Kaligrafi Dunia Barat

Kaligrafi Dunia Barat adalah seni rupa penulisan dan penebalan tulisan yang dipraktikkan di dunia Barat khususnya memakai abjad Latin (meskipun pemakaian kaligrafi juga meliputi abjad Kiril dan Yunani, berbeda dengan tradisi "Timur" seperti kaligrafi Turki-Persia-Arab, Tionghoa atau India).

Definisi kontemporer dari praktik kaligrafi adalah "seni yang memberi bentuk untuk tanda-tanda dalam sebuah hal ekspresif, berharmoni dan terampil."^[1]

Daftar pustaka[sunting | sunting sumber]

Alexander, J.J.G., Marrow, J.H., & Sandler, L.F. with Moodey, E., & Petev, T.T. (2005) The Splendor of the Word: Medieval and Renaissance Illuminated Manuscripts at the New York Public Library. New York Public Library/ Harvey Miller Publishers
Backhouse, J. (1981) The Lindisfarne Gospels. Phaidon Press
Baines, P., & Dixon, C. (2003) Signs: lettering in the environment. Lawrence King Publishing
Bickham, G. (1743) The Universal Penman London. 1954 ed. Dover, New York
Bloem, M., & Browne, M. (2002) Colin McCahon: A Question of Faith. Craig Potton Publishing
Bose, S., & Jalal, A. (2003) Modern South Asia: History, Culture, Political Economy. Routledge, p. 36
British Library (2007). Collect Britain Diarsipkan 2012-07-17 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 22 February 2007.
Brown, M.P. & Lovett, P. (1999) The Historical Source Book for Scribes. British Library
Calderhead, C. (2005) Illuminating the Word: The Making of the Saint John's Bible. Liturgical Press
Cardozo Kindersley, L.L. (2007) The Cardozo Kindersley Workshop. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
Child, H. (1988) Calligraphy Today: Twentieth Century Tradition & Practice. Studio Books
Child, H. ed. (1986) The Calligrapher's Handbook. Taplinger Publishing Co.
Child, H. (1976) Calligraphy Today: A Survey of Tradition and Trends. Cassell & Collier Macmillan Publishers Ltd.
Child, H. (1963) Calligraphy Today: A Survey of Tradition and Trends. Watson-Guptill Publications
Cinamon, G. (2000) Rudolf Koch: Letterer, Type Designer, Teacher. Oak Knoll Press
Cockerell, S. (1945) from "Tributes to Edward Johnston" in Child, H. & Howes, J. ed.s (1986) Lessons in Formal Writing, pp. 21–30.
Daniels, P.T & Bright, W. (1996) The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press
de Hamel, C. (2001a) The Book: A History of the Bible. Phaidon Press
de Hamel, C (2001b) The British Library Guide to Manuscript Illumination. British Library
de Hamel, C. (1994) A History of Illuminated Manuscripts. Phaidon Press
de Hamel, C. (1992) Scribes and Illuminators. University of Toronto Press
Diringer, D. (1968) The Alphabet: A Key to the History of Mankind 3rd Ed. Volume 1 Hutchinson & Co. London
Fraser, M., & Kwiatowski, W. (2006) Ink and Gold: Islamic Calligraphy. Sam Fogg Ltd. London
Gaur, A. (2000) Literacy and the Politics of Writing. Intellect Books, p. 98
Geddes, A., & Dion, C. (2004) Miracle: a celebration of new life. Photogenique Publishers Auckland.
Gilderdale, P. (2006) "What's in a grip? A study of historical pen holds", Letter Arts Review 21(1): 10-27.
Gilderdale, P. (1999) "The Great Copperplate Myth", Letter Arts Review 15(1): 38-47.
Gray, N. (1986) A History of Lettering: Creative Experiment and Letter Identity. Godine
Gray, N. (1971) Lettering as Drawing: Part I The Moving Line. 1982 Ed. Taplinger Publishing C. New York
Green, R. (2003). Bulley Bible (1969–83). Retrieved 28 October 2006.
Harris, D. (1991) Calligraphy: Inspiration, Innovation, Communication. Anaya, London.
Henning, W.E. (2002) An elegant hand: the golden age of American penmanship and calligraphy ed. Melzer, P. Oak Knoll Press, New Castle, Delaware
Herringham, C.J. (transl. 1899) The Book of the Art of Cennino Cennini, an English translation from the Italian
Hewitt, W.G. (1944–1953). Letters of William Graily Hewitt to Sidney Feinberg. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
Hewitt, G. (1930) Lettering: For Students & Craftsmen. Pentalic 1976 ed.
International Typeface Corporation (1982) International Calligraphy Today. Watson-Guptill Publ. New York
Jackson, D. (1981) The Story of Writing. The Calligraphy Centre
Johnston, E. (1906) Writing, Illuminating & Lettering. Dover Publication 1995 ed.
Johnston, E. (1909) Manuscript & Inscription Letters: For schools and classes and for the use of craftsmen, plate 6. San Vito Press & Double Elephant Press, 10th Impression
Kapr, A. (1991) "Calligraphy 91" in Schreibwerkstaat Klingspor Offenbach
Kerr, D.J. (2006) Amassing Treasures for All Times: Sir George Grey, Colonial Bookman and Collector. University of Otago Press/Oak Knoll Press
Knight, S. (1998) Historical Scripts: From Classical Times to the Renaissance. Oak Knoll Press
Knight, S. "The Roman Alphabet" in The World's Writing Systems (supra), pp. 312–332.
Lamb, C.M. ed. (1956) Calligrapher's Handbook. Pentalic 1976 ed.
Letter Arts Review
Luthra, H.L () A Text Book of General Studies Vol II., p. 63
Mediavilla, C. (1996) Calligraphy. Scirpus Publications
Mitter, P. (2001) Indian Art. Oxford University Press, p. 100
Morris, W. (1882) From "Making the Best of It" in Hopes and Fears for Art. 2006 ed. Hard Press
Neugebauer, F. (1979) The Mystic Art of Written Forms
Pearce, C. (1981 and 2007) The Little Manual of Calligraphy - Paper and Ink Arts
Pearce, C. (1984) The Anatomy of Letters - Taplinger Publishing
Prestianni, J. (2001) Calligraphic Type Design in the Digital Age. Gingko Press
Pott, G. (2006) Kalligrafie: Intensiv Training Verlag Hermann Schmidt Mainz
Pott, G. (2005) Kalligrafie:Erste Hilfe und Schrift-Training mit Muster-Alphabeten Verlag Hermann Schmidt Mainz
Propfe, J. (2005) SchreibKunstRaume: Kalligraphie im Raum Callwey Verlag Munich
Reaves, M., & Schulte, E. (2006) Brush Lettering: An Instructional Manual in Western Brush Calligraphy Revised Edition, Design Books New York.
Renard, J. (1999) Responses to 101 Questions on Buddhism. Paulist Press. Religion / World, pp 23–24
Thomson, G. (2004) Digital Calligraphy with Photoshop. Thomson Learning
Tresser, J. (2006) The Technique of Raised Gilding 2nd Ed. CD-ROM
Trinity College Library Dublin (2006) The Book of Kells DVD-ROM.
Ver Berkmoes, R. () Bali e Lombok p. 45
Walther, I.F., & Wolf, N. (2005) Masterpieces of Illumination: The world's most beautiful illuminated manuscripts from 400 to 1600. Taschen
Whitley, K.P. (2000) The History and Technique of Manuscript Gilding. Oak Knoll Press
Wieck, R.S. (1983) Late Medieval and Renaissance Illuminated Manuscripts 1350-1525 in the Houghton Library. Harvard College Library
Williams, R.B. (2004) Williams On South Asian Religions And Immigration: Collected Works By Raymond Brady Williams. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., p. 61
Zapf, H. (2007) Alphabet Stories: A Chronicle of Technical Developments Cary Graphic Arts Press Rochester New York
Zapf, H. (2006) The world of Alphabets: A kaleidoscope of drawings and letterforms, CD-ROM

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Mediavilla 1996: 18

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Kaligrafos - The Dallas Calligraphy Society, Kaligrafos, a non-profit guild promoting the calligraphic arts
Friends of Calligraphy, San Francisco, California
New Zealand Calligraphers Diarsipkan 2018-06-02 di Wayback Machine., a national network of affiliated calligraphy guilds
The Edward Johnston Foundation - Research centre for calligraphy and lettering arts

[1] Mediavilla 1996: 18

[1]