Berkas:Bruce Abbott (1988).jpg

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Bruce_Abbott_(1988).jpg ‎(354 × 464 piksel, ukuran berkas: 80 KB, tipe MIME: image/jpeg)

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Ringkasan

Deskripsi
English: Bruce Abbott in publicity photo for Summer Heat
Tanggal
Sumber eBay
Front and back
Pembuat Showtime
Izin
(Menggunakan kembali berkas ini)
English: This is a publicity still taken and publicly distributed to promote the subject or a work relating to the subject.
  • As stated by film production expert Eve Light Honathaner in The Complete Film Production Handbook (Focal Press, 2001, p. 211.):
    "Publicity photos (star headshots) have traditionally not been copyrighted. Since they are disseminated to the public, they are generally considered public domain, and therefore clearance by the studio that produced them is not necessary."
  • Nancy Wolff, in The Professional Photographer's Legal Handbook (Allworth Communications, 2007, p. 55.), notes:
    "There is a vast body of photographs, including but not limited to publicity stills, that have no notice as to who may have created them."
  • Film industry author Gerald Mast, in Film Study and the Copyright Law (1989, p. 87), writes:
    "According to the old copyright act, such production stills were not automatically copyrighted as part of the film and required separate copyrights as photographic stills. The new copyright act similarly excludes the production still from automatic copyright but gives the film's copyright owner a five-year period in which to copyright the stills. Most studios have never bothered to copyright these stills because they were happy to see them pass into the public domain, to be used by as many people in as many publications as possible."
  • Kristin Thompson, committee chairperson of the Society for Cinema and Media Studies writes in the conclusion of a 1993 conference of cinema scholars and editors[1], that:
    "[The conference] expressed the opinion that it is not necessary for authors to request permission to reproduce frame enlargements... [and] some trade presses that publish educational and scholarly film books also take the position that permission is not necessary for reproducing frame enlargements and publicity photographs."
Versi lainnya
image extraction process
Berkas ini berasal dari berkas lain
: Bruce Abbott and Lori Singer – Summer Heat.jpg
berkas asli

Lisensi

  • This is a press photo, of which many were made available to the public in promotion of the film.
  • Photo contains no copyright notice on either front or back.
  • A search with the U.S. Copyright Office does not produce a registration record pertaining to publicity materials, including photos, stills, or other works of a promotional nature related to the film Summer Heat (1987). There is no evidence this photograph is under copyright.


Public domain
This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1978 and March 1, 1989 without a copyright notice, and its copyright was not subsequently registered with the U.S. Copyright Office within 5 years. Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is copyrighted in the countries or areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works, such as Canada (50 pma), Mainland China (50 pma, not Hong Kong or Macau), Germany (70 pma), Mexico (100 pma), Switzerland (70 pma), and other countries with individual treaties. See this page for further explanation.

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menggambarkan

sejak

17 Juni 1988

tipe media

image/jpeg

checksum Inggris

a4c007e6bb25ed2c742f3fff6db9a75d84890d39

metode penentuan: SHA-1

ukuran data

81.497 Bita

tinggi

464 piksel

lebar

354 piksel

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terkini1 April 2020 01.23Miniatur versi sejak 1 April 2020 01.23354 × 464 (80 KB)Drown SodaUploaded a work by ffffff from ffffffff with UploadWizard

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