Henry Morgenthau Jr.
Henry Morgenthau Jr. | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Menteri Keuangan Amerika Serikat ke-52 | |
| Masa jabatan 1 Januari 1934 – 22 Juli 1945 | |
| Presiden | Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman |
| Informasi pribadi | |
| Lahir | 11 Mei 1891 New York City, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Meninggal | 6 Februari 1967 (umur 75) Poughkeepsie, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Partai politik | Partai Demokrat |
| Suami/istri | Elinor Fatman |
| Anak | Henry Morgenthau III, Robert Morgenthau & Joan Morgenthau Hirschhorn |
| Pendidikan | Universitas Cornell (Sarjana) |
| Tanda tangan |  |
  | |
Henry Morgenthau Jr. (/ˈmɔːrɡənθɔː/; 11 Mei 1891 – 6 Februari 1967) adalah Menteri Keuangan Amerika Serikat pada sebagian besar masa pemerintahan Franklin D. Roosevelt. Ia memainkan peran besar dalam merancang dan mendanai New Deal. Setelah 1937, saat masih menjabat sebagai Menkeu, ia memainkan peran utama dalam mendanai keterlibatan Amerika Serikat pada Perang Dunia II.[1] Ia juga memainkan peran besar dalam membentuk kebijakan luar negero, khususnya dalam menanggapi Lend-Lease, mendukung Tiongkok, membantu para pengungsi Yahudi dan memberikan proporsal untuk mencegah Jerman kembali menjadi ancaman militer (dalam "Rencana Morgenthau").[2]
Morgenthau adalah ayah dari Robert M. Morgenthau, yang menjadi jaksa distrik Manhattan selama 35 tahun dan Henry Morgenthau III, seorang penulis dan produser televisi Amerika Serikat. Ia masih menjadi menkeu pada bulan-bulan pertama masa kepresidenan Harry Truman. Dari 27 Juni 1945 sampai 3 Juli 1945, setelah pengunduran diri Menlu Edward Stettinius Jr., ia menjadi orang berikutnya dalam garis kepresidenan. Sehingga, Morgenthau menjadi Yahudi pertama yang berada dalam garis suksesi presidensial.[3][4][5]
Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, pp. 9–11, 125–7, Random House, New York, NY, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4.
- ^ May 2000.
- ^ "Succession to the Presidency". CQ Researcher by CQ Press.
- ^ Hugh E. Evans (2002). The Hidden Campaign: FDR's Health and the 1944 Election
. M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 125. ISBN 978-0-7656-0855-0. henry morgenthau first in line to presidency.
- ^ "Henry Morgenthau, Jr., U.S. Secretary of the Treasury". geni_family_tree.
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Beschloss, Michael (2002). The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman and the Destruction of Hitler's Germany, 1941–1945. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-81027-0. LCCN 2002030331. Devotes much attention to Morgenthau Plan
- Hurwitz, Ariel (1991). "The Struggle over the Creation of the War Refugee Board (WRB)". Holocaust and Genocide Studies. 6 (1): 17–31. doi:10.1093/hgs/6.1.17.
- Irey, Elmer Lincoln (1948). The Tax Dodgers: The Insider Story of the T-Men's War with America's Political and Underworld Hoodlums. Greenburg. ASIN B002DIUAAW.
- May, Dean L. (1981). From New Deal to New Economics: The American Liberal Response to the Recession of 1937. ISBN 978-0-8240-4862-4. LCCN 80008466.
- May, Dean L. (2000). Morgenthau, Henry Jr. American National Biography. Oxford University Press.
- Penkower, Monty Noam (1980). "Jewish Organizations and the Creation of the U.S. War Refugee Board". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 450 (1): 122–139. doi:10.1177/000271628045000111.
- Petrov, Vladimir Nikolayevich (1967). Money and Conquest: Allied Occupation Currencies in World War II. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-0530-1. LCCN 66026685. OCLC 186795.
- Repetto, Thomas (2004). The American Mafia: A History of Its Rise to Power. Henry Holt & Company. ISBN 978-0-8050-7210-5. LCCN 2003056736.
- Brands, H. W. (October 2011). Greenback Planet: How the Dollar Conquered the World and Threatened Civilization as We Know It. Discovering America. hlm. 54, 55. ISBN 978-0-292-72341-2.
- Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. (1957–1960). The Age of Roosevelt, vol. I–III. LCCN 56010293.
- Moreira, Peter (2014). The Jew Who Defeated Hitler: Henry Morgenthau Jr., FDR, and How We Won the War. ISBN 978-1-61614-958-1.
- Zelizer, Julian E. (June 2000). "The Forgotten Legacy of the New Deal: Fiscal Conservatism and the Roosevelt Administration, 1933–1938". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 30 (2): 331–358. doi:10.1111/j.0360-4918.2000.00115.x. JSTOR 27552097.
Sumber primer[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Blum, John Morton, ed. From the Morgenthau Diaries, a 3-volume narrative of Morgenthau's New Deal years (1928–45) based very closely on his diary.; abridged edition: Roosevelt and Morgenthau: A Revision and Condensation of From the Morgenthau Diaries (1970)
Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Time Magazine October 15, 1945 Morgenthau's Hope Diarsipkan 2013-08-26 di Wayback Machine. Reaction to the publication of Morgenthau's book "Germany is Our Problem" where he promotes the "Morgenthau Plan".
- Time Magazine September 22, 1967 Vengeance v. Vision Diarsipkan 2013-08-08 di Wayback Machine. Review of Years of War, 1941–1945; From the Morgenthau Diaries by John Morton Blum.
- U.S. Treasury – Biography of Secretary Morgenthau
- Stay the Hand of Vengeance by Gary Bass
- Kliping surat kabar tentang Henry Morgenthau Jr. di Arsip Pers Abad ke-20 dari Perpustakaan Ekonomi Nasional Jerman (ZBW)
| Umum | |
|---|---|
| Perpustakaan nasional | |
| Lain-lain | |