Gerakan perlawanan

Gerakan perlawanan adalah sebuah upaya terorganisir oleh beberapa bagian populasi sipil dari sebuah negara untuk menggulingkan pemerintah yang berdiri sah atau penjajah/pasukan pendudukan dan untuk mengganggu stabilitas dan ketertiban umum. Gerakan tersebut berupaya mewujudkan misinya melalui perlawanan tanpa kekerasan (terkadang disebut perlawanan sipil), atau dengan menggunakan kekuatan, baik bersenjata maupun tak bersenjata. Dalam beberapa contoh, seperti halnya Norwegia pada masa Perang Dunia Kedua, gerakan perlawanan dapat menggunakan cara kekerasan maupun tanpa kekerasan, biasanya beroperasi di bawah organisasi-organisasi yang berbeda dan juga bertindak di kawasan-kawasan atau masa-masa tertentu.^[1]

Catatan

^ On the relation between military and civil resistance in occupied Norway 1940–45, see Magne Skodvin, "Norwegian Non-violent Resistance during the German Occupation", in Adam Roberts (ed.), The Strategy of Civilian Defence: Non-violent Resistance to Aggression, Faber, London, 1967, pp. 136–53. (Also published as Civilian Resistance as a National Defense, Harrisburg, USA: Stackpole Books, 1968; and, with a new Introduction on "Czechoslovakia and Civilian Defence", as Civilian Resistance as a National Defence, Harmondsworth, UK/Baltimore, USA: Penguin Books, 1969. ISBN 0-14-021080-6.)

Referensi

Gardam, Judith Gail (1993). Non-combatant Immunity as a Norm of International Humanitarian,Martinus Nijhoff ISBN 0-7923-2245-2.
Ticehurst, Rupert. The Martens Clause and the Laws of Armed Conflict Diarsipkan 2007-04-15 di Wayback Machine. 30 April 1997, International Review of the Red Cross no 317, p. 125-134. ISSN 1560-7755

[1] On the relation between military and civil resistance in occupied Norway 1940–45, see Magne Skodvin, "Norwegian Non-violent Resistance during the German Occupation", in Adam Roberts (ed.), The Strategy of Civilian Defence: Non-violent Resistance to Aggression, Faber, London, 1967, pp. 136–53. (Also published as Civilian Resistance as a National Defense, Harrisburg, USA: Stackpole Books, 1968; and, with a new Introduction on "Czechoslovakia and Civilian Defence", as Civilian Resistance as a National Defence, Harmondsworth, UK/Baltimore, USA: Penguin Books, 1969. ISBN 0-14-021080-6.)

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