Praseodimium: Perbedaan antara revisi

₅₉Pr
Praseodimium
59PrPraseodimium
Sifat umum
Nama, lambang	praseodimium, Pr
Pengucapan	/praséodimium/
Penampilan	putih keabuan
Praseodimium dalam tabel periodik
	cerium ← praseodimium → neodimium
Nomor atom (Z)	59
Golongan	golongan n/a
Periode	periode 6
Blok	blok-f
Kategori unsur	lantanida
Berat atom standar (Ar)	140,90766±0,00001; 140,91±0,01 (diringkas);
Konfigurasi elektron	[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Elektron per kelopak	2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
Sifat fisik
Fase pada STS (0 °C dan 101,325 kPa)	padat
Titik lebur	1208 K (935 °C, 1715 °F)
Titik didih	3793 K (3520 °C, 6368 °F)
Kepadatan mendekati s.k.	6.77 g/cm3
saat cair, pada t.l.	6.50 g/cm3
Kalor peleburan	6.89 kJ/mol
Kalor penguapan	331 kJ/mol
Kapasitas kalor molar	27.20 J/(mol·K)
Sifat atom
Bilangan oksidasi	0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (oksida agak basa)
Elektronegativitas	Skala Pauling: 1.13
Jari-jari atom	empiris: 182 pm
Jari-jari kovalen	203±7 pm
Lain-lain
Kelimpahan alami	primordial
Struktur kristal	heksagon
Kecepatan suara batang ringan	2280 m/s (suhu 20 °C)
Ekspansi kalor	(r.t.) (α, poly) 6.7 µm/(m·K)
Konduktivitas termal	12.5 W/(m·K)
Resistivitas listrik	(r.t.) (α, poly); 0.700 µ Ω·m
Arah magnet	paramagnetik
Modulus Young	(α form) 37.3 GPa
Modulus Shear	(α form) 14.8 GPa
Modulus curah	(α form) 28.8 GPa
Rasio Poisson	(α form) 0.281
Skala Vickers	400 MPa
Skala Brinell	481 MPa
Nomor CAS	7440-10-0
Isotop praseodimium yang utama
ε	142Ce
	lihat; bicara; sunting; \| referensi \| di Wikidata

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Revisi per 24 Agustus 2014 12.49

Praseodimium adalah suatu unsur kimia dalam tabel periodik yang memiliki lambang Pr dan nomor atom 59.

Referensi

^ (Indonesia) "Praseodimium". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.
^ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
^ Chen, Xin; et al. (13 Desember 2019). "Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB^3– and PrB^4– Boride Clusters". Inorganic Chemistry. 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.
^ M. Jackson "Magnetism of Rare Earth" The IRM quarterly col. 10, No. 3, p. 1, 2000

Artikel bertopik kimia ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[1] (Indonesia) "Praseodimium". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.

[Cloke1993-2] Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.

[3] Chen, Xin; et al. (13 Desember 2019). "Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB^3– and PrB^4– Boride Clusters". Inorganic Chemistry. 58 (1): 411–418. doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572. PMID 30543295.

[jackson-4] M. Jackson "Magnetism of Rare Earth" The IRM quarterly col. 10, No. 3, p. 1, 2000

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@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
+{{Elementbox
-{{Kotak info praseodimium}}
+|number=59
+|symbol=Pr
+|name=praseodimium
+|pronounce={{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|r|eɪ|z|i|.|ɵ|ˈ|d|ɪ|m|i|əm}} {{respell|PRAY|zee-o|DIM|ee-əm}} <br> or {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|r|eɪ|s|i|.|ɵ|ˈ|d|ɪ|m|i|əm}} {{respell|PRAY|see-o|DIM|ee-əm}}
+|left=[[cerium]]
+|right=[[neodimium]]
+|above=-
+|below=[[protaktinium|Pa]]
+|series= lantanida
+|period=6
+|block=f
+|image name= Praseodymium.jpg
+|appearance=putih keabuan
+|atomic mass= 140.90765
+|electron configuration= &#91;[[xenon|Xe]]&#93; 4f<sup>3</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup>
+|electrons per shell= 2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
+|phase= solid
+|density gpcm3nrt= 6.77
+|density gpcm3mp= 6.50
+|melting point K=1208
+|melting point C=935
+|melting point F=1715
+|boiling point K=3793
+|boiling point C=3520
+|boiling point F=6368
+|heat fusion= 6.89
+|heat vaporization= 331
+|heat capacity= 27.20
+|vapor pressure 1= 1771
+|vapor pressure 10= 1973
+|vapor pressure 100= (2227)
+|vapor pressure 1 k= (2571)
+|vapor pressure 10 k= (3054)
+|vapor pressure 100 k= (3779)
+|vapor pressure comment=
+|crystal structure= heksagonal
+|oxidation states= 4, '''3''', 2 (oksida [[basa]] agak kuat)
+|electronegativity= 1.13
+|number of ionization energies=3
+|1st ionization energy= 527
+|2nd ionization energy= 1020
+|3rd ionization energy= 2086
+|atomic radius= 182
+|covalent radius= 203±7
+|magnetic ordering= [[paramagnetik]]<ref name=jackson>M. Jackson "Magnetism of Rare Earth" [http://www.irm.umn.edu/quarterly/irmq10-3.pdf The IRM quarterly col. 10, No. 3, p. 1, 2000]</ref>
+|electrical resistivity= ([[suhu ruangan|r.t.]]) (α, poly)<br />0.700 µ
+|thermal conductivity= 12.5
+|thermal expansion= ([[suhu ruangan|r.t.]]) (α, poly) 6.7
+|speed of sound rod at 20= 2280
+|Young's modulus= (α form) 37.3
+|Shear modulus= (α form) 14.8
+|Bulk modulus= (α form) 28.8
+|Poisson ratio= (α form) 0.281
+|Vickers hardness= 400
+|Brinell hardness= 481
+|CAS number= 7440-10-0
+|isotopes=
+{{Elementbox_isotopes_stable | mn=141 | sym=Pr | na=100% | n=82}}
+{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay2 | mn=142 | sym=Pr
+ | na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=19.12 h
+ | dm1=[[peluruhan beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de1=2.162 | pn1=142 | ps1=[[neodimium|Nd]]
+ | dm2=[[electron capture|ε]] | de2=0.745 | pn2=142 | ps2=[[serium|Ce]]}}
+{{Elementbox_isotopes_decay | mn=143 | sym=Pr
+ | na=[[radioisotop sintetik|syn]] | hl=13.57 [[day|d]]
+ | dm=[[emisi beta|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de=0.934 | pn=143 | ps=[[neodimium|Nd]]}}
+|isotopes comment=
+}}
 {{unsur|Praseodimium|Pr|59}}