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Undang-Undang Build Back Better

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Undang-Undang Build Back Better
Great Seal of the United States
Judul lengkapUntuk menyediakan rekonsiliasi menurut pasal II S. Con. Res. 14.
Disahkan olehKongres Amerika Serikat ke-117
Riwayat legislatif

Undang-Undang Build Back Better adalah rancangan undang-undang yang diajukan di Kongres ke-117 untuk memenuhi aspek Rencana Build Back Better Presiden Joe Biden. Rancangan undang-undang ini dipisahkan dari American Jobs Plan di samping Undang-Undang Investasi dan Pekerjaan Infrastruktur sebagai paket rekonsiliasi Partai Demokrat senilai $3,5 triliun yang mencakup ketentuan yang berkaitan dengan perubahan iklim dan kebijakan sosial. Setelah perundingan, nilainya diturunkan menjadi sekitar $2,2 triliun. Rancangan undang-undang ini disahkan dengan 220 suara mendukung berbanding 213 suara menolak oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat pada 19 November 2021.

Di tengah perundingan dan prosedur parlementer, Senator Joe Manchin secara terbuka menarik dukungannya dari rancangan undang-undang ini karena tidak sesuai dengan biaya yang ia bayangkan sekitar $1,75 triliun. Meskipun undang-undang ini membutuhkan kesemua 50 senator Partai Demokrat untuk lulus melalui rekonsiliasi, rancangan undang-undang ini diperkirakan akan menerima pemungutan suara formal Senat pada awal tahun 2022.

Latar belakang

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Before the bill was spun off from the American Jobs Plan (AJP), on April 5, 2021, Senator Joe Manchin proposed raising the corporate tax rate from 21% to 25%, instead of the 28% Biden originally called for.[1] On May 25, Republican senators Pat Toomey and Roger Wicker indicated a lack of support within their caucus to change aspects of the 2017 tax act, and suggested repurposing unspent COVID-19 relief funds.[2][3] On May 28, Biden released details of a $6 trillion budget proposal for the fiscal year of 2022, which would raise taxes on corporations and millionaires to pay for both the AJP and the American Families Plan (AFP) over 15 years.[4][5] On June 3, White House press secretary Jen Psaki announced a tweaked AJP proposal that would not increase taxes on corporations, in exchange for closing loopholes and requiring them to pay at least 15%.[6] On June 5, finance ministers from Group of Seven announced that they would support a global 15% corporate tax minimum.[7]

On May 17, seven Democrats on the House Ways and Means Committee signed a letter to the president asking him to prioritize enhanced unemployment insurance (UI) and direct payments (in the style of those included in response to COVID-19 and the related recession) in the AFP. The letter cited Biden's promise to include the former adjusted to "economic conditions", but further that the latter also "served as [a lifeline] to families and workers that have had their lives upended by the pandemic".[8] Previously, on March 31, 21 Senate Democrats sent Biden a letter in favor of further stimulus payments and UI, and in April, the Economic Security Project reported that two additional direct payments could keep 12 million Americans out of poverty.[9]

On May 28, Senate Parliamentarian Elizabeth MacDonough indicated that the current rules dictate that the reconciliation process should not be used more than once during a fiscal year.[10] A majority in the Senate Budget Committee would be needed to change this.[11] On June 3, Senator Manchin advocated against using reconciliation, though other Democrats supported it.[12][2] On June 16, Senate Majority Leader Charles Schumer met with the Democratic members of the Senate Budget Committee to discuss the option of passing a budget resolution using reconciliation.[13] Democrats were reportedly considering such a bill around $6 trillion.[14] In late June, Manchin said he was open to adjusting the 2017 tax bill[15] and stated his support for a $2 trillion reconciliation bill.[16]

On June 24, a bipartisan group met with the president and reached a $1.2 trillion bipartisan deal focusing on physical infrastructure (such as roads, bridges, railways, water, sewage, broadband, and electric vehicles). Biden stipulated that a separate "human infrastructure" bill (such as child care, home care, and climate change) must also pass, whether through bipartisanship or reconciliation,[17] but later walked back this position.[18] White House officials stated on July 7 that legislative text was nearing completion.[19] On July 14, the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee advanced an energy bill expected to be included in the bipartisan package.[20] House Speaker Nancy Pelosi similarly stated that the House would not vote on the physical infrastructure bill until the larger bill passes in the Senate,[21][22] but later walked back this position as well, as the physical infrastructure package passed the House on November 5 and was signed into law before the larger bill had received a vote.[23]

Referensi

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  1. ^ Wasson, Erik; Dennis, Steven T. (April 5, 2021). "Manchin Balks at Biden's Corporate Tax Increase, Favors 25% Rate". Bloomberg.com. Diakses tanggal July 13, 2021. 
  2. ^ a b Everett, Burgess; Levine, Marianne (May 24, 2021). "'Time to move on': Infrastructure talks near collapse". Politico (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal May 25, 2021. 
  3. ^ Pramuk, Jacob (May 25, 2021). "Republicans plan to send Biden nearly $1 trillion infrastructure counteroffer this week". CNBC (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal May 25, 2021. 
  4. ^ Pettypiece, Shannon; Sarlin, Benjy; Perlmutter-Gumbiner, Elyse (May 28, 2021). "Biden's $6 trillion budget proposal calls for surge in domestic spending, higher taxes". NBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal May 29, 2021. 
  5. ^ Iacurci, Greg (May 28, 2021). "Biden budget reiterates 43.4% top capital gains tax rate for millionaires". CNBC (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal May 29, 2021. 
  6. ^ Garrison, Joey (June 3, 2021). "Biden offers to keep 2017 Trump tax cuts intact in infrastructure counteroffer to GOP". USA Today (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 3, 2021. 
  7. ^ Suliman, Adela (June 5, 2021). "G-7 strikes landmark deal on taxing multinational tech giants". NBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 5, 2021. 
  8. ^ "Letter to President Biden Regarding Automatic Stabilizers" (PDF). U.S. Representative Jimmy Gomez. May 17, 2021. Diakses tanggal 2021-06-23. 
  9. ^ Sheffey, Ayelet (April 22, 2021). "Sending 4th and 5th stimulus checks could keep 12 million Americans out of poverty, report finds". Business Insider (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-06-24. 
  10. ^ Krawzak, Paul M. (June 2, 2021). "Democrats' reconciliation strategy dealt blow by Senate parliamentarian". Roll Call (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 2, 2021. 
  11. ^ Bolton, Alexander (June 2, 2021). "Parliamentarian: Democrats only get one more chance to sidestep GOP this year". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 3, 2021. 
  12. ^ Carney, Jordain (June 3, 2021). "Manchin isn't ready to support Democrats passing infrastructure on their own". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 4, 2021. 
  13. ^ Bolton, Alexander (June 15, 2021). "Schumer to trigger reconciliation process on Wednesday". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 16, 2021. 
  14. ^ Carrasco, Maria (June 20, 2021). "Sanders won't back infrastructure deal with more gas taxes, electric vehicle fees". Politico (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 21, 2021. 
  15. ^ Carney, Jordain (June 24, 2021). "Manchin says Democratic-only infrastructure bill 'inevitable'". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 28, 2021. 
  16. ^ Zeballos-Roig, Joseph (June 27, 2021). "Joe Manchin indicated he would cut a Democratic-only infrastructure plan to $2 trillion so it doesn't grow the national debt". Business Insider (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 28, 2021. 
  17. ^ Garrison, Joey; King, Ledyard (June 24, 2021). "'We have a deal': Biden reaches $1.2 trillion infrastructure compromise with bipartisan group of senators". USA Today (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 24, 2021. 
  18. ^ Newburger, Emma (June 27, 2021). "Republican senators say bipartisan infrastructure deal can move forward after Biden clarifies position". CNBC (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 28, 2021. 
  19. ^ Barrón-López, Laura; Everett, Burgess (July 7, 2021). "Democrats race to push bipartisan infrastructure bill through Senate". Politico (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal July 8, 2021. 
  20. ^ Frazin, Rachel (July 14, 2021). "Senate committee advances bipartisan energy infrastructure bill". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal July 16, 2021. 
  21. ^ Marcos, Cristina (June 24, 2021). "Pelosi vows no vote on bipartisan deal without Senate action on reconciliation". The Hill (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal June 24, 2021. 
  22. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama :16
  23. ^ Pettypiece, Shannon (November 15, 2021). "Biden signs infrastructure bill marking victory in hard-fought legislative battle". NBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal November 15, 2021. 

Templat:Joe Biden