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Mitologi Kristen

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Mitologi Kristen adalah himpunan mitos yang berkaitan dengan Kekristenan. Istilah ini mencakup beragam legenda dan narasi, terutama kisah-kisah yang dianggap sakral. Tema dan unsur mitologi dapat ditemukan di seluruh karya sastra Kristen, termasuk mitos-mitos yang berulang seperti pendakian ke gunung, konsep axis mundi (poros dunia), mitos pertarungan kosmik, penurunan ke dunia bawah, kisah tentang dewa yang mati dan bangkit kembali, mitos air bah, kisah-kisah tentang pendirian suatu suku atau kota, serta mitos mengenai para pahlawan besar (atau santo) masa lampau, kisah firdaus, dan pengorbanan diri.

Beberapa penulis juga menggunakan istilah ini untuk merujuk pada unsur-unsur mitologis dan alegoris lain yang terdapat dalam Alkitab, seperti kisah tentang Leviathan. Istilah ini juga diterapkan pada mitos dan legenda dari Abad Pertengahan, seperti kisah Santo Georgius dan Naga, kisah Raja Arthur dan para Kesatria Meja Bundar, serta legenda Parsival. Banyak komentator yang menggolongkan puisi epik John Milton, Paradise Lost, sebagai karya mitologi Kristen. Istilah yang sama juga digunakan untuk menggambarkan kisah-kisah modern yang berpusat pada tema dan motif Kristen, seperti tulisan-tulisan C. S. Lewis, J. R. R. Tolkien, Madeleine L'Engle, dan George MacDonald.

Sepanjang berabad-abad, Kekristenan telah terpecah menjadi banyak denominasi. Tidak semua denominasi ini memegang kumpulan narasi tradisional yang sama. Sebagai contoh, kitab-kitab Alkitab yang diterima oleh Gereja Katolik Roma dan Gereja Ortodoks Timur mencakup sejumlah teks dan kisah (seperti yang terdapat dalam Kitab Yudit dan Kitab Tobit) yang tidak diakui sebagai bagian dari kanon Alkitab oleh banyak denominasi Protestan.

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