Eldiguziyah

Eldiguziyah
Atabeg Azerbaijan

اتابکان آذربایجان
Eldiguziyah; Atabeg Azerbaijan; اتابکان آذربایجان
1136–1225
	Teritori dari Eldiguziyah pada tahun 1180.
Status	Atabeg
Ibu kota	Nakhchivan; Hamadan; Tabriz
Atabeg
• 1136 - 1175	Eldiguz
• 1175 - 1186	Muhammad Jahan Pahlavan
• 1186-1191	Qizil Arslan
• 1191-1210	Nusratuddin Abu Bakr
• 1210-1225	Muzaffaruddin Uzbek
Sejarah
• Didirikan	1136
• Dibubarkan	1225
Didahului oleh	Digantikan oleh
	ksrKekaisaran Seljuk
ksrKekaisaran Khwarezmia
krjKerajaan Georgia
	Sunting kotak info • Lihat • BicaraBantuan penggunaan templat ini

Ildegiziyah,^[2] Eldiguziyah^[3]^[4] (Persia: ایلدگزیان) atau Ildeniziyah, yang juga dikenal sebagai Atabeg Azerbaijan^[5]^[6] (اتابکان آذربایجان Atabakan-e Āzarbayjan) adalah Atabeg dari Kekaisaran Seljuk, dan sebuah dinasti Turki Sunni^[4]^[7] (dimulai oleh Eldiguz dari Kipchak^[4]), yang menguasai sebagian besar Persia barat laut,^[3] Transkaukasia timur, termasuk^[3] Arran,^[3]^[4]^[6] sebagian besar Azerbaijan,^[3]^[4]^[6] dan Djibal.^[3]^[4]^[6] Saat masa kejayaannya, wilayah yang berada di bawah kendalinya kira-kira sama dengan sebagian besar wilayah barat laut Iran, sebagian besar wilayah Azerbaijan modern dan sebagian kecil Armenia modern (bagian selatan), Turki (bagian timur laut) dan Irak (bagian timur). Sampai kematiannya dalam perang tahun 1194 Toghril b. Arslan, penguasa Seljuk terakhir di Irak dan Persia, dinasti Eldiguziyah secara teoritis memerintah sebagai bawahan para Sultan, memiliki ketergantungan pada mata uang mereka sampai menjelang akhir Dinasti Seljuk.^[3] Setelah itu, mereka sebenarnya merupakan dinasti yang merdeka, hingga ekspansi bangsa Mongol ke arah barat dan ke arah Khwarezmia yang membuat dinasti Eldiguziyah melemah dan kemudian mengakhiri dinasti ini.^[3]

Atabeg (secara harfiah berarti "tuan dari pihak ayah" dalam bahasa Turkik) adalah gelar yang diberikan kepada para perwira Turki yang bertugas sebagai wali penguasa kecil Seljuk.^[8] Dalam situasi politik saat itu, Atabeg tidak hanya menjadi pengajar dan wali penguasa bagi para pangeran mereka, tetapi juga penguasa de facto.^[8] Pada puncak kekuasaan Eldiguziyah, wilayah mereka membentang dari Isfahan di selatan hingga perbatasan Kerajaan Georgia dan Shirvan di utara. Namun, menjelang akhir pemerintahan mereka, di tengah konflik yang terus berlanjut dengan Kerajaan Georgia, wilayah Eldiguzid menyusut hingga hanya mencakup Azerbaijan dan Transkaukasia bagian timur.^[4]

Signifikansi historis Atabeg Azerbaijan terletak pada kendali kuat mereka atas Persia barat laut selama periode Seljuk akhir dan juga peran mereka di Transkaukasia sebagai pejuang Islam melawan Bagrationi dari Georgia.^[4]

Pohon keluarga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Eldiguz
?-1175
Atabeg Azerbaijan
m. 1136-1175

Muhammad Jahan Pahlavan
Atabeg Azerbaijan
m. 1175-1186

Qizil Arslan
?-1191
Atabeg Azerbaijan
m. 1186-1191

Nusratuddin Abu Bakar
?-1210
Atabeg Azerbaijan
m. 1191-1210

Muzaffaruddin Uzbek
?-1225
Atabeg Azerbaijan
m. 1210-1225

Lihat juga[sunting | sunting sumber]

Bangsa Turkik

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Boyle (Ed.), J. A. (1958). The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 188, Map 4. ISBN 9781139054973.
^ Lewis, Bernard (1994). Sir Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb, ed. Encyclopedia of Islam. 10. Brill. hlm. 554.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h C.E. Bosworth, "Ildenizids or Eldiguzids", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Edited by P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs et al., Encyclopædia of Islam, 2nd Edition., 12 vols. with indexes, etc., Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960–2005. Vol 3. pp 1110-111. Excerpt 1: "Ildenizids or Eldiguzids, a line of Atabegs of Turkish slave commanders who governed most of northwestern Persia, including Arran, most of Azarbaijan, and Djibal, during the second half of the 6th/12th century and the early decades of the 7th/13th century". Excerpt 2: "The Turkish Ildenizids shared to the full in the Perso-Islamic civilization"
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Columbia University Press. hlm. 199–200. ISBN 0-231-10714-5. pp 199-200(Eldiguizds or Ildegizds): "The Elgiguzids or Ildegizds were a Turkish Atabeg dynasty who controlled most of Azerbaijan(apart from the region of Maragha held by another Atabeg line, the Ahamadilis), Arran and northern Jibal during the second half the twelfth century when the Great Seljuq Sultane of Western Persia and Iraq was in full decay and unable to prevent the growth of virtually independent powers in the province", pp 199-200: "Eldiguz (Arabic-Persian sources write 'y.l.d.k.z) was originally a Qipchaq military slave", pp199-200: "The historical significance of these Atabegs thus lies in their firm control over most of north-western Persia during the later Seljuq periodand also their role in Transcaucasia as champions of Islamagainst the resurgent Bagtarid Kings". pp 199: "In their last phase, the Eldiguzids were once more local rulers in Azerbaijan and eastern Transcaucasia, hard pressed by the aggressive Georgians, and they did not survive the troubled decades of the thirteenth century".
^ Hodgson, Marshall G.S. (1977). The expansion of Islam in the middle periods Volume 1. University of Chicago Press. hlm. 262. ISBN 0-226-34684-6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Luther, K.A. (December 15, 1987). "Atabakan-e Ādarbayjan". Encyclopedia Iranica. Diakses tanggal October 28, 2010.
^ Britannica. Artikel: Dinasti Eldegüzid:
Dinasti Eldegüzid, juga dieja Ildigüzid, Ildegüzid, Ildegizid, atau Ildenizid, (1137–1225), dinasti Atabeg Iran di Turki asal yang memerintah di Azerbaijan dan Arrān (wilayah yang sekarang berada di Iran dan Azerbaijan).
^ ^a ^b Hodgson, Marshall G.S. The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization, University of Chicago Press, 1974, ISBN 0-226-47693-6, hal. 260

Daftar pustaka[sunting | sunting sumber]

Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994). The Making of the Georgian Nation (dalam bahasa Inggris) (edisi ke-2nd). Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-20915-3.
Lordkipanidze, Mariam Davydovna; Hewitt, George B. (1987). Georgia in the XI–XII Centuries (dalam bahasa Inggris). Tbilisi: Ganatleba Publishers.

Tautan eksternal[sunting | sunting sumber]

[1] Boyle (Ed.), J. A. (1958). The Cambridge History of Iran: Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 188, Map 4. ISBN 9781139054973.

[:0-2] Lewis, Bernard (1994). Sir Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb, ed. Encyclopedia of Islam. 10. Brill. hlm. 554.

[BoswrthEIs-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h C.E. Bosworth, "Ildenizids or Eldiguzids", Encyclopaedia of Islam, Edited by P.J. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs et al., Encyclopædia of Islam, 2nd Edition., 12 vols. with indexes, etc., Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960–2005. Vol 3. pp 1110-111. Excerpt 1: "Ildenizids or Eldiguzids, a line of Atabegs of Turkish slave commanders who governed most of northwestern Persia, including Arran, most of Azarbaijan, and Djibal, during the second half of the 6th/12th century and the early decades of the 7th/13th century". Excerpt 2: "The Turkish Ildenizids shared to the full in the Perso-Islamic civilization"

[Bosworth-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Columbia University Press. hlm. 199–200. ISBN 0-231-10714-5. pp 199-200(Eldiguizds or Ildegizds): "The Elgiguzids or Ildegizds were a Turkish Atabeg dynasty who controlled most of Azerbaijan(apart from the region of Maragha held by another Atabeg line, the Ahamadilis), Arran and northern Jibal during the second half the twelfth century when the Great Seljuq Sultane of Western Persia and Iraq was in full decay and unable to prevent the growth of virtually independent powers in the province", pp 199-200: "Eldiguz (Arabic-Persian sources write 'y.l.d.k.z) was originally a Qipchaq military slave", pp199-200: "The historical significance of these Atabegs thus lies in their firm control over most of north-western Persia during the later Seljuq periodand also their role in Transcaucasia as champions of Islamagainst the resurgent Bagtarid Kings". pp 199: "In their last phase, the Eldiguzids were once more local rulers in Azerbaijan and eastern Transcaucasia, hard pressed by the aggressive Georgians, and they did not survive the troubled decades of the thirteenth century".

[5] Hodgson, Marshall G.S. (1977). The expansion of Islam in the middle periods Volume 1. University of Chicago Press. hlm. 262. ISBN 0-226-34684-6.

[iranica-6] Luther, K.A. (December 15, 1987). "Atabakan-e Ādarbayjan". Encyclopedia Iranica. Diakses tanggal October 28, 2010.

[Britannica-7] Britannica. Artikel: Dinasti Eldegüzid:
Dinasti Eldegüzid, juga dieja Ildigüzid, Ildegüzid, Ildegizid, atau Ildenizid, (1137–1225), dinasti Atabeg Iran di Turki asal yang memerintah di Azerbaijan dan Arrān (wilayah yang sekarang berada di Iran dan Azerbaijan).

[hodgson260-8] Hodgson, Marshall G.S. The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization, University of Chicago Press, 1974, ISBN 0-226-47693-6, hal. 260

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