Kekristenan pada abad ke-2: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Berkas:Ignatius of Antioch 2.jpg|300px|jmpl|ka|[[Ignatius dari Antiokhia]], salah satu [[Bapa Apostolik]] dan [[Uskup Antiokhia]] ketiga, dianggap merupakan murid dari [[Rasul Yohanes]]. Dalam perjalanannya menuju kemartirannya di [[Roma]] (sekitar tahun 108), Ignatius menulis serangkaian surat yang menjadi contoh dari [[teologi Kristen]] akhir abad ke-1 sampai awal abad ke-2.]] |
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'''Kekristenan pada abad ke-2''' kebanyakan adalah zaman [[Bapa-Bapa Apostolik]] yang menjadi [[Murid (Kristen)|murid-murid]] dari [[Rasul (Kristen)|para rasul]] [[Yesus]], meskipun ada beberapa rasul seperti [[Rasul Yohanes]] yang masih hidup pada abad ke-2 dan [[Klemens dari Roma]] yang dikatakan wafat pada akhir abad ke-1. Meskipun [[gereja Kristen]] berpusat di Yerusalem pada abad ke-1, kelompok tersebut menjadi terdesentralisasi pada abad ke-2.<ref>Langan, ''The Catholic Tradition'' (1998), pp.55, 115</ref> Abad ke-2 juga adalah masa kemunculan beberapa orang yang kemudian dinyatakan [[bidah]], seperti [[Marcion dari Sinope|Marcion]], [[Valentinus (Gnostik)|Valentinius]], dan [[Montanisme|Montanus]]. |
'''Kekristenan pada abad ke-2''' kebanyakan adalah zaman [[Bapa-Bapa Apostolik]] yang menjadi [[Murid (Kristen)|murid-murid]] dari [[Rasul (Kristen)|para rasul]] [[Yesus]], meskipun ada beberapa rasul seperti [[Rasul Yohanes]] yang masih hidup pada abad ke-2 dan [[Klemens dari Roma]] yang dikatakan wafat pada akhir abad ke-1. Meskipun [[gereja Kristen]] berpusat di Yerusalem pada abad ke-1, kelompok tersebut menjadi terdesentralisasi pada abad ke-2.<ref>Langan, ''The Catholic Tradition'' (1998), pp.55, 115</ref> Abad ke-2 juga adalah masa kemunculan beberapa orang yang kemudian dinyatakan [[bidah]], seperti [[Marcion dari Sinope|Marcion]], [[Valentinus (Gnostik)|Valentinius]], dan [[Montanisme|Montanus]]. |
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Meskipun pemakaian istilah [[Kristen]] tercantum dalam kitab Kisah Para Rasul dari pertengahan abad ke-1, pemakaian tercatat terawal dari istilah ''[[Kekristenan]]'' (Yunani: {{lang|grc|Χριστιανισμός}}) adalah oleh [[Ignatius dari Antiokhia]] pada sekitar tahun 107 Masehi,<ref>Walter Bauer, ''Greek-English Lexicon''</ref><ref>[[Ignatius of Antioch]] [http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/ignatius-magnesians-roberts.html Letter to the Magnesians] 10, Letter to the Romans ([http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/ANF-01/anf01–19.htm#P1838_311890 Roberts-Donaldson tr.], [http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/ignatius-romans-lightfoot.html Lightfoot tr.], [http://www.ccel.org/l/lake/fathers/ignatius-romans.htm Greek text])</ref> yang juga dikaitkan dengan [[Sabat dalam Kekristenan|modifikasi sabat]], penahbisan [[uskup]] dan kritik [[Yudaiser]]. |
Meskipun pemakaian istilah [[Kristen]] tercantum dalam kitab Kisah Para Rasul dari pertengahan abad ke-1, pemakaian tercatat terawal dari istilah ''[[Kekristenan]]'' (Yunani: {{lang|grc|Χριστιανισμός}}) adalah oleh [[Ignatius dari Antiokhia]] pada sekitar tahun 107 Masehi,<ref>Walter Bauer, ''Greek-English Lexicon''</ref><ref>[[Ignatius of Antioch]] [http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/ignatius-magnesians-roberts.html Letter to the Magnesians] 10, Letter to the Romans ([http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/ANF-01/anf01–19.htm#P1838_311890 Roberts-Donaldson tr.], [http://earlychristianwritings.com/text/ignatius-romans-lightfoot.html Lightfoot tr.], [http://www.ccel.org/l/lake/fathers/ignatius-romans.htm Greek text])</ref> yang juga dikaitkan dengan [[Sabat dalam Kekristenan|modifikasi sabat]], penahbisan [[uskup]] dan kritik [[Yudaiser]]. |
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==Catatan== |
== Catatan == |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Referensi== |
== Referensi == |
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*Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, ''The Romans: From Village to Empire'', Oxford University Press (2004), {{ISBN|0-19-511875-8}} |
* Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, ''The Romans: From Village to Empire'', Oxford University Press (2004), {{ISBN|0-19-511875-8}} |
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*Davidson, Ivor J., ''The Birth of the Church: From Jesus to Constantine, A.D. 30-312'', Baker Books (2004) |
* Davidson, Ivor J., ''The Birth of the Church: From Jesus to Constantine, A.D. 30-312'', Baker Books (2004) |
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*Dunn, James D.G., ''Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, A.D. 70 to 135'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|0-8028-4498-7}} |
* Dunn, James D.G., ''Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, A.D. 70 to 135'', Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), {{ISBN|0-8028-4498-7}} |
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*Ferguson, Everett, "Factors leading to the Selection and Closure of the New Testament Canon", in ''The Canon Debate''. eds. L. M. McDonald & J. A. Sanders (Hendrickson, 2002) |
* Ferguson, Everett, "Factors leading to the Selection and Closure of the New Testament Canon", in ''The Canon Debate''. eds. L. M. McDonald & J. A. Sanders (Hendrickson, 2002) |
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*Wylen, Stephen M., ''The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction'', Paulist Press (1995), {{ISBN|0-8091-3610-4}} |
* Wylen, Stephen M., ''The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction'', Paulist Press (1995), {{ISBN|0-8091-3610-4}} |
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== Bacaan tambahan == |
== Bacaan tambahan == |
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* Bockmuehl, Markus N.A. ''The Cambridge Companion to Jesus''. Cambridge University Press (2001). {{ISBN|0-521-79678-4}}. |
* Bockmuehl, Markus N.A. ''The Cambridge Companion to Jesus''. Cambridge University Press (2001). {{ISBN|0-521-79678-4}}. |
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* Bourgel, Jonathan, "The Jewish Christians’ Move from Jerusalem as a pragmatic choice", in: Dan JAFFÉ (ed), ''Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity'', (Leyden: Brill, 2010), p. 107-138 (https://www.academia.edu/4909339/THE_JEWISH_CHRISTIANS_MOVE_FROM_JERUSALEM_AS_A_PRAGMATIC_CHOICE). |
* Bourgel, Jonathan, "The Jewish Christians’ Move from Jerusalem as a pragmatic choice", in: Dan JAFFÉ (ed), ''Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity'', (Leyden: Brill, 2010), p. 107-138 (https://www.academia.edu/4909339/THE_JEWISH_CHRISTIANS_MOVE_FROM_JERUSALEM_AS_A_PRAGMATIC_CHOICE). |
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* Brown, Schuyler. ''The Origins of Christianity: A Historical Introduction to the New Testament''. |
* Brown, Schuyler. ''The Origins of Christianity: A Historical Introduction to the New Testament''. Oxford University Press (1993). {{ISBN|0-19-826207-8}}. |
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* Dunn, James D.G. ''Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, AD. 70 to 135''. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999). {{ISBN|0-8028-4498-7}}. |
* Dunn, James D.G. ''Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, AD. 70 to 135''. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999). {{ISBN|0-8028-4498-7}}. |
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* Dunn, James D.G. ''The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul''. Cambridge University Press (2003). {{ISBN|0-521-78694-0}}. |
* Dunn, James D.G. ''The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul''. Cambridge University Press (2003). {{ISBN|0-521-78694-0}}. |
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* Wylen, Stephen M. ''The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction''. Paulist Press (1995). {{ISBN|0-8091-3610-4}}. |
* Wylen, Stephen M. ''The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction''. Paulist Press (1995). {{ISBN|0-8091-3610-4}}. |
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==Pranala luar== |
== Pranala luar == |
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*[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook11.html Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Christian Origins] |
* [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook11.html Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Christian Origins] |
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*[http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/christian-history.html Guide to Early Church Documents] |
* [http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/christian-history.html Guide to Early Church Documents] |
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*[http://www.religionfacts.com/christianity/charts/church_fathers.htm Chart of Church Fathers at ReligionFacts.com] |
* [http://www.religionfacts.com/christianity/charts/church_fathers.htm Chart of Church Fathers at ReligionFacts.com] |
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*[http://www.ccel.org/fathers.html Church Fathers' works in English] edited by [[Philip Schaff]], at the [[Christian Classics Ethereal Library]] |
* [http://www.ccel.org/fathers.html Church Fathers' works in English] edited by [[Philip Schaff]], at the [[Christian Classics Ethereal Library]] |
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*[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/ Church Fathers at Newadvent.org] |
* [http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/ Church Fathers at Newadvent.org] |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090527191442/http://www.faulkner.edu/academics/artsandsciences/humanities/patristics.asp Faulkner University Patristics Project] A growing collection of English translations of patristic texts and high-resolution scans from the comprehensive ''Patrologia'' compiled by J. P. Migne. |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090527191442/http://www.faulkner.edu/academics/artsandsciences/humanities/patristics.asp Faulkner University Patristics Project] A growing collection of English translations of patristic texts and high-resolution scans from the comprehensive ''Patrologia'' compiled by J. P. Migne. |
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*[http://www.cin.org/users/jgallegos/cfathers.htm Primer on the Church Fathers at Corunum] |
* [http://www.cin.org/users/jgallegos/cfathers.htm Primer on the Church Fathers at Corunum] |
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*[http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc06.html New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge] |
* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/encyc06.html New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge] |
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*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08580c.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''St. Justin Martyr''] |
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08580c.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''St. Justin Martyr''] |
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*[http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/justin.php EarlyChurch.org.uk] |
* [http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/justin.php EarlyChurch.org.uk] |
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[[Kategori:Abad dalam Kekristenan|02]] |
[[Kategori:Abad dalam Kekristenan|02]] |
Revisi per 14 Februari 2019 10.32
Kekristenan pada abad ke-2 kebanyakan adalah zaman Bapa-Bapa Apostolik yang menjadi murid-murid dari para rasul Yesus, meskipun ada beberapa rasul seperti Rasul Yohanes yang masih hidup pada abad ke-2 dan Klemens dari Roma yang dikatakan wafat pada akhir abad ke-1. Meskipun gereja Kristen berpusat di Yerusalem pada abad ke-1, kelompok tersebut menjadi terdesentralisasi pada abad ke-2.[1] Abad ke-2 juga adalah masa kemunculan beberapa orang yang kemudian dinyatakan bidah, seperti Marcion, Valentinius, dan Montanus.
Meskipun pemakaian istilah Kristen tercantum dalam kitab Kisah Para Rasul dari pertengahan abad ke-1, pemakaian tercatat terawal dari istilah Kekristenan (Yunani: Χριστιανισμός) adalah oleh Ignatius dari Antiokhia pada sekitar tahun 107 Masehi,[2][3] yang juga dikaitkan dengan modifikasi sabat, penahbisan uskup dan kritik Yudaiser.
Catatan
- ^ Langan, The Catholic Tradition (1998), pp.55, 115
- ^ Walter Bauer, Greek-English Lexicon
- ^ Ignatius of Antioch Letter to the Magnesians 10, Letter to the Romans (Roberts-Donaldson tr., Lightfoot tr., Greek text)
Referensi
- Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro & Gargola, Daniel J & Talbert, Richard John Alexander, The Romans: From Village to Empire, Oxford University Press (2004), ISBN 0-19-511875-8
- Davidson, Ivor J., The Birth of the Church: From Jesus to Constantine, A.D. 30-312, Baker Books (2004)
- Dunn, James D.G., Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, A.D. 70 to 135, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999), ISBN 0-8028-4498-7
- Ferguson, Everett, "Factors leading to the Selection and Closure of the New Testament Canon", in The Canon Debate. eds. L. M. McDonald & J. A. Sanders (Hendrickson, 2002)
- Wylen, Stephen M., The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction, Paulist Press (1995), ISBN 0-8091-3610-4
Bacaan tambahan
- Berard, Wayne Daniel. When Christians Were Jews (That Is, Now). Cowley Publications (2006). ISBN 1-56101-280-7.
- Bockmuehl, Markus N.A. The Cambridge Companion to Jesus. Cambridge University Press (2001). ISBN 0-521-79678-4.
- Bourgel, Jonathan, "The Jewish Christians’ Move from Jerusalem as a pragmatic choice", in: Dan JAFFÉ (ed), Studies in Rabbinic Judaism and Early Christianity, (Leyden: Brill, 2010), p. 107-138 (https://www.academia.edu/4909339/THE_JEWISH_CHRISTIANS_MOVE_FROM_JERUSALEM_AS_A_PRAGMATIC_CHOICE).
- Brown, Schuyler. The Origins of Christianity: A Historical Introduction to the New Testament. Oxford University Press (1993). ISBN 0-19-826207-8.
- Dunn, James D.G. Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, AD. 70 to 135. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999). ISBN 0-8028-4498-7.
- Dunn, James D.G. The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul. Cambridge University Press (2003). ISBN 0-521-78694-0.
- Dunn, James D.G. Unity and Diversity in the New Testament: An Inquiry into the Character of Earliest Christianity. SCM Press (2006). ISBN 0-334-02998-8.
- Edwards, Mark (2009). Catholicity and Heresy in the Early Church. Ashgate.
- Elwell, Walter A. & Comfort, Philip Wesley. Tyndale Bible Dictionary. Tyndale House Publishers (2001). ISBN 0-8423-7089-7.
- Esler, Philip F. The Early Christian World. Routledge (2004). ISBN 0-415-33312-1.
- Freedman, David Noel (Ed). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (2000). ISBN 0-8028-2400-5.
- Keck, Leander E. Paul and His Letters. Fortress Press (1988). ISBN 0-8006-2340-1.
- Mills, Watson E. Acts and Pauline Writings. Mercer University Press (1997). ISBN 0-86554-512-X.
- Pelikan, Jaroslav Jan. The Christian Tradition: The Emergence of the Catholic Tradition (100-600). University of Chicago Press (1975). ISBN 0-226-65371-4.
- Tabor, James D. "Ancient Judaism: Nazarenes and Ebionites", The Jewish Roman World of Jesus. Department of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte (1998).
- White, L. Michael. From Jesus to Christianity. HarperCollins (2004). ISBN 0-06-052655-6.
- Wright, N.T. The New Testament and the People of God. Fortress Press (1992). ISBN 0-8006-2681-8.
- Wylen, Stephen M. The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction. Paulist Press (1995). ISBN 0-8091-3610-4.
Pranala luar
- Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Christian Origins
- Guide to Early Church Documents
- Chart of Church Fathers at ReligionFacts.com
- Church Fathers' works in English edited by Philip Schaff, at the Christian Classics Ethereal Library
- Church Fathers at Newadvent.org
- Faulkner University Patristics Project A growing collection of English translations of patristic texts and high-resolution scans from the comprehensive Patrologia compiled by J. P. Migne.
- Primer on the Church Fathers at Corunum
- New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
- Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Justin Martyr
- EarlyChurch.org.uk