Konflik proksi Iran–Israel

Konflik proksi Iran–Israel
	; Israel (jingga) dan Iran (hijau tua) di Timur Tengah
Tanggal	16 Februari 1985 – sekarang; (39 tahun, 2 bulan dan 3 hari)
Lokasi	Timur Tengah
Status	Sedang terjadi:; Iran memperkuat Suriah dan Hezbollah.; Israel berupaya untuk menjalin pemberian senjata kepada Hezbollah.; Perang Lebanon 2006 berakhir dalam keadaan militer.; Pemulaan konflik Gaza–Israel pada Juni 2006.; Israel berusaha untuk menghentikan program nuklir Iran.; Iran dalam proses mendirikan pengaruh di seluruh Irak, Suriah, Lebanon, Yaman dan sebagian Asia Tengah.;
Pihak terlibat
Iran	Israel
Proksi : Hezbollah; Hamas (Sejak 2006); Berkas:Flag of the Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine.svg PIJ; PFLP; (Sejak 2013); Hutsi;	Proksi : Jundullah; MKO; PJAK;
Didukung oleh : Suriah; Sudan (Hingga 2015); Lebanon; Irak (Sejak 2019); Venezuela; Rusia (Sejak 2015); Korea Utara;	Didukung oleh : Amerika Serikat; Britania Raya; Kanada; Azerbaijan; Uni Emirat Arab;
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Ali Khamenei; (Pemimpin Tertinggi Iran); Ebrahim Raisi; (Presiden Iran); Hassan Rouhani; (2013–2021); Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; (2005–2013); Hassan Nasrallah; (Sekretaris-Jenderal Hezbollah); Khaled Meshaal; (pemimpin Hamas)	Benjamin Netanyahu ; (2009-2021); Ehud Olmert (2006–2009); Ariel Sharon; (2001–2006); Naftali Bennett ; (2021-2022); Yair Lapid ; (Perdana Menteri Israel);

Konflik proksi Israel–Iran^[28]^[29] adalah konflik tak langsung antara Israel dan Iran. Konflik tersebut berdasarkan pada perjuangan politik antara kepemimpinan Iran dan Israel, dengan Israel berniat untuk menghindari tuduhan senjata nuklir dari pemerintah Iran dan melemahkan sekutu-sekutu dan proksi-proksinya seperti partai Hezbollah di Lebanon. Pasukan Iran yang beroperasi di Suriah mendukung pemerintahan Bashar al-Assad.^[30]^[31]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Adam Shatz (April 29, 2004). "In Search of Hezbollah". The New York Review of Books. Diakses tanggal August 14, 2006.
^ [1] "Iran’s annual financial aid to Hamas is believed to be around $20 million, which helps the group run its government in the Gaza Strip. Both parties enjoyed warm ties since 2006 when Hamas won an election against the Western-backed Fatah movement. But the crisis in Syria has led to problems between them. In 2014 "First among which is the Islamic Republic of Iran which did not skimp on money, weapons and other things and provided the resistance with rockets." Abu Ubaidah, the spokesman of the Palestinian Al-Qassam Brigades: "(Sejak 2006)
^ "Iran Strengthens Ties To Palestinian Islamic Jihad". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ "Palestinian Islamic Jihad". Council on Foreign Relations. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-05-11. Diakses tanggal 6 December 2014.
^ "Iran Increases Aid to PFLP Thanks to Syria Stance - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Mark Perry (13 January 2012). "False Flag". Foreign Policy. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-23. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ "'Israeli Mossad Agents Posed as CIA Spies to Recruit Terrorists to Fight Against Iran'". Haaretz. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ https://news.yahoo.com/blogs/envoy/israel-used-false-flag-operation-recruit-anti-iran-223815985.html
^ "US Officials: Mossad Backing Iranian 'Terrorists'". Haaretz. September 2, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 18, 2014.
^ "Le Figaro: Israel's Mossad recruiting Iranian dissidents to work against Tehran regime". Haaretz. January 11, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 22, 2014.
^ "New book claims Mossad assassination unit killed Iranian nuclear scientists". The Guardian. July 11, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 22, 2014.
^ "Envoy: Israel Supporting PJAK, PKK through Southern Cyprus". Fars News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-22. Diakses tanggal 6 December 2014.
^ "Why Is Israel Watching the PKK?". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama The Guardian
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama The Telegraph
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama ABC
^ "Iran and Sudan rift could pose a problem for Hamas". ynet. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. "Omar Al-Bashir: We cannot allow Shi'ite presence in Sudan". Asharq al-Awsat. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Jordan, Will; Radhakrishnan, Rahul (23 February 2015). "Mossad contradicted Netanyahu on Iran nuclear programme". Al Jazeera.
^ Katzman, Kenneth (2008). "Iran's Influence in Iraq". Dalam Costel, Steven J. Surging Out of Iraq?. Nova Publishers. hlm. 169–175. ISBN 978-1-60456-023-7.
^ Mudallali, Amal (8 October 2014). "The Iranian Sphere of Influence Expands Into Yemen". Foreign Policy.
^ Elhadj, Elie (8 April 2015). "The Shi'i Crescent's Push for Regional Hegemony and the Sunni Reaction". Rubin Center, IDC Herzliya. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-03. Diakses tanggal 2017-06-07.
^ "The Emerging Hegemony of Iran". i24news. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ "Iran's Hegemonic Ambitions". Iran Intelligence. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016. ^[tepercaya?]
^ Saul, Jonathan; Hafezi, Parisa (21 February 2014). "Iran boosts military support in Syria to bolster Assad". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-09-24. Diakses tanggal 2017-06-07.
^ "The long arm of Iran in the Middle East". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-02-04. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. "Tehran's Political and Military Hegemony Over Baghdad". Asharq al-Awsat. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-07-06. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.
^ Bell, John; Zada, John (10 November 2011). "Israel's self-fulfilling prophecy on Iran". Al Jazeera. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2014. ...proxy conflict between Israel and Iran...
^ Gerges, Fawas (5 May 2013). "Israel attacks show Syria's conflict becoming a regional proxy war". The Daily Telegraph. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2014.
^ Saeed Kamali Dehghan (28 May 2012). "Syrian army being aided by Iranian forcesDehghan". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal 18 August 2012.
^ Daftari, Lisa (28 August 2012). "Iranian general admits 'fighting every aspect of a war' in defending Syria's Assad". Fox News. Diakses tanggal 6 September 2012.

Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Dangerous Drift: Russia's Middle East Policy by Eugene Rumer (The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 2000) ISBN 0-944029-44-2

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

America, Russia, and the Greater Middle East. Challenges and Opportunities (PDF) by Geoffrey Kemp and Paul Saunders (The Nixon Center) November 2003
Russia in the Middle East: is Putin undertaking a new strategy? by Dr. Robert Freedman (Middle East Institute) February 10, 2005
Putin denies Russia destabilising Middle East by James Rose (The Times) April 28, 2005
Russia in the Middle East (U.S. Library of Congress. Country Studies)
Past as Prologue. Russia: Moscow presents itself as the new 'middleman' in the Middle East^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]} by Owen Matthews (Newsweek International) February 27, 2006
The Bear Is Back. Russia's Middle Eastern adventures by Ilan Berman (National Review) February 18, 2005
Russia is Ready for Dialogue With HAMAS by Michel Elbaz, Sami Rosen, Pavel Simonov. February 3, 2006
The Middle East and Russia's New Game February 15, 2006
Moscow urges Hamas to transform (BBC)
Russia-Hamas talks anger Israel (BBC)
Reuters: Russia says Hamas ready to extend ceasefire (with picture)
ABC: Russia sets up Hamas talks
(Rusia) Stanislav Belkovsky Riddle of Vladimir Putin
Russia Might Get Involved in the Middle East Conflict

[nybooks-1] Adam Shatz (April 29, 2004). "In Search of Hezbollah". The New York Review of Books. Diakses tanggal August 14, 2006.

[english.alarabiya.net-2] [1] "Iran’s annual financial aid to Hamas is believed to be around $20 million, which helps the group run its government in the Gaza Strip. Both parties enjoyed warm ties since 2006 when Hamas won an election against the Western-backed Fatah movement. But the crisis in Syria has led to problems between them. In 2014 "First among which is the Islamic Republic of Iran which did not skimp on money, weapons and other things and provided the resistance with rockets." Abu Ubaidah, the spokesman of the Palestinian Al-Qassam Brigades: "(Sejak 2006)

[3] "Iran Strengthens Ties To Palestinian Islamic Jihad". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[4] "Palestinian Islamic Jihad". Council on Foreign Relations. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-05-11. Diakses tanggal 6 December 2014.

[5] "Iran Increases Aid to PFLP Thanks to Syria Stance - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[6] Mark Perry (13 January 2012). "False Flag". Foreign Policy. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-23. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[7] "'Israeli Mossad Agents Posed as CIA Spies to Recruit Terrorists to Fight Against Iran'". Haaretz. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[8] ttps://news.yahoo.com/blogs/envoy/israel-used-false-flag-operation-recruit-anti-iran-223815985.html

[9] "US Officials: Mossad Backing Iranian 'Terrorists'". Haaretz. September 2, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 18, 2014.

[10] "Le Figaro: Israel's Mossad recruiting Iranian dissidents to work against Tehran regime". Haaretz. January 11, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 22, 2014.

[11] "New book claims Mossad assassination unit killed Iranian nuclear scientists". The Guardian. July 11, 2012. Diakses tanggal October 22, 2014.

[12] "Envoy: Israel Supporting PJAK, PKK through Southern Cyprus". Fars News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-10-22. Diakses tanggal 6 December 2014.

[13] "Why Is Israel Watching the PKK?". Al-Monitor. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[The_Guardian-14] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama The Guardian

[The_Telegraph-15] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama The Telegraph

[ABC-16] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama ABC

[17] "Iran and Sudan rift could pose a problem for Hamas". ynet. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[18] Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. "Omar Al-Bashir: We cannot allow Shi'ite presence in Sudan". Asharq al-Awsat. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[19] Jordan, Will; Radhakrishnan, Rahul (23 February 2015). "Mossad contradicted Netanyahu on Iran nuclear programme". Al Jazeera.

[20] Katzman, Kenneth (2008). "Iran's Influence in Iraq". Dalam Costel, Steven J. Surging Out of Iraq?. Nova Publishers. hlm. 169–175. ISBN 978-1-60456-023-7.

[21] Mudallali, Amal (8 October 2014). "The Iranian Sphere of Influence Expands Into Yemen". Foreign Policy.

[22] Elhadj, Elie (8 April 2015). "The Shi'i Crescent's Push for Regional Hegemony and the Sunni Reaction". Rubin Center, IDC Herzliya. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-03. Diakses tanggal 2017-06-07.

[23] "The Emerging Hegemony of Iran". i24news. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[24] "Iran's Hegemonic Ambitions". Iran Intelligence. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016. ^[tepercaya?]

[25] Saul, Jonathan; Hafezi, Parisa (21 February 2014). "Iran boosts military support in Syria to bolster Assad". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-09-24. Diakses tanggal 2017-06-07.

[26] "The long arm of Iran in the Middle East". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-02-04. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[27] Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. "Tehran's Political and Military Hegemony Over Baghdad". Asharq al-Awsat. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-07-06. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2016.

[28] Bell, John; Zada, John (10 November 2011). "Israel's self-fulfilling prophecy on Iran". Al Jazeera. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2014. ...proxy conflict between Israel and Iran...

[29] Gerges, Fawas (5 May 2013). "Israel attacks show Syria's conflict becoming a regional proxy war". The Daily Telegraph. Diakses tanggal 29 August 2014.

[30] Saeed Kamali Dehghan (28 May 2012). "Syrian army being aided by Iranian forcesDehghan". The Guardian. Diakses tanggal 18 August 2012.

[31] Daftari, Lisa (28 August 2012). "Iranian general admits 'fighting every aspect of a war' in defending Syria's Assad". Fox News. Diakses tanggal 6 September 2012.

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