS rounds.[44]
Type 93  Japan Daikin 1993 983 mm 17.7 kg tungsten alloy 6.2 kg 1501 m/s 3.4 kg / 5.8 kg 430 mm at 2000 m
M9718  South Africa Denel 950 mm 18.5 kg tungsten alloy 350 to 400 MPa 450 mm at 3000 m[45]
K270  South Korea Poongsan Corporation and Daewoo Corporation 1980s tungsten alloy 1508 m/s 52 m/s / 5.36 kg 152 mm at 60° obliquity at 3000 m[46]
K273  South Korea Poongsan Corporation and Daewoo Corporation late 1980s or early 1990s tungsten alloy The K273 penetrator has a greater diameter-to-length ratio than the one of the K270.[47]
K274  South Korea Poongsan Corporation 1998 1001 mm 18.7 kg tungsten alloy M30 461.9 MPa 1495 m/s / 6.23 kg 225 mm at 60° obliquity at 2000 m
480 mm at 3000 m[46]
K274N  South Korea Poongsan Corporation 2002 tungsten alloy (2.4 kg) SCDB 1550 m/s[48] >500 mm at 60° obliquity at 2000 m[49]
105 mm FSAPDS  India Indian Ordnance Facotry Board (designer) and Ordnance factory of Khamaria Complex (producer) 1996 tungsten alloy 4.3 kg or 5.1 kg 1450 m/s / 6.3 kg 150 mm at 60° obliquity at 1300 m
APFS DS 105mm  Pakistan National Development Complex (NDC) 2001 depleted uranium 1450 m/s more than 450 mm at unknown range[50]
P1A1  Pakistan Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF) tungsten alloy 5.62 kg of NQM046 434 MPa 1490 m/s 3.59 kg / 6.12 kg 300 mm at 0° obliquity at unknown range[51] Licensed version of the British L64 APFSDS.
DTW2  China NORINCO before 2006 1066 mm 18.8 kg tungsten alloy 5.9 kg of SD16 + SD16A 511 MPa (max) 1530 m/s 3.775 kg / 6 kg 150 mm at 71° obliquity at 2000 m Also known under 105-II designation.
BTA2  China NORINCO 1100 mm 18.8 kg tungsten alloy 5.8 kg 1540 m/s 40 m/s (at 1000 m) / 5.9 kg 220 mm at 66° obliquity at 2000 m BTA2 is an export designation.
Anti tank 105 mm APFSDS – T  Iran Defense Industries Organization (DIO) 2010s 19 kg tungsten alloy / 5.3 kg 460 mm at unknown range[52]

High explosive anti-tank (HEAT)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Desainer & produser Tahun Jenis Berat, putaran lengkap (kg) Berat proyektil (kg) Pengisian bahan peledak (kg) Kecepatan moncong (m/s) Perforasi pada kejadian normal dan miring Catatan
OCC 105 F1  France early 1960s non-rotating 22.2 kg 10.95 kg 0.78 kg of HBX 1000 m/s 400 mm or 152 mm @ 64° at any range[53]
M456 HEAT-T[xviii]  United States 1961 (M456)
1966 (M456A1)
1980 (M456A2) 		fin-stabilized 21.8 kg 10.2 kg 0.97 kg of Composition B 1173.5 m/s 175 mm @ 60° at any range On detonation, viable anti-personnel fragments are scattered over a radius of at least 15 m.[6]
The M456A2 differs mainly in having a different method of fixing the nose impact switch assembly so that the warhead will detonate on graze or shoulder impact on any part of the projectile body.
Produced under license by Japan as Type 91 HEAT-MP and by Germany as DM12.
M152/6  Israel 2000s fin-stabilized M152/3 (licence-built M456) upgraded with an airburst fuze
 Spain/ Germany DEFTEC 1992 fin-stabilized 22 kg 10 kg 1.4 kg or 1.5 kg 1174 m/s Visually similar to the US M456 round but includes a detonation wave shaper for increased armour penetration.[butuh rujukan] Also has a greater fragmentation effect.
L51 HEAT-T  Italy Simmel Difesa fin-stabilized 22.1 kg 10.25 kg 0.97 kg of Composition B 1173 m/s superior than the standard M456A1 model
CH-105-MZ HEAT-T  Spain Santa Bárbara Sistemas fin-stabilized 22 kg 10.3 kg 1.25 kg of HWC 94.5/4.5/1 1173 m/s 443 mm of RHA at any range
DTP1A  China NORINCO 2012 fin-stabilized 22 kg 1154 m/s visually similar to the US M456 projectile but incorporates an anti-ERA feature

High-explosive squash head (HESH)[sunting | sunting sumber]

High-Explosive Squash Head (HESH) / High explosive plastic (HEP)[xix]
Penamaan Asal Tahun Berat, putaran lengkap Berat proyektil Isian yang mudah meledak Kecepatan moncong Catatan
L35 HESH  United Kingdom 1962 (L35A2) 20.02 kg 11.35 kg 5.1 kg[6] of Composition A-3 (L35A1)
1.97 kg of Hexogen 		732 m/s used by the Swedish army as Spgr m/61
M393 HEP-T  United States 1965 (M393A1) 21.2 kg 11.3 kg 2.86 kg of Composition A-3 (M393A1)
2.994 kg of Composition A-3 (M393A2)

3.25 kg of Composition A-3 (M393A3)

731.5 m/s Produced under license by Japan as Type75 HEP-T and by Germany as DM502
M156 HESH-T (HEP-T)  Israel 21.2 kg 11.3 kg 2.2 kg of Composition A-3 731 m/s Equivalent to the L35 HESH-T and M393A1/A2 HEP-T

High explosive (HE)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Tahun Berat, putaran lengkap Massa proyektil Isian yang mudah meledak Kecepatan moncong Catatan
OE 105 F1  France 1960 21 kg 12.1 kg 2 kg of RDX/TNT 770 m/s Has been referred as the OC 105 or OE Modèle 60 in the past.
Slsgr m/61 A  Sweden 24.37 kg 14.4 kg 1.83 kg of TNT 650 m/s
10,5 Pz Kan 60/61 St G Mz 54 Lsp  Switzerland 600 m/s[54]
M110 HE-MP-T  Israel 23.5 kg 13.6 kg ≈1 kg of CLX66 800 m/s Capable of penetrating double reinforced concrete walls >200mm,[55] its electronic fuze has three modes
M9210  South Africa 24.5 kg TNT/HNS 700 m/s 17 m lethal radius, maximum range 10–12 km[45]
MKE Mod 233  Turkey 24.505 kg 1.99 kg of TNT 683 m/s Max range 11 km
P1A1 HE/TK  Pakistan 28.11 kg 16.6 kg 1.9 kg of TNT 850 m/s Maximum range : 14.5 km

Smoke shells[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Tahun Berat, putaran lengkap Massa proyektil Kecepatan moncong Isian Catatan
L39A SMK  United Kingdom 1961 or 1962 26.47 kg 19.6 kg 330 m/s 3.3 kg of hexachloroethane and zinc oxide Used by the Swedish army as Rökgr m/61
M416 WP-T  United States 1960s 207 kg
(456 pon 6 oz) 		114 kg
(251 pon 5 oz) 		732 m/s 2.72 kg of white phosphorus
OFUM PH 105 F1  France 1960s 185 kg
(407 pon 14 oz) 		121 kg
(266 pon 12 oz) 		695 m/s 1.77 kg of white phosphorus + 0.12 kg hexolite burster charge 75 m-wide smoke screen for 40 seconds

Anti-personnel[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Tahun Jenis Berat, putaran lengkap Massa proyektil Kecepatan moncong Isian Catatan
L15A1 CAN  United Kingdom canister
M1204  Belgium canister 195 kg
(429 pon 14 oz) 		8.3 kg 1.173 m/s
(3.850 ft/s) 		1130 steel spheres of a diameter of 11 mm 200 m
(660 ft) effective range
M494 APERS-T  United States 1967 beehive 2.494 kg
(5.498 pon 5 oz) 		14 kg
(30 pon 14 oz) 		821 m/s 5000 0.8 g steel flechettes and a dye marker
M1040  United States canister 239 kg
(526 pon 14 oz) 		1.041 m/s
(3.420 ft/s) 		2080 tungsten spheres[56] 300 m
(980 ft) effective range
TC800  Australia early 1990s canister 800 cylindrical pellets, each measuring 12.7 mm×12.7 mm[57] cone-shaped dispersion within a 10° angle out to a maximum range of 300 m[58]
APAM-MP-T M117/1  Israel 2000s cluster 24.7 kg 14.4 kg 800 m/s 6 submunitions APAM-MP-T [he]
M436 STUN  Israel 2000s less-than-lethal 144 kg
(317 pon 7 oz) 		25 kg
(55 pon 2 oz) 		plastic flakes Flash, bang and blast effects. "less-than-lethal" cartridge[59]

Illuminating[sunting | sunting sumber]

Penamaan Asal Tahun Weight, complete round Projectile mass Muzzle velocity Isian Efek Catatan
OECL 105 F1  France late 1960s 20.5 kg 11.5 kg or 11.7 kg 0.46 kg of illuminant 275 m/s Illuminates 300 m diameter area with more than 5 lux and a 900 m diameter area with more than 1 lux for 35 seconds.[butuh rujukan]
DM16  Germany 22.7 kg 16 kg 280 m/s

Gun launched anti-tank guided missile (GLATGM)[sunting | sunting sumber]

Amunisi Asal Desainer & produser Tahun Berat, putaran lengkap Massa rudal Kecepatan moncong Kecepatan pelayaran Jangkauan Hulu ledak Perforasi pada kejadian normal dan miring Sistem bimbingan Catatan
FALARICK 105  Ukraine/ Belgium CMI Defence and Luch Design Bureau 2010s 24 kg subsonic 5000 m tandem HEAT >550 mm semi-automatic laser beam-riding
LAHAT  Israel Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) 1990s 16 kg 13 kg 300 m/s 280 m/s 6000 m (direct fire) 2.5 kg tandem HEAT with optional delay function semi-active laser guided (direct fire or indirect fire mode)
Excalibur  Israel Israel Military Industries (IMI) 2000s 23 kg 750 m/s infrared or millimeter-wave radar
Spear  Germany Diehl Stiftung & Co, Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and KPB Instrument Design Bureau 1999 25.4 kg 5500 m tandem HEAT warhead 750 mm semi-automatic laser beam)riding

Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Ogorkiewicz, Richard M (1991). Technology of Tanks. United Kingdom: Jane's Information Group Limited. hlm. 424. ISBN 0-7106-0595-1. 
  2. ^ a b Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. hlm. 79. ISBN 978-0710605955. 
  3. ^ "AD317307 Evaluation of Preproduction Shot, APDS, 105mm, M392A1 for M68 Gun". Aberdeen Proving Ground. 1960 – via archive.org. 
  4. ^ "AD317307 Evaluation of Preproduction Shot, APDS, 105mm, M392A1 for M68 Gun". Aberdeen Proving Ground. 1960 – via archive.org. 
  5. ^ "Armor penetration of Swedish tank and anti-tank weapons". tanks.mod16.org. Diakses tanggal 15 February 2021. 
  6. ^ a b c d "Jane's Ammunition Handbook" (PDF). Jane's. Diakses tanggal 2 January 2022. 
  7. ^ Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. hlm. 79. ISBN 978-0710605955. 
  8. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. hlm. 142. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  9. ^ Pokonać pancerz! Część III – dane amunicji APFSDS-T Diarsipkan 2018-07-02 di Wayback Machine. (dalam bahasa Polandia)
  10. ^ Rocchio, Joseph J. (3 February 1983). "105mm Enhanced Gun". Memorandum for Commander, USAARMC. (dalam bahasa English). Department of the Army: 4. 
  11. ^ TM 43-0001-28. Technical Manual Army Ammunition Data Sheets for Artillery Ammunition. Washington, DC: Headquarters Department of the Army. 1994. hlm. 2–103. 
  12. ^ Jacobson, Michael R (March–April 1990). "Antiarmor: What you don't know may kill you" (PDF). Infantry. Vol. 80 no. 2. hlm. 39 – via www.benning.army.mil. 
  13. ^ "105mm C76A1 KE" (PDF). www.gd-ots.com. Diakses tanggal 29 December 2021. 
  14. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: Jane's Information Group. hlm. 135. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  15. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. hlm. 140. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  16. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. hlm. 140. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  17. ^ Ness, Leland; Anthony. G. Willams (2006). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2006-2007. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group Limited. hlm. 322. ISBN 978 0 7106 2746 9. 
  18. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: Jane's Information Group. hlm. 150. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  19. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: Jane's Information Group. hlm. 104. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  20. ^ a b Venter, Dewald (2020). South African armoured vehicles a history of innovation and excellence. Warwick, England: Helion & Company Limited. hlm. 60. ISBN 978-1-915113-26-9. 
  21. ^ Department of Defense Appropriations for 1990. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1989. hlm. 243. 
  22. ^ Venter, Dewald (2020). South African armoured vehicles a history of innovation and excellence. Warwick, England: Helion & Company Limited. hlm. 60. ISBN 978-1-915113-26-9. 
  23. ^ "GIAT 120mm105mm90mm French APFSDS ammunition". 12 November 2022. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 November 2022. Diakses tanggal 12 November 2022. 
  24. ^ a b Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. hlm. 82. ISBN 978-0710605955. 
  25. ^ International Defense Review 9/1987 (dalam bahasa Inggris). Jane's Publishing Group. 1987. hlm. 1245. 
  26. ^ International Defense Review 9/1987 (dalam bahasa Inggris). Jane's Publishing Group. 1987. hlm. 1245. 
  27. ^ "IHSJane'sWeaponsAmmunition" (PDF). ihs.com. Diakses tanggal 21 May 2020. 
  28. ^ "Eye to Increasing Export Share". docplayer.net. Forecast International. Diakses tanggal 4 November 2021. 
  29. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  30. ^ "R.O. H6/6 as advertised". 1 August 2022. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 August 2022. Diakses tanggal 1 August 2022. 
  31. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. hlm. 150. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  32. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: ane's Information Group. hlm. 98. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  33. ^ Foss, Christopher F.; Cullen, Tony (1988). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Systems 1988-1989. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0710608640. 
  34. ^ Foss, Christopher F.; Cullen, Tony (1988). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Systems 1988-1989. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0710608640. 
  35. ^ Foss, Christopher F.; Cullen, Tony (1988). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Systems 1988-1989. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0710608640. 
  36. ^ "The effect of a Noricum 105A2 APFSDS". 12 November 2022. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 November 2022. Diakses tanggal 12 November 2022. 
  37. ^ Ness, Leland; Anthony. G. Willams (2006). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2006-2007. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group Limited. hlm. 324. ISBN 978 0 7106 2746 9. 
  38. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: ane's Information Group. hlm. 123. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  39. ^ IHS Jane's Weapons: Ammunition 2012-2013. Janes Information Group. February 2012. ISBN 978-0710630223. 
  40. ^ Foss, Christopher F.; Cullen, Tony (1988). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Systems 1988-1989. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0710608640. 
  41. ^ Laur, Timothy M.; Llanso, Steven L. (1995). ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MODERN U.S. MILITARY WEAPONS. New York: Berkley Books. hlm. 189. ISBN 0-425-16437-3. 
  42. ^ "105 mm Tank Ammunition". Mecar. 2019. 
  43. ^ "CMI防务公司展示改进型105毫米坦克炮(附图)". jczs.news.sina.com.cn (dalam bahasa Chinese). 21 August 2004. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2022. 
  44. ^ "105mm Excalibur Introduced". docplayer.net. Forecast International. Diakses tanggal 4 November 2021. 
  45. ^ a b "R96.8m for Olifant, Rooikat ammo". defenceWeb (dalam bahasa Inggris). 18 August 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 December 2020. 
  46. ^ a b "105 mm K270, K273 and K274 APFSDS-T cartridge". GFKJQB. Diakses tanggal 2 August 2022. 
  47. ^ Ness, Leland; Anthony. G. Willams (2006). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 2006-2007. Coulsdon, Surrey: Jane's Information Group Limited. hlm. 324. ISBN 978 0 7106 2746 9. 
  48. ^ Sheldon. "신형 105mm 날개안정철갑탄(K274N)". m.blog.naver.com. Diakses tanggal 2 August 2022. 
  49. ^ "K274N / K276 / K279 APFSDS탄". Sheldon's Military. 7 November 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 August 2022. Diakses tanggal 26 August 2022. 
  50. ^ "Pakistan joins DU producer nations". janes.com. Jane's International Defence Review. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2001-12-21. Diakses tanggal 26 November 2021. 
  51. ^ "Tank & Anti-Tank Ammunition". dokumen.tips. Pakistan Ordnance Factories. Diakses tanggal 14 February 2021. 
  52. ^ "SECTION 2 AMMUNITION & METALLURGY I N D U S T R I E S G R O U P". pdfslide.net. DIO DEFENSE INDUSTRIES ORGANIZATION. Diakses tanggal 14 February 2021. 
  53. ^ International Defense Review 1/1972 (dalam bahasa Inggris). Interavia SA. 1987. hlm. 162. 
  54. ^ Wilhelm, Odermatt (1995). Die Hauptmunition der Kampfpanzer. hlm. 20. 
  55. ^ "Elbit Systems Land Portfolio" (PDF). elbitsystems.com. Diakses tanggal 3 January 2022. 
  56. ^ "M1040 Canister" (PDF). jpeoaa.army.mil. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 23 January 2022. Diakses tanggal 29 December 2021. 
  57. ^ Gander, Terry; Hogg, Ian (1 December 1993). Jane's Ammunition Handbook 1994-95. Jane's Information Group. hlm. 140. ISBN 978-0710611673. 
  58. ^ Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: Jane's Information Group. hlm. 69–70. ISBN 978-0710610799. 
  59. ^ "Elbit Systems Land Portfolio" (PDF). elbitsystems.com. Diakses tanggal 3 January 2022. 


Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tag <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "lower-roman", tapi tidak ditemukan tag <references group="lower-roman"/> yang berkaitan

Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=105×617mmR&oldid=25557729"