Pertempuran Rawa Chosin

Koordinat: 40°29′N 127°12′E / 40.483°N 127.200°E / 40.483; 127.200 (Rawa Jangjin)

Pertempuran Rawa Chosin, juga dikenal sebagai Kampanye Rawa Chosin atau Pertempuran Danau Jangjin (Hangul: 장진호 전투; Hanja: 長津湖戰鬪; RR: Jangjinho jeontu; MR: Changjinho chŏnt'u), adalah sebuah pertempuran penting dalam Perang Korea.^[a] Nama "Chosin" berasal dari pengucapan Jepang "Chōshin", alih-alih pengucapan Korea-nya.^[1]

Sumber-sumber Tiongkok resmi menyebut pertempuran tersebut sebagain bagian timur dari Kampanye Fase Kedua (atau Serangan) (Hanzi: 第二次战役东线; Pinyin: Dì'èrcì Zhànyì Dōngxiàn). Paruh barat dari Kampanye Fase Kedua menghasilkan kemenangan Tiongkok dalam Pertempuran Sungai Ch'ongch'on.

Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Catatan kaki

^ "The difference between a very serious reverse and a total disaster was a near thing. The most crucial battle was in the northeast, at Chosin." See Roe 2000, hlm. 411

Kutipan

^ Down in the weeds: close air support in Korea. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 1428990178. Fighting around the Choshin Reservoir*... *This was the Japanese name for the reservoir, the term being derived from the ruling "Chosŏn" dynasty, which ended just 13 years before the Japanese occupation beginning in 1910. The name American also rendered it as Chosin or Chosen. The proper Korean name is Changjin.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Alexander, Bevin R. (1986), Korea: The First War We Lost, New York, New York: Hippocrene Books, ISBN 978-0-87052-135-5
Appleman, Roy (1989), Disaster in Korea: The Chinese Confront MacArthur, 11, College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Military History Series, ISBN 978-1-60344-128-5
Appleman, Roy (1990), Escaping the Trap: The US Army X Corps in Northeast Korea, 1950, 14, College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Military History Series, ISBN 978-0-89096-395-1
Brown, Ronald J. (2001), Counteroffensive: U.S. marines from Pohang to No Name Line (PDF), Quantico, Virginia: History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, ISBN 9780160592928
Chinese Military Science Academy (2000), History of War to Resist America and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争史) (dalam bahasa Tionghoa), Volume II, Beijing: Chinese Military Science Academy Publishing House, ISBN 7801373901
Cohen, Eliot A. (2012), Military Misfortunes: The Anatomy of Failure in War, New York, New York: Simon and Schuster, ISBN 9781439135488
Cumings, Bruce (2005), Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History, New York, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, ISBN 9780393347531
Cunningham-Boothe, Ashley; Farrar, Peter (1989), British Forces in the Korean War, Leamington Spa, UK: British Korean Veterans Association, ISBN 978-0-9512622-0-7
Edwards, Paul M. (2006), The Korean War, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 9780313332487
Edwards, Paul M. (2018), The Mistaken History of the Korean War: What We Got Wrong Then and Now, Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland, ISBN 9781476670485
Daily, Edward L. (1999), MacArthur's X Corps in Korea: Inchon to the Yalu, 1950, Paducah, Kentucky: Turner Publishing Company, ISBN 978-1-56311-439-7
Guang, Ting (光亭) (April 2007), Dong, Min Jie (董旻杰), ed., "Ice and Blood, Changjin Lake (冰血长津湖)", Der Strum (突击) Magazine Korean War Special Issue (dalam bahasa Tionghoa), Hohhot, Inner Mongolia: Inner Mongolian People's Publishing House (内蒙古人民出版社), ISBN 978-7-204-08166-0
Halberstam, David (2007), The Coldest Winter – America and the Korean War, New York, New York: Hyperion, ISBN 978-1-4013-0052-4
Hammel, Eric (1994), Chosin: Heroic Ordeal of the Korean War, Novato, California: Presidio Press, ISBN 978-0-89141-527-5
Hoare, James (1995), Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Korea, New York, New York: Rowman and Littlefield, ISBN 978-0-8108-7093-2
Malkasian, Carter (2001), The Korean War 1950–1953, New York, New York: Osprey Publishing, ISBN 978-1-84176-282-1
Millett, Allan R. (2010), The War for Korea, 1950–1951: They Came From the North, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, ISBN 978-0-7006-1709-8
Montross, Lynn; Canzona, Nicholas (1992), U.S. Marine Operations in Korea: The Chosin Reservoir Campaign, 3, Austin, Texas: Robert J. Speights, ISBN 978-0-944495-03-2
Mossman, Billy C. (1990), Ebb and Flow: November 1950 – July 1951, United States Army in the Korean War, Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army, ISBN 978-1-4102-2470-5, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-29, diakses tanggal 2021-05-13
Roe, Patrick C. (2000), The Dragon Strikes: China and the Korean War, June-December 1950, Novato, California: Presidio, ISBN 978-0-89141-703-3
Russ, Martin (1999), Breakout: The Chosin Reservoir Campaign, Korea 1950, New York, New York: Penguin Books, ISBN 978-0-14-029259-6
Ryan, Mark A.; Finkelstein, David M.; McDevitt, Michael A. (2003), Chinese Warfighting: The PLA Experience Since 1949, Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, ISBN 0765610876
Shrader, Charles R. (1995), Communist Logistics in the Korean War, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-29509-6
Spurr, Russell (1988), Enter the Dragon: China's Undeclared War Against the U.S. in Korea 1950–51, New York, New York: Newmarket Press, ISBN 978-1-55704-008-4
Stewart, Richard W. (2000), The Korean War: The Chinese Intervention (PDF), US Army Center of Military History
Tucker, Spencer C.; Kim, Jinwung; Nichols, Michael R.; Pierpaoli, Paul G. Jr.; Zehr, Norman R. (2000), Encyclopedia of the Korean War: A Political, Social, and Military History, I, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 978-1-57607-029-1
Xue, Yan (徐焰) (1990), 第一次较量：抗美援朝战争的历史回顾与反思 [First Confrontation: Reviews and Reflections on the History of War to Resist America and Aid Korea] (dalam bahasa Tionghoa), Beijing: Chinese Radio and Television Publishing House, ISBN 978-7-5043-0542-8
Xue, Yan (徐焰); Li, Jian (李健); et al. (2000), 朝鲜战争——长津湖之战一 [Korean War — Battle of Changjin Lake, Part One] (dalam bahasa Tionghoa), Beijing: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-17, diakses tanggal 2009-08-11
Xue, Yan (徐焰); Li, Jian (李健); et al. (2000), 朝鲜战争——长津湖之战四 [Korean War — Battle of Changjin Lake, Part Four] (dalam bahasa Tionghoa), Beijing: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-17, diakses tanggal 2009-08-11
Zhang, Shu Guang (1995), Mao's Military Romanticism: China and the Korean War, 1950–1953, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, ISBN 978-0-7006-0723-5
叶, 雨蒙 (2007), 东线祭殇, 北京，中国: 解放军文艺出版社, ISBN 978-7-5033-2045-3

Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Appleman, Roy (1987). East of Chosin: Entrapment and Breakout in Korea, 1950. 2. College Station, TX: Texas A and M University Military History Series. ISBN 978-0-89096-283-1.
Appleman, Roy (1992). South to the Naktong, North to the Yalu. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army. ISBN 978-0-16-035958-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-11-02. Diakses tanggal 2021-05-13. Artikel ini memuat teks dari sumber tersebut, yang berada dalam ranah publik.
Chae, Han Kook; Chung, Suk Kyun; Yang, Yong Cho (2001). Yang, Hee Wan; Lim, Won Hyok; Sims, Thomas Lee; Sims, Laura Marie; Kim, Chong Gu; Millett, Allan R., ed. The Korean War. Volume II. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-7795-3.
Cowart, Glenn C. (1992). Miracle In Korea: The Evacuation of X Corps from the Hungnam Beachhead. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-87249-829-7.
Drury, Bob; Clavin, Tom (2009). The Last Stand of Fox Company. New York, NY: Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 978-0-87113-993-1.
Farrar-Hockley, Anthony (1990). Official History: The British Part in the Korean War. Volume I. London, England: HMSO. ISBN 978-0-11-630953-2.
Fehrenbach, T.R. (1963). This Kind of War. Dulles, VA: Brassey's. ISBN 978-1-57488-259-9.
Hayhurst, Fred (2001). Green Berets in Korea: The Story of 41 Independent Commando – Royal Marines. New York, NY: Vanguard Press. ISBN 978-1-903489-12-3.
O'Donnell, Patrick K. (2010). Give Me Tomorrow: The Korean War's Greatest Untold Story – The Epic Stand of the Marines of George Company. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81801-1.
Owen, Joseph R. (2007). Colder Than Hell: A Marine Rifle Company at Chosin Reservoir. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-416-6.
Rasula, George A (2012). "The Changjin Journal - 75 illustrated chapters online". New York, NY: The New York Military Affairs Symposium. Diakses tanggal 2013-06-11.
Sides, Hampton (2018). On Desperate Ground: The Marines at The Reservoir, the Korean War's Greatest Battle. New York: Double Day. ISBN 978-0385541152.
Simmons, Edwin H. (2002). Frozen Chosin (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4, Part 5, Part 6). Quantico, VA: United States Marine Corps History Division. PCN 19000410000.
Stanton, Shelby L. (1989). America's Tenth Legion: X Corps in Korea, 1950. Novato, CA: Presidio. ISBN 978-0-89141-258-8.
Taylor, George O. (July 2002). "The Forgotten War's Forgotten Task Force". Army Magazine. Washington, D.C.: Association of the United States Army. 52 (7): 43–48. ISSN 0004-2455. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-10-05.

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Media terkait Battle of Chosin Reservoir di Wikimedia Commons

"Chosin Reservoir: Epic of Endurance". Korean War Educator. 2007-01-23. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-01-13. Diakses tanggal 2007-12-16.
Stewart, Richard W. (2000). The Korean War: The Chinese Intervention. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 19-8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-12-03. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-10.
Chosin Veterans website Diarsipkan 2021-03-14 di Wayback Machine.
Changjin Journal
Chosin, 2010 documentary movie by Brian Iglesias and Anton Sattler
"The Battle of Chosin” (2016), produced for the PBS series,The American Experience

[1] "The difference between a very serious reverse and a total disaster was a near thing. The most crucial battle was in the northeast, at Chosin." See Roe 2000, hlm. 411

[2] Down in the weeds: close air support in Korea. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 1428990178. Fighting around the Choshin Reservoir*... *This was the Japanese name for the reservoir, the term being derived from the ruling "Chosŏn" dynasty, which ended just 13 years before the Japanese occupation beginning in 1910. The name American also rendered it as Chosin or Chosen. The proper Korean name is Changjin.

[a]

[1]