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|title = National Football League
|title = National Football League
|Formerly = American Professional Football Conference (1920)<br />American Professional Football Association (1920–1922)
|Formerly = American Professional Football Conference (1920)<br />American Professional Football Association (1920–1922)
|current_season = NFL musim 2016
|current_season = NFL musim 2017
|logo = National Football League.png
|logo = National Football League.png
|pixels = 150 px
|pixels = 150 px

Revisi per 13 Februari 2018 12.24

National Football League
Musim atau kompetisi terkini:
Current sports event NFL musim 2017
Berkas:National Football League.png
National Football League
Nama terdahuluAmerican Professional Football Conference (1920)
American Professional Football Association (1920–1922)
OlahragaSepak bola Amerika
Didirikan17 September 1920[1]
Canton, Ohio, Amerika Serikat
Musim awal1920
CEORoger Goodell
Jumlah tim32
Negara Amerika Serikat
Juara
terkini		Philadelphia Eagles (gelar ke-1)
Juara terbanyakGreen Bay Packers
(13 gelar)[2][3]
Situs web resmiNFL.com

National Football League (Indonesia: Liga Sepak Bola Nasional) merupakan kompetisi liga sepak bola Amerika di Amerika Serikat. Liga ini diikuti oleh 32 tim dari dua konferensi yang berbeda, yaitu American Football Conference (AFC) dan National Football Conference (NFC). Konferensi ini masing-masing terbagi menjadi empat divisi menurut wilayah, yaitu Utara, Barat, Selatan, dan Timur. NFL adalah salah satu dari empat liga olahraga profesional utama di Amerika Utara, dan merupakan kasta tertinggi untuk sepak bola Amerika profesional. Musim reguler NFL berjalan selama tujuh belas pekan, dimulai seminggu setelah Hari Buruh hingga sepekan setelah Natal, dengan tiap tim bermain 16 kali dan mendapatkan satu pekan bye. Setelah musim reguler berakhir, enam tim dari tiap-tiap konferensi (empat tim berperingkat tertinggi dan dua tim pemenang wild card) akan melaju ke babak gugur NFL, yang berakhir dengan Super Bowl, dimainkan oleh juara AFC dan NFC.

Sejarah

NFL didirikan pada tanggal 20 Agustus 1920 dengan nama American Professional Football Conference dan kemudian berganti nama menjadi American Professional Football Association (APFA) pada tanggal 17 September 1920. APFA lalu berganti nama menjadi National Football League (NFL) pada tanggal 24 Juni 1922.

Pada tahun 1966, NFL menyetujui penggabungan dengan liga rivalnya American Football League. Pada tahun 1970, Super Bowl pertama dilaksanakan saat akhir musim yang sama yang dimulai tahun 1967.

Tim

NFL terdiri dari 32 tim, yang dibagi menjadi dua conference masing-masing terdiri dari 16 tim. Setiap conference dibagi menjadi 4 divisi masing-masing terdiri dari 4 tim. Setiap tim maksimum terdiri dari 53 pemain.

Setiap klub NFL diberikan izin waralaba oleh liga untuk beroperasi di kota mereka. Waralaba ini mencakup teritori tim (Inggris: home territory) (75 mil mengelilingi batas kota, atau jika tim berada dalam 100 mil dari tim kota lain, setengah jarak antara dua kota) dan wilayah pemasaran tim. Setiap anggota NFL memiliki hak eksklusif untuk mengoperasikan dan untuk menjadi tuan rumah pertandingan profesional di dalam wilayah teritori mereka dan hak eksklusif untuk mengiklankan, mempromosikan, dan menjadi tuan rumah acara di wilayah area pemasaran mereka. Ada beberapa pengecualian untuk aturan ini, terutama yang berkaitan dengan tim yang dekat satu sama lain: San Francisco 49ers dan Oakland Raiders hanya memiliki hak eksklusif di kota mereka dan hak saham di luar itu. Ada tim yang beroperasi di kota yang sama (misalnya New York Giants dan New York Jets) atau negara bagian yang sama (misalnya California, Florida, dan Texas) membagi hak ke wilayah kota sendiri dan wilayah pemasaran negara bagian masing-masing.

Berbeda dengan Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, National Basketball Association, dan National Hockey League, liga ini tidak diikuti tim dari Kanada, sebagian besar dikarenakan adanya kompetisi yang mirip bernama Canadian Football League.

Divisi[4] Tim[4] Kota Stadion[5] Kapasitas Koordinat Musim pertama[6] Kepala pelatih
American Football Conference
Timur Buffalo Bills Orchard Park, NY New Era Field 71,608 42°46′26″N 78°47′13″W / 42.774°N 78.787°W / 42.774; -78.787 (Buffalo Bills) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 01970-01-011970 (NFL) Rex Ryan
Miami Dolphins Miami Gardens, FL Hard Rock Stadium 65,326 25°57′29″N 80°14′20″W / 25.958°N 80.239°W / 25.958; -80.239 (Miami Dolphins) 01966-01-011966 (AFL), 01970-01-011970 (NFL) Adam Gase
New England Patriots Foxborough, MA Gillette Stadium 66,829 42°05′28″N 71°15′50″W / 42.091°N 71.264°W / 42.091; -71.264 (New England Patriots) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Bill Belichick
New York Jets East Rutherford, NJ MetLife Stadium[A] 82,500 40°48′50″N 74°04′26″W / 40.814°N 74.074°W / 40.814; -74.074 (New York Jets) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 01970-01-011970 (NFL) Todd Bowles
Utara Baltimore Ravens Baltimore, MD M&T Bank Stadium 71,008 39°16′41″N 76°37′23″W / 39.278°N 76.623°W / 39.278; -76.623 (Baltimore Ravens) 01996-01-011996[B] John Harbaugh
Cincinnati Bengals Cincinnati, OH Paul Brown Stadium 65,515 39°05′42″N 84°30′58″W / 39.095°N 84.516°W / 39.095; -84.516 (Cincinnati Bengals) 01968-01-011968 (AFL), 01970-01-011970 (NFL) Marvin Lewis
Cleveland Browns Cleveland, OH FirstEnergy Stadium 67,431 41°30′22″N 81°41′56″W / 41.506°N 81.699°W / 41.506; -81.699 (Cleveland Browns) 01946-01-011946 (AAFC), 01950-01-011950 (NFL)[B] Hue Jackson
Pittsburgh Steelers Pittsburgh, PA Heinz Field 68,400 40°26′49″N 80°00′58″W / 40.447°N 80.016°W / 40.447; -80.016 (Pittsburgh Steelers) 01933-01-011933 Mike Tomlin
Selatan Houston Texans Houston, TX NRG Stadium 72,220 29°41′06″N 95°24′40″W / 29.685°N 95.411°W / 29.685; -95.411 (Houston Texans) 02002-01-012002 Bill O'Brien
Indianapolis Colts* Indianapolis, IN Lucas Oil Stadium 67,000 39°45′36″N 86°09′50″W / 39.760°N 86.164°W / 39.760; -86.164 (Indianapolis Colts) 01953-01-011953 Chuck Pagano
Jacksonville Jaguars Jacksonville, FL EverBank Field[C] 67,246 30°19′26″N 81°38′17″W / 30.324°N 81.638°W / 30.324; -81.638 (Jacksonville Jaguars) 01995-01-011995 Gus Bradley
Tennessee Titans* Nashville, TN Nissan Stadium 69,143 36°09′58″N 86°46′16″W / 36.166°N 86.771°W / 36.166; -86.771 (Tennessee Titans) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Mike Mularkey
Barat Denver Broncos Denver, CO Sports Authority Field at Mile High 76,125 39°44′38″N 105°01′12″W / 39.744°N 105.02°W / 39.744; -105.02 (Denver Broncos) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Gary Kubiak
Kansas City Chiefs* Kansas City, MO Arrowhead Stadium 76,416 39°02′56″N 94°29′02″W / 39.049°N 94.484°W / 39.049; -94.484 (Kansas City Chiefs) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Andy Reid
Oakland Raiders* Oakland, CA Oakland Alameda Coliseum 56,063 37°45′07″N 122°12′04″W / 37.752°N 122.201°W / 37.752; -122.201 (Oakland Raiders) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Jack Del Rio
San Diego Chargers* San Diego, CA Qualcomm Stadium 70,561 32°46′59″N 117°07′08″W / 32.783°N 117.119°W / 32.783; -117.119 (San Diego Chargers) 01960-01-011960 (AFL), 1970 (NFL) Mike McCoy
National Football Conference
Timur Dallas Cowboys Arlington, TX AT&T Stadium 80,000 32°44′53″N 97°05′35″W / 32.748°N 97.093°W / 32.748; -97.093 (Dallas Cowboys) 01960-01-011960 Jason Garrett
New York Giants East Rutherford, NJ MetLife Stadium[A] 82,500 40°48′50″N 74°04′26″W / 40.814°N 74.074°W / 40.814; -74.074 (New York Giants) 01925-01-011925 Ben McAdoo
Philadelphia Eagles Philadelphia, PA Lincoln Financial Field 69,596 39°54′04″N 75°10′05″W / 39.901°N 75.168°W / 39.901; -75.168 (Philadelphia Eagles) 01933-01-011933 Doug Pederson
Washington Redskins* Landover, MD FedExField 82,000 38°54′29″N 76°51′50″W / 38.908°N 76.864°W / 38.908; -76.864 (Washington Redskins) 01932-01-011932 Jay Gruden
Utara Chicago Bears*† Chicago, IL Soldier Field 61,500 41°51′47″N 87°37′01″W / 41.863°N 87.617°W / 41.863; -87.617 (Chicago Bears) 01920-01-011920 John Fox
Detroit Lions* Detroit, MI Ford Field 65,000 42°20′24″N 83°02′46″W / 42.34°N 83.046°W / 42.34; -83.046 (Detroit Lions) 01930-01-011930 Jim Caldwell
Green Bay Packers Green Bay, WI Lambeau Field 81,435 44°30′04″N 88°03′43″W / 44.501°N 88.062°W / 44.501; -88.062 (Green Bay Packers) 01921-01-011921 Mike McCarthy
Minnesota Vikings Minneapolis, MN U.S. Bank Stadium 66,655 44°58′26″N 93°15′29″W / 44.9739°N 93.2581°W / 44.9739; -93.2581 (Minnesota Vikings) 01961-01-011961 Mike Zimmer
Selatan Atlanta Falcons Atlanta, GA Georgia Dome 71,250 33°45′29″N 84°24′04″W / 33.758°N 84.401°W / 33.758; -84.401 (Atlanta Falcons) 01966-01-011966 Dan Quinn
Carolina Panthers Charlotte, NC Bank of America Stadium 75,419 35°13′34″N 80°51′11″W / 35.226°N 80.853°W / 35.226; -80.853 (Carolina Panthers) 01995-01-011995 Ron Rivera
New Orleans Saints New Orleans, LA Mercedes-Benz Superdome 73,000 29°57′04″N 90°04′52″W / 29.951°N 90.081°W / 29.951; -90.081 (New Orleans Saints) 01967-01-011967 Sean Payton
Tampa Bay Buccaneers Tampa, FL Raymond James Stadium 65,890 27°58′34″N 82°30′11″W / 27.976°N 82.503°W / 27.976; -82.503 (Tampa Bay Buccaneers) 01976-01-011976 Dirk Koetter
Barat Arizona Cardinals*† Glendale, AZ University of Phoenix Stadium 63,400 33°31′41″N 112°15′47″W / 33.528°N 112.263°W / 33.528; -112.263 (Arizona Cardinals) 01920-01-011920 Bruce Arians
Los Angeles Rams* Los Angeles, CA Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum[D] 93,607 34°00′50″N 118°17′17″W / 34.014°N 118.288°W / 34.014; -118.288 (Los Angeles Rams) 01936-01-011936 (Second AFL), 01937-01-011937 (NFL) Jeff Fisher
San Francisco 49ers Santa Clara, CA Levi's Stadium 68,500 37°24′11″N 121°58′12″W / 37.403°N 121.97°W / 37.403; -121.97 (San Francisco 49ers) 01946-01-011946 (AAFC), 01950-01-011950 (NFL) Chip Kelly
Seattle Seahawks Seattle, WA CenturyLink Field 68,000 47°35′42″N 122°19′55″W / 47.595°N 122.332°W / 47.595; -122.332 (Seattle Seahawks) 01976-01-011976 Pete Carroll
* klub yang sudah pernah berpindah kota
† klub pendiri NFL

Catatan

  1. ^ a b The New York Jets dan New York Giants berbagi MetLife Stadium.[7]
  2. ^ a b The Baltimore Ravens were originally the Cleveland Browns, and moved to Baltimore in 1996. Due to an agreement with the city of Cleveland that allowed the club to move, the Browns name, colors, and team history/records were left for a new Cleveland Browns team while the team, personnel, and staff of the old Browns team were allowed to move to Baltimore.[8] As such, the Ravens are considered to have begun play in 1996 while the current Cleveland Browns are considered to have been founded in 1950, became inactive from 1996 to 1998,[6] and resumed play as new team in 1999.[9]
  3. ^ The Jaguars began playing one home game each season at Wembley Stadium in London, England in 2013, and will continue to do so through 2020.[10][11][12]
  4. ^ The Rams will play at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum from 2016–2018 until the Los Angeles Entertainment Center in Inglewood, California, has finished construction for the 2019 NFL season.[13][14][15]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Sept. 17, 1920 – The Founding of the NFL". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Diakses tanggal July 9, 2012. 
  2. ^ "Team histories:Green Bay Packers". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Diakses tanggal 20 Juni 2013. The franchise has claimed a record 13 NFL championships including four Super Bowl titles. 
  3. ^ "Packers win beat Pittsburgh Steelers to win Super Bowl XLV". Fox Sports. Associated Press. 6 Februari 2011. Diakses tanggal 20 Juni 2013. [Aaron Rodgers] extended the Packers' record of NFL titles to 13, nine before the Super Bowl era. 
  4. ^ a b "Teams". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  5. ^ Breer, Albert (July 6, 2012). "NFL stadiums go from boom to swoon in span of a decade". NFL. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  6. ^ a b "History of NFL franchises, 1920-present". Pro Football Hall of Fame. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  7. ^ Borden, Sam; Shipigel, Ben (December 22, 2011). "Preparations Different for a Home-and-Home Contest". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal February 2, 2013. 
  8. ^ Morgan, Jan (February 9, 1996). "Deal clears NFL path to Baltimore". The Baltimore Sun. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  9. ^ Gossi, Tony (September 12, 1999). "Rival Pittsburgh gives Cleveland a brutal welcome in 43-0 drubbing". The Plain Dealer. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  10. ^ Pengelly, Martin (August 21, 2012). "Jacksonville Jaguars to play four NFL 'home' games at Wembley". The Guardian. London. Diakses tanggal February 1, 2013. 
  11. ^ "Jacksonville Jaguars to host regular-season game in United Kingdom in each of next four years". Jaguars.com. Jacksonville Jaguars. August 21, 2012. Diakses tanggal January 14, 2015. 
  12. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Jaguars at Wembley through 2020
  13. ^ Hanzus, Dan (January 12, 2016). "Rams to relocate to L.A.; Chargers first option to join". NFL.com. National Football League. Diakses tanggal January 18, 2016. 
  14. ^ "General FAQs". Los Angeles Rams. January 18, 2016. Diakses tanggal January 18, 2016. Where will the Rams play? For the first three seasons we'll play at the L.A. Coliseum. In 2019, we'll move into the most advanced, world-class stadium ever built located in Inglewood, CA. 
  15. ^ Kurzweil, Anthony (January 18, 2016). "Los Angeles Rams to Take Season Ticket Deposits Beginning Monday". KTLA.com. KTLA. Diakses tanggal January 18, 2016. 

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