Daftar pemimpin negara tahun 1997
Tampilan
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Berikut ini adalah daftar kepala negara, kepala pemerintahan, dan pemimpin negara lain pada tahun 1997.
Afrika
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Aljazair -
- Presiden - Liamine Zéroual, Presiden Aljazair (1994–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Ahmed Ouyahia, Perdana Menteri Aljazair (1995–1998)
- Angola -
- Presiden - José Eduardo dos Santos, Presiden Angola (1979–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem, Perdana Menteri Angola (1996–1999)
- Benin
- Presiden - Mathieu Kérékou, Presiden Benin (1996–2006)
- Perdana Menteri - Adrien Houngbédji, Perdana Menteri Benin (1996–1998)
- Botswana -
- Presiden - Sir Quett Masire, Presiden Botswana (1980–1998)
- Burkina Faso -
- Presiden - Blaise Compaoré, Presiden Burkina Faso (1987–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo, Perdana Menteri Burkina Faso (1996–2000)
- Burundi -
- Presiden - Pierre Buyoya, Presiden Burundi (1996–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Pascal-Firmin Ndimira, Perdana Menteri Burundi (1996–1998)
- Kamerun -
- Presiden - Paul Biya, Presiden Kamerun (1982–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Peter Mafany Musonge, Perdana Menteri Kamerun (1996–2004)
- Tanjung Verde -
- Presiden - António Mascarenhas Monteiro, Presiden Tanjung Verde (1991–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Carlos Veiga, Perdana Menteri Tanjung Verde (1991–2000)
- Republik Afrika Tengah
- Presiden - Ange-Félix Patassé, Presiden Republik Afrika Tengah (1993–2003)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Perdana Menteri Republik Afrika Tengah (1996–1997)
- Michel Gbezera-Bria, Perdana Menteri Republik Afrika Tengah (1997–1999)
- Chad -
- Presiden - Idriss Déby, Presiden Chad (1990–present)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Koibla Djimasta, Perdana Menteri Chad (1995–1997)
- Nassour Guelendouksia Ouaido, Perdana Menteri Chad (1997–1999)
- Komoro -
- Presiden - Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, Presiden Komoro (1996–1998)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Ahmed Abdou, Perdana Menteri Komoro (1996–1997)
- Nourdine Bourhane, Perdana Menteri Komoro (1997–1998)
- Anjouan (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- declared independence on 3 August 1997
- Presiden - Foundi Abdallah Ibrahim, Presiden Anjouan (1997–1999)
- Mohéli (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- declared independence on 11 August 1997
- Presiden - Said Mohamed Soefu, Presiden Mohéli (1997–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Soidri Ahmed, Perdana Menteri Mohéli (1997–1998)
- Congo–Brazzaville (Republik Kongo)
- Presiden -
- Pascal Lissouba, Presiden Republik Kongo (1992–1997)
- Denis Sassou Nguesso, Presiden Republik Kongo (1997–present)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Charles David Ganao, Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo (1996–1997)
- Bernard Kolélas, Perdana Menteri Republik Kongo (1997)
- Presiden -
- Congo–Kinshasa (Republik Demokratik Kongo)
- name changed from Zaire to Republik Demokratik Kongo on 17 May 1997
- Presiden -
- Mobutu Sese Seko, Presiden Zaire (1965–1997)
- Laurent-Désiré Kabila, Presiden Republik Demokratik Kongo (1997–2001)
- Kepala Pemerintahan -
- Kengo Wa Dondo, First Negara Komisaris Zaire (1994–1997)
- Étienne Tshisekedi, First Negara Komisaris Zaire (1997)
- Likulia Bolongo, First Negara Komisaris Zaire (1997)
- Pantai Gading -
- Presiden - Henri Konan Bédié, Presiden Pantai Gading (1993–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Daniel Kablan Duncan, Perdana Menteri Pantai Gading (1993–1999)
- Jibuti -
- Presiden - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, Presiden Jibuti (1977–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Perdana Menteri Jibuti (1978–2001)
- Mesir -
- Presiden - Hosni Mubarak, Presiden Mesir (1981–2011)
- Perdana Menteri - Kamal Ganzouri, Perdana Menteri Mesir (1996–1999)
- Guinea Khatulistiwa -
- Presiden - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, Presiden Guinea Khatulistiwa (1979–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Ángel Serafín Seriche Dougan, Perdana Menteri Guinea Khatulistiwa (1996–2001)
- Eritrea -
- Presiden - Isaias Afewerki, Presiden Eritrea (1991–sekarang)[1]
- Ethiopia -
- Presiden - Negasso Gidada, Presiden Ethiopia (1995–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Meles Zenawi, Perdana Menteri Ethiopia (1995–2012)
- Gabon -
- Presiden - Omar Bongo, Presiden Gabon (1967–2009)
- Perdana Menteri - Paulin Obame-Nguema, Perdana Menteri Gabon (1994–1999)
- Gambia -
- Presiden - Yahya Jammeh, Presiden Gambia (1994–present)
- Ghana
- Presiden - Jerry Rawlings, Presiden Ghana (1981–2001)
- Guinea -
- Presiden - Lansana Conté, Presiden Guinea (1984–2008)
- Perdana Menteri - Sidya Touré, Perdana Menteri Guinea (1996–1999)
- Guinea-Bissau -
- Presiden - João Bernardo Vieira, Presiden Guinea-Bissau (1984–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Manuel Saturnino da Costa, Perdana Menteri Guinea-Bissau (1994–1997)
- Carlos Correia, Perdana Menteri Guinea-Bissau (1997–1998)
- Kenya -
- Presiden - Daniel arap Moi, Presiden Kenya (1978–2002)
- Lesotho -
- Penguasa monarki - Letsie III, Raja Lesotho (1996–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Ntsu Mokhehle, Perdana Menteri Lesotho (1994–1998)
- Liberia -
- Kepala Negara -
- Ruth Perry, Chairwoman of Dewan Negara Liberia (1996–1997)
- Charles Taylor, Presiden Liberia (1997–2003)
- Kepala Negara -
- Libya
- De facto Kepala Negara - Muammar Gaddafi, Pemimpin Revolusi Libya (1969–2011)
- Nominal Kepala Negara - Muhammad az-Zanati, Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Rakyat Libya (1992–2008)
- Kepala Pemerintahan -
- Madagaskar -
- Presiden -
- Norbert Ratsirahonana, Presiden Madagaskar sementara (1996–1997)
- Didier Ratsiraka, Presiden Madagaskar (1997–2002)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Norbert Ratsirahonana, Perdana Menteri Madagaskar (1996–1997)
- Pascal Rakotomavo, Perdana Menteri Madagaskar (1997–1998)
- Presiden -
- Malawi -
- Presiden - Bakili Muluzi, Presiden Malawi (1994–2004)
- Mali -
- Presiden - Alpha Oumar Konaré, Presiden Mali (1992–2002)
- Perdana Menteri - Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, Perdana Menteri Mali (1994–2000)
- Mauritania -
- Presiden - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Presiden Mauritania (1984–2005)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Perdana Menteri Mauritania (1996–1997)
- Mohamed Lemine Ould Guig, Perdana Menteri Mauritania (1997–1998)
- Mauritius -
- Presiden - Cassam Uteem, Presiden Mauritius (1992–2002)
- Perdana Menteri - Navin Ramgoolam, Perdana Menteri Mauritius (1995–2000)
- Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of Prancis)
- Prefek - Philippe Boisadam, Prefek Mayotte (1996–1998)
- Presiden Dewan Jenderal - Younoussa Bamana, Presiden Dewan Jenderal Mayotte (1991–2004)
- Maroko -
- Penguasa monarki - Hassan II, Raja Maroko (1961–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Abdellatif Filali, Perdana Menteri Maroko (1994–1998)
- Western Sahara (negara yang memerdekakan diri yang tidak banyak diakui)
- Presiden - Mohamed Abdelaziz, Presiden Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Mahfoud Ali Beiba, Perdana Menteri Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1995–1999)
- Mozambik -
- Presiden - Joaquim Chissano, Presiden Mozambik (1986–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Pascoal Mocumbi, Perdana Menteri Mozambik (1994–2004)
- Namibia -
- Presiden - Sam Nujoma, Presiden Namibia (1990–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Hage Geingob, Perdana Menteri Namibia (1990–2002)
- Niger -
- Presiden - Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, Presiden Niger (1996–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Amadou Cissé, Perdana Menteri Niger (1996–1997)
- Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki, Perdana Menteri Niger (1997–2000)
- Nigeria -
- Kepala Negara - Sani Abacha, Ketua Provisional Ruling Dewan Nigeria (1993–1998)
- Rwanda -
- Presiden - Pasteur Bizimungu, Presiden Rwanda (1994–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Pierre-Célestin Rwigema, Perdana Menteri Rwanda (1995–2000)
- Saint Helena dan Dependencies (Wilayah Seberang Laut Britania)
- Gubernur - David Smallman, Gubernur Saint Helena (1995–1999)
- Sao Tome dan Principe -
- Presiden - Miguel Trovoada, Presiden Sao Tome dan Principe (1995–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Raul Bragança Neto, Perdana Menteri Sao Tome dan Principe (1996–1999)
- Senegal -
- Presiden - Abdou Diouf, Presiden Senegal (1981–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Habib Thiam, Perdana Menteri Senegal (1991–1998)
- Seychelles -
- Presiden - Prancis-Albert René, Presiden Seychelles (1977–2004)
- Sierra Leone -
- Kepala Negara -
- Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, Presiden Sierra Leone (1996–1997)
- Johnny Paul Koroma, Ketua Armed Forces Revolutionary Dewan Sierra Leone (1997–1998)
- Kepala Negara -
- Somalia -
- Presiden - Hussein Mohamed Farrah, Presiden Somalia (1996–1997)
- Perdana Menteri - Umar Arteh Ghalib, Perdana Menteri Somalia (1991–1997)
- Somaliland (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, Presiden Somaliland (1993–2002)
- Afrika Selatan -
- Presiden - Nelson Mandela, Presiden Afrika Selatan (1994–1999)
- Sudan -
- Presiden - Omar al-Bashir, Presiden Sudan (1989–sekarang)
- Swaziland -
- Penguasa monarki - Mswati III, Raja Swaziland (1986–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Perdana Menteri Swaziland (1996–2003)
- Tanzania -
- Presiden - Benjamin Mkapa, Presiden Tanzania (1995–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Frederick Sumaye, Perdana Menteri Tanzania (1995–2005)
- Togo -
- Presiden - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, Presiden Togo (1967–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Kwassi Klutse, Perdana Menteri Togo (1996–1999)
- Tunisia -
- Presiden - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Presiden Tunisia (1987–2011)
- Perdana Menteri - Hamed Karoui, Perdana Menteri Tunisia (1989–1999)
- Uganda -
- Presiden - Yoweri Museveni, Presiden Uganda (1986–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Kintu Musoke, Perdana Menteri Uganda (1994–1999)
- Zaire
- see under Congo–Kinshasa
- Zambia -
- Presiden - Frederick Chiluba, Presiden Zambia (1991–2002)
- Zimbabwe -
- Presiden - Robert Mugabe, Presiden Zimbabwe (1987–present)
Asia
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Afghanistan -
- (Taliban) -
- De Facto Kepala Negara - Mohammed Omar, Ketua Supreme Dewan Afghanistan (1996–2001)
- De Facto Perdana Menteri - Mohammad Rabbani, Kepala Supreme Council (1996–2001)
- (United Islamic Front for the Salvation of Afghanistan) - Burhanuddin Rabbani, Presiden Afghanistan (1992–2001)
- (Taliban) -
- Bahrain -
- Penguasa monarki - Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Emir Bahrain (1961–1999)[2]
- Perdana Menteri - Sheikh Khalifa ibn Salman Al Khalifa, Perdana Menteri Bahrain (1970–present)[3]
- Bangladesh -
- Presiden - Shahabuddin Ahmed, Presiden Bangladesh (1996–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Sheikh Hasina, Perdana Menteri Bangladesh (1996–2001)
- Bhutan
- Penguasa monarki - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, Raja Bhutan (1972–2006)
- Brunei
- Penguasa monarki - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan Brunei (1967–sekarang)[4]
- Perdana Menteri - Hassanal Bolkiah, Perdana Menteri Brunei (1984–sekarang)
- Kamboja -
- Penguasa monarki - Norodom Sihanouk, Raja Kamboja (1993–2004)
- Perdana Menteris -
- Pangeran Norodom Ranariddh, First Perdana Menteri Kamboja (1993–1997)
- Ung Huot, First Perdana Menteri Kamboja (1997–1998)
- Hun Sen, Second Perdana Menteri Kamboja (1985–sekarang)
- China (People's Republic of China) -
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis- Jiang Zemin, Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Komunis China (1989–2002)
- Presiden - Jiang Zemin, Presiden People's Republic of China (1993–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Li Peng, Perdana Menteri People's Republic of China (1987–1998)
- Hong Kong (British dependent territory)
- joined China on 1 July 1997
- Gubernur - Chris Patten, Gubernur Hong Kong (1992–1997)
- India -
- Presiden -
- Shankar Dayal Sharma, Presiden India (1992–1997)
- K. R. Narayanan, Presiden India (1997–2002)
- Perdana Menteri -
- H. D. Deve Gowda, Perdana Menteri India (1996–1997)
- Inder Kumar Gujral, Perdana Menteri India (1997–1998)
- Presiden -
- Indonesia -
- Presiden - Suharto, Presiden Indonesia (1967–1998)
- Iran -
- Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Pemimpin Tertinggi Iran (1989–sekarang)
- Presiden -
- Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Presiden Iran (1989–1997)
- Mohammad Khatami, Presiden Iran (1997–2005)
- Irak -
- Presiden - Saddam Hussein, Presiden Irak (1979–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Saddam Hussein, Perdana Menteri Irak (1994–2003)
- Israel -
- Presiden - Ezer Weizman, Presiden Israel (1993–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Benjamin Netanyahu, Perdana Menteri Israel (1996–1999)
- Palestinian Authority (otoritas administratif non-negara)
- Presiden - Yasser Arafat, Presiden Palestinian Authority (1994–2004)
- Jepang -
- Penguasa monarki - Akihito, Kaisar Jepang (1989–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Ryutaro Hashimoto, Perdana Menteri Jepang (1996–1998)
- Yordania -
- Penguasa monarki - Hussein, Raja Yordania (1952–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Abdul Karim al-Kabariti, Perdana Menteri Yordania (1996–1997)
- Abdelsalam al-Majali, Perdana Menteri Yordania (1997–1998)
- Kazakhstan -
- Presiden - Nursultan Nazarbayev, Presiden Kazakhstan (1990–sekarang)[5]
- Perdana Menteri -
- Akezhan Kazhegeldin, Perdana Menteri Kazakhstan (1994–1997)
- Nurlan Balgimbayev, Perdana Menteri Kazakhstan (1997–1999)
- Korea Utara (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis - Kim Jong-il, Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Pekerja Korea (1997–2011)
- Presiden - vacant, Presiden Korea Utara (1994–1998)
- De facto Kepala Negara - Kim Jong-il, Ketua Komisi Pertahanan Nasional Korea Utara (1993–2011)[6]
- Perdana Menteri -
- Kang Song-san, Perdana Menteri Korea Utara (1992–1997)
- Hong Song-nam, Perdana Menteri Korea Utara (1997–2003)
- Korea Selatan (Republic of Korea) -
- Presiden - Kim Young-sam, Presiden Korea Selatan (1993–1998)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Lee Soo Sung, Perdana Menteri Korea Selatan (1995–1997)
- Goh Kun, Perdana Menteri Korea Selatan (1997–1998)
- Kuwait -
- Penguasa monarki - Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir Kuwait (1977–2006)[7]
- Perdana Menteri - Sheikh Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Perdana Menteri Kuwait (1978–2003)[7]
- Kirgizstan -
- Presiden - Askar Akayev, Presiden Kirgizstan (1990–2005)[8]
- Perdana Menteri - Apas Jumagulov, Perdana Menteri Kirgizstan (1993–1998)
- Laos -
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis - Khamtai Siphandon, Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Revolusioner Rakyat Lao (1992–2006)
- Presiden - Nouhak Phoumsavanh, Presiden Laos (1992–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Khamtai Siphandon, Ketua Dewan Menteri Laos (1991–1998)
- Lebanon -
- Presiden - Elias Hrawi, Presiden Lebanon (1989–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Rafic Hariri, Perdana Menteri Lebanon (1992–1998)
- Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
- Gubernur - Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira, Gubernur Macau (1991–1999)
- Malaysia -
- Penguasa monarki - Tuanku Jaafar, Yang di-Pertuan Agong dari Malaysia (1994–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Mahathir Mohamad, Perdana Menteri Malaysia (1981–2003)
- Maladewa -
- Presiden - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, Presiden Maladewa (1978–2008)
- Mongolia -
- Presiden -
- Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Presiden Mongolia (1990–1997)
- Natsagiin Bagabandi, Presiden Mongolia (1997–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan, Perdana Menteri Mongolia (1996–1998)
- Presiden -
- Myanmar -
- Kepala Negara - Than Shwe, Ketua Negara Law dan Order Restoration Dewan Myanmar (1992–2011)
- Perdana Menteri - Than Shwe, Perdana Menteri Myanmar (1992–2003)
- Nepal -
- Penguasa monarki - Birendra, Raja Nepal (1972–2001)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Sher Bahadur Deuba, Perdana Menteri Nepal (1995–1997)
- Lokendra Bahadur Chand, Perdana Menteri Nepal (1997)
- Surya Bahadur Thapa, Perdana Menteri Nepal (1997–1998)
- Oman -
- Penguasa monarki - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan Oman (1970–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Perdana Menteri Oman (1972–sekarang)
- Pakistan -
- Presiden -
- Farooq Leghari, Presiden Pakistan (1993–1997)
- Wasim Sajjad, Presiden Pakistan sementara (1997–1998)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Malik Meraj Khalid, Interim Perdana Menteri Pakistan (1996–1997)
- Nawaz Sharif, Perdana Menteri Pakistan (1997–1999)
- Presiden -
- Filipina -
- Presiden - Fidel V. Ramos, Presiden Filipina (1992–1998)
- Qatar -
- Penguasa monarki - Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir Qatar (1995–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Sheikh Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani, Perdana Menteri Qatar (1996–2007)
- Arab Saudi
- Penguasa monarki - Fahd, Raja Arab Saudi (1982–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Fahd, Perdana Menteri Arab Saudi (1982–2005)
- Singapura -
- Presiden - Ong Teng Cheong, Presiden Singapura (1993–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Goh Chok Tong, Perdana Menteri Singapura (1990–2004)
- Sri Lanka -
- Presiden - Chandrika Kumaratunga, Presiden Sri Lanka (1994–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Perdana Menteri Sri Lanka (1994–2000)
- Suriah -
- Presiden - Hafez al-Assad, Presiden Suriah (1971–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Mahmoud Zuabi, Perdana Menteri Suriah (1987–2000)
- Taiwan (Republic of China) -
- Presiden - Lee Teng-hui, Presiden Republic of China (1988–2000)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Lien Chan, Presiden Executive Yuan of Republic of China (1993–1997)
- Vincent Siew, Presiden Executive Yuan of Republic of China (1997–2000)
- Tajikistan -
- Presiden - Emomali Rahmonov, Presiden Tajikistan (1992–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Yahyo Azimov, Perdana Menteri Tajikistan (1996–1999)
- Thailand -
- Penguasa monarki - Bhumibol Adulyadej, Raja Thailand (1946–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Chavalit Yongchaiyudh, Perdana Menteri Thailand (1996–1997)
- Chuan Leekpai, Perdana Menteri Thailand (1997–2001)
- Turki -
- Presiden - Süleyman Demirel, Presiden Turki (1993–2000)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Necmettin Erbakan, Perdana Menteri Turki (1996–1997)
- Mesut Yılmaz, Perdana Menteri Turki (1997–1999)
- Turkmenistan -
- Presiden - Saparmurat Niyazov, Presiden Turkmenistan (1990–2006)[9]
- Uni Emirat Arab -
- Presiden - Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Presiden Uni Emirat Arab (1971–2004)
- Perdana Menteri - Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Perdana Menteri Uni Emirat Arab (1990–2006)
- Uzbekistan -
- Presiden - Islam Karimov, Presiden Uzbekistan (1990–sekarang)[10]
- Perdana Menteri - O‘tkir Sultonov, Perdana Menteri Uzbekistan (1995–2003)
- Vietnam -
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis -
- Đỗ Mười, Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Komunis Vietnam (1991–1997)
- Lê Khả Phiêu, Sekretaris Jenderal Partai Komunis Vietnam (1997–2001)
- Presiden -
- Lê Đức Anh, Presiden Vietnam (1992–1997)
- Trần Đức Lương, Presiden Vietnam (1997–2006)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Võ Văn Kiệt, Perdana Menteri Vietnam (1991–1997)
- Phan Văn Khải, Perdana Menteri Vietnam (1997–2006)
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis -
- Yaman -
- Presiden - Ali Abdullah Saleh, Presiden Yaman (1978–2012)[11]
- Perdana Menteri -
- Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Perdana Menteri Yaman (1994–1997)
- Faraj Said Bin Ghanem, Perdana Menteri Yaman (1997–1998)
Eropa
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Albania -
- Presiden -
- Sali Berisha, Presiden Albania (1992–1997)
- Skënder Gjinushi, Presiden Albania sementara (1997)
- Rexhep Meidani, Presiden Albania (1997–2002)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Aleksander Meksi, Perdana Menteri Albania (1992–1997)
- Bashkim Fino, Perdana Menteri Albania (1997)
- Fatos Nano, Perdana Menteri Albania (1997–1998)
- Presiden -
- Andorra -
- Penguasa monarki -
- Pangeran Bersama Prancis - Jacques Chirac, Pangeran Bersama Prancis Andorra (1995–2007)
- Perwakilan -
- Jean-Yves Caullet (1993–1997)
- Pierre de Bousquet de Florian (1997–1999)
- Perwakilan -
- Pangeran Bersama Episkopal - Joan Martí i Alanis, Pangeran Bersama Episkopal Andorra (1971–2003)
- Perwakilan - Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
- Pangeran Bersama Prancis - Jacques Chirac, Pangeran Bersama Prancis Andorra (1995–2007)
- Perdana Menteri - Marc Forné Molné, Kepala Pemerintahan Andorra (1994–2005)
- Penguasa monarki -
- Armenia -
- Presiden - Levon Ter-Petrosyan, Presiden Armenia (1990–1998)[12]
- Perdana Menteri -
- Armen Sargsyan, Perdana Menteri Armenia (1996–1997)
- Robert Kocharyan, Perdana Menteri Armenia (1997–1998)
- Austria -
- Presiden - Thomas Klestil, Presiden Federal Austria (1992–2004)
- Kanselir -
- Franz Vranitzky, Kanselir Federal Austria (1986–1997)
- Viktor Klima, Kanselir Federal Austria (1997–2000)
- Azerbaijan -
- Presiden - Heydar Aliyev, Presiden Azerbaijan (1993–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Artur Rasizade, Perdana Menteri Azerbaijan (1996–2003)
- Nagorno-Karabakh (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden -
- Robert Kocharyan, Presiden Nagorno-Karabakh (1994–1997)
- Leonard Petrosyan, Presiden Nagorno-Karabakh sementara (1997)
- Arkadi Ghukasyan, Presiden Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
- Perdana Menteri - Leonard Petrosyan, Perdana Menteri Nagorno-Karabakh (1994–1998)
- Presiden -
- Belarus -
- Presiden - Alexander Lukashenko, Presiden Belarus (1994–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Mikhail Chigir, Perdana Menteri Belarus (1994–1997)
- Syargey Ling, Perdana Menteri Belarus (1997–2000)
- Belgia -
- Penguasa monarki - Albert II, Raja Belgia (1993–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Jean-Luc Dehaene, Perdana Menteri Belgia (1992–1999)
- Bosnia dan Herzegovina -
- Kepala Negara - Kepresidenan Bosnia dan Herzegovina
- Bosniak member - Alija Izetbegović (1996–2000), Ketua Kepresidenan Bosnia dan Herzegovina (1996–1998)
- Serb member - Momčilo Krajišnik (1996–1998)
- Croat member - Krešimir Zubak (1996–1998)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Hasan Muratović, Perdana Menteri Bosnia dan Hercegovina (1996–1997)
- Haris Silajdžić dan Boro Bosić, Co-Perdana Menteris of Bosnia dan Herzegovina (1997–1999)
- Perwakilan Tinggi -
- Kepala Negara - Kepresidenan Bosnia dan Herzegovina
- Bulgaria -
- Presiden -
- Zhelyu Zhelev, Presiden Bulgaria (1990–1997)
- Petar Stoyanov, Presiden Bulgaria (1997–2002)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Zhan Videnov, Perdana Menteri Bulgaria (1995–1997)
- Stefan Sofiyanski, Perdana Menteri Bulgaria sementara (1997)
- Ivan Kostov, Perdana Menteri Bulgaria (1997–2001)
- Presiden -
- Kroasia -
- Presiden - Franjo Tuđman, Presiden Kroasia (1990–1999)[13]
- Perdana Menteri - Zlatko Mateša, Presiden Pemerintahan Kroasia (1995–2000)
- Siprus -
- Presiden - Glafcos Clerides, Presiden Siprus (1993–2003)
- Siprus Utara (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Rauf Denktaş, Presiden Siprus Utara (1975–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Derviş Eroğlu, Perdana Menteri Siprus Utara (1996–2004)
- Republik Ceko -
- Presiden - Václav Havel, Presiden Republik Ceko (1993–2003)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Václav Klaus, Perdana Menteri Republik Ceko (1992–1997)[14]
- Josef Tošovský, Perdana Menteri Republik Ceko (1997–1998)
- Denmark
- Penguasa monarki - Margrethe II, Ratu Denmark (1972–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Perdana Menteri Denmark (1993–2001)
- Estonia -
- Presiden - Lennart Meri, Presiden Estonia (1992–2001)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Tiit Vähi, Perdana Menteri Estonia (1995–1997)
- Mart Siimann, Perdana Menteri Estonia (1997–1999)
- Finlandia
- Presiden - Martti Ahtisaari, Presiden Finlandia, (1994–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Paavo Lipponen, Perdana Menteri Finlandia, (1995–2003)
- Prancis -
- Presiden - Jacques Chirac, Presiden Prancis (1995–2007)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Alain Juppé, Perdana Menteri Prancis (1995–1997)
- Lionel Jospin, Perdana Menteri Prancis (1997–2002)
- Georgia -
- Presiden - Eduard Shevardnadze, Presiden Georgia (1992–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Niko Lekishvili, Menteri Negara Georgia (1995–1998)
- Abkhazia (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Vladislav Ardzinba, Presiden Abkhazia (1990–2005)[15]
- Perdana Menteri -
- Gennady Gagulia, Perdana Menteri Abkhazia (1995–1997)
- Sergei Bagapsh, Perdana Menteri Abkhazia (1997–1999)
- Ossetia Selatan (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Lyudvig Chibirov, Presiden Ossetia Selatan (1993–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Aleksandr Shavlokhov, Perdana Menteri Ossetia Selatan (1996–1998)
- Jerman -
- Presiden - Roman Herzog, Presiden Federal Jerman (1994–1999)
- Kanselir - Helmut Kohl, Kanselir Federal Jerman (1982–1998)[16]
- Yunani -
- Presiden- Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, Presiden Yunani (1995–2005)
- Perdana Menteri - Costas Simitis, Perdana Menteri Yunani (1996–2004)
- Hungaria -
- Presiden - Árpád Göncz, Presiden Hungaria (1990–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Gyula Horn, Perdana Menteri Hungaria (1994–1998)
- Tanah Es -
- Presiden - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, Presiden Tanah Es (1996–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Davíð Oddsson, Perdana Menteri Tanah Es (1991–2004)
- Irlandia -
- Presiden -
- Mary Robinson, Presiden Irlandia (1990–1997)
- Presidenial Commission, Presiden Irlandia sementara (1997)
- Mary McAleese, Presiden Irlandia (1997–2011)
- Perdana Menteri -
- John Bruton, Taoiseach dari Irlandia (1994–1997)
- Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach dari Irlandia (1997–2008)
- Presiden -
- Italia -
- Presiden - Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, Presiden Italia (1992–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Romano Prodi, Presiden Dewan Menteri Italia (1996–1998)
- Latvia -
- Presiden - Guntis Ulmanis, Presiden Latvia (1993–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Andris Šķēle, Perdana Menteri Latvia (1995–1997)
- Guntars Krasts, Perdana Menteri Latvia (1997–1998)
- Liechtenstein -
- Penguasa monarki - Hans-Adam II, Pangeran Liechtenstein (1989–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Mario Frick, Kepala Pemerintahan Liechtenstein (1993–2001)
- Lithuania -
- Presiden - Algirdas Brazauskas, Presiden Lithuania (1992–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Gediminas Vagnorius, Perdana Menteri Lithuania (1996–1999)
- Luksemburg -
- Penguasa monarki - Jean, Adipati Agung Luksemburg (1964–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Jean-Claude Juncker, Perdana Menteri Luksemburg (1995–present)
- Makedonia -
- Presiden - Kiro Gligorov, Presiden Makedonia (1995–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Branko Crvenkovski, Perdana Menteri Makedonia (1992–1998)
- Malta -
- Presiden - Ugo Mifsud Bonnici, Presiden Malta (1994–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Alfred Sant, Perdana Menteri Malta (1996–1998)
- Moldova -
- Presiden -
- Mircea Snegur, Presiden Moldova (1989–1997)[17]
- Petru Lucinschi, Presiden Moldova (1997–2001)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Andrei Sangheli, Perdana Menteri Moldova (1992–1997)
- Ion Ciubuc, Perdana Menteri Moldova (1997–1999)
- Transnistria (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Igor Smirnov, Presiden Transnistria (1990–2011)[18]
- Presiden -
- Monako -
- Penguasa monarki - Rainier III, Pangeran Monako (1949–2005)
- Kepala Pemerintahan -
- Paul Dijoud, Menteri Negara Monako (1994–1997)
- Michel Lévêque, Menteri Negara Monako (1997–2000)
- Kerajaan Belanda
- Penguasa monarki - Beatrix, Ratu Belanda (1980–sekarang)
- Belanda (negara konstituen)
- Perdana Menteri - Wim Kok, Perdana Menteri Belanda (1994–2002)
- Belanda Antilles (negara konstituen)
- see under North America
- Aruba (negara konstituen)
- see under North America
- Norwegia -
- Penguasa monarki - Harald V, Raja Norwegia (1991–present)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Thorbjørn Jagland, Perdana Menteri Norwegia (1996–1997)
- Kjell Magne Bondevik, Perdana Menteri Norwegia (1997–2000)
- Polandia -
- Presiden - Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Presiden Polandia (1995–2005)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, Ketua Dewan Menteri Polandia (1996–1997)
- Jerzy Buzek, Ketua Dewan Menteri Polandia (1997–2001)
- Portugal -
- Presiden - Jorge Sampaio, Presiden Portugal (1996–2006)
- Perdana Menteri - António Guterres, Perdana Menteri Portugal (1995–2002)
- Romania -
- Presiden - Emil Constantinescu, Presiden Romania (1996–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Victor Ciorbea, Perdana Menteri Romania (1996–1998)
- Rusia -
- Presiden - Boris Yeltsin, Presiden Rusia (1990–1999)[19]
- Perdana Menteri - Viktor Chernomyrdin, Ketua Pemerintahan Rusia (1992–1998)
- Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden -
- Zelimkhan Yandarbiyev, Presiden Ichkeria (1996–1997)
- Aslan Maskhadov, Presiden Ichkeria (1997–2005)[20]
- Perdana Menteri - Aslan Maskhadov, Perdana Menteri Ichkeria (1996–1997)
- Presiden -
- San Marino -
- Wali-Kapten -
- Maurizio Rattini dan Giancarlo Venturini, Captains Wali San Marino (October 1996 - April 1997)
- Paride Andreoli dan Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Wali San Marino (April - October 1997)
- Luigi Mazza dan Marino Zanotti, Captains Wali San Marino (October 1997 - April 1998)
- Wali-Kapten -
- Slowakia -
- Presiden - Michal Kováč, Presiden Slowakia (1993–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Vladimír Mečiar, Perdana Menteri Slowakia (1994–1998)
- Slovenia -
- Presiden - Milan Kučan, Presiden Slovenia (1990–2002)[21]
- Perdana Menteri - Janez Drnovšek, Perdana Menteri Slovenia (1992–2000)
- Spanyol -
- Penguasa monarki - Juan Carlos I, Raja Spanyol (1975–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - José María Aznar, Presiden Pemerintahan Spanyol (1996–2004)
- Swedia -
- Penguasa monarki - Carl XVI Gustaf, Raja Swedia (1973–present)
- Perdana Menteri - Göran Persson, Perdana Menteri Swedia (1996–2006)
- Swiss -
- Federal Council:[22]
- Jean-Pascal Delamuraz (1983–1998), Arnold Koller (1986–1999, Presiden), Flavio Cotti (1986–1999), Adolf Ogi (1987–2000), Kaspar Villiger (1989–2003), Ruth Dreifuss (1993–2002), Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010)
- Federal Council:[22]
- Ukraina -
- Presiden - Leonid Kuchma, Presiden Ukraina (1994–2005)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Pavlo Lazarenko, Perdana Menteri Ukraina (1996–1997)
- Vasyl Durdynets, Perdana Menteri Ukraina sementara (1997)
- Valeriy Pustovoitenko, Perdana Menteri Ukraina (1997–1999)
- Britania Raya -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Britania Raya (1952–present)
- Perdana Menteri -
- John Major, Perdana Menteri Britania Raya (1990–1997)
- Tony Blair, Perdana Menteri Britania Raya (1997–2007)
- Guernsey (Dependensi mahkota Britania]])
- Gubernur-Letnan - Sir John Coward, Gubernur-Letnan Guernsey (1994–2000)
- Bailiff - Sir Graham Dorey, Bailiff of Guernsey (1992–1999)
- Jersey (Dependensi mahkota Britania]])
- Gubernur-Letnan - Sir Michael Wilkes, Gubernur-Letnan Jersey (1995–2001)
- Bailiff - Sir Philip Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey (1995–2009)
- Pulau Man (Dependensi mahkota Britania]])
- Gubernur-Letnan - Sir Timothy Daunt, Gubernur-Letnan Man (1995–2000)
- Chief minister - Donald Gelling, Menteri Utama Pulau Man (1996–2001)
- Gibraltar (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur -
- Sir Hugo White, Gubernur Gibraltar (1995–1997)
- Sir Richard Luce, Gubernur Gibraltar (1997–2000)
- Menteri Utama - Peter Caruana, Menteri Utama Gibraltar (1996–2011)
- Gubernur -
- Kota Vatikan
- Penguasa monarki - Paus John Paul II, Pemimpin Kota Vatikan (1978–2005)
- Presiden Kegubernuran -
- Rosalio Lara, Presiden Kegubernuran Kota Vatikan (1990–1997)
- Edmund Szoka, Presiden Kegubernuran Kota Vatikan (1997–2006)
- Takhta Suci
- Sekretaris Negara - Angelo Sodano, Kardinal Sekretaris Negara (1990–2006)
- Yugoslavia -
- Presiden -
- Zoran Lilić, Presiden Yugoslavia (1993–1997)
- Srđa Božović, Presiden Yugoslavia sementara (1997)
- Slobodan Milošević, Presiden Yugoslavia (1997–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Radoje Kontić, Perdana Menteri Yugoslavia (1993–1998)
- Republic of Kosova (negara pecahan yang tidak diakui)
- Presiden - Ibrahim Rugova, Presiden Republic of Kosova (1992–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Bujar Bukoshi, Perdana Menteri Republic of Kosova (1991–2000)
- Presiden -
Amerika Utara
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Anguilla (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - Robert Harris, Gubernur Anguilla (1996–2000)
- Menteri Utama - Hubert Hughes, Menteri Utama Anguilla (1994–2000)
- Antigua dan Barbuda -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Antigua dan Barbuda (1981–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir James Carlisle, Gubernur-Jenderal Antigua dan Barbuda (1993–2007)
- Perdana Menteri - Lester Bird, Perdana Menteri Antigua dan Barbuda (1994–2004)
- Aruba (negara konstituen)
- Gubernur - Olindo Koolman, Gubernur Aruba (1992–2004)
- Perdana Menteri - Henny Eman, Perdana Menteri Aruba (1994–2001)
- Bahama -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Bahama (1973–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Orville Turnquest, Gubernur-Jenderal Bahama (1995–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Hubert Ingraham, Perdana Menteri Bahama (1992–2002)
- Barbados -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Barbados (1966–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Clifford Husbands, Gubernur-Jenderal Barbados (1996–2011)
- Perdana Menteri - Owen Arthur, Perdana Menteri Barbados (1994–2008)
- Belize -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Belize (1981–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Colville Young, Gubernur-Jenderal Belize (1993–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri - Manuel Esquivel, Perdana Menteri Belize (1993–1998)
- Bermuda (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur -
- David Waddington, Baron Waddington, Gubernur Bermuda (1992–1997)
- Thorold Masefield, Gubernur Bermuda (1997–2002)
- Perdana Menteri -
- David Saul, Perdana Menteri Bermuda (1995–1997)
- Pamela Gordon, Perdana Menteri Bermuda (1997–1998)
- Gubernur -
- Kepulauan Virgin Britania (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - David Mackilligin, Gubernur Kepulauan Virgin Britania (1995–1998)
- Menteri Utama - Ralph T. O'Neal, Menteri Utama Kepulauan Virgin Britania (1995–2003)
- Kanada -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Kanada (1952–present)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Roméo LeBlanc, Gubernur-Jenderal Kanada (1995–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Jean Chrétien, Perdana Menteri Kanada (1993–2003)
- Kepulauan Cayman (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - John Wynne Owen, Gubernur Kepulauan Cayman (1995–1999)
- Kepala Pemerintahan - Truman Bodden, Pemimpin Bisnis Pemerintahan of Kepulauan Cayman (1994–2000)
- Kosta Rika -
- Presiden - José María Figueres, Presiden Kosta Rika (1994–1998)
- Kuba
- Pemimpin Partai Komunis - Fidel Castro, First secretary of Partai Komunis Kuba (1965–2011)
- Presiden - Fidel Castro, Presiden Dewan Negara Kuba (1976–2008)
- Perdana Menteri - Fidel Castro, Presiden Dewan Menteri Kuba (1959–2008)
- Dominika -
- Presiden - Crispin Sorhaindo, Presiden Dominika (1993–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Edison James, Perdana Menteri Dominika (1995–2000)
- Republik Dominika -
- Presiden - Leonel Fernández, Presiden Republik Dominika (1996–2000)
- El Salvador -
- Presiden - Armando Calderón Sol, Presiden El Salvador (1994–1999)
- Grenada -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Grenada (1974–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Daniel Williams, Gubernur-Jenderal Grenada (1996–2008)
- Perdana Menteri - Keith Mitchell, Perdana Menteri Grenada (1995–2008)
- Guatemala -
- Presiden - Álvaro Arzú, Presiden Guatemala (1996–2000)
- Haiti -
- Presiden - René Préval, Presiden Haiti (1996–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - Rosny Smarth, Perdana Menteri Haiti (1996–1997)
- Honduras -
- Presiden - Carlos Roberto Reina, Presiden Honduras (1994–1998)
- Jamaika -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Jamaika (1962–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Howard Cooke, Gubernur-Jenderal Jamaika (1991–2006)
- Perdana Menteri - P. J. Patterson, Perdana Menteri Jamaika (1992–2006)
- Meksiko -
- Presiden - Ernesto Zedillo, Presiden Meksiko (1994–2000)
- Montserrat (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur -
- Frank Savage, Gubernur Montserrat (1993–1997)
- Tony Abbott, Gubernur Montserrat (1997–2001)
- Menteri Utama -
- Bertrand Osborne, Menteri Utama Montserrat (1996–1997)
- David Brandt, Menteri Utama Montserrat (1997–2001)
- Gubernur -
- Belanda Antilles (negara konstituen)
- Gubernur - Jaime Saleh, Gubernur Belanda Antilles (1990–2002)
- Perdana Menteri - Miguel Arcangel Pourier, Perdana Menteri Belanda Antilles (1994–1998)
- Nikaragua -
- Presiden -
- Violeta Chamorro, Presiden Nikaragua (1990–1997)
- Arnoldo Alemán, Presiden Nikaragua (1997–2002)
- Presiden -
- Panama -
- Presiden - Ernesto Pérez Balladares, Presiden Panama (1994–1999)
- Saint Kitts dan Nevis -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Saint Kitts dan Nevis (1983–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Kitts dan Nevis (1996–2013)
- Perdana Menteri - Denzil Douglas, Perdana Menteri Saint Kitts dan Nevis (1995–sekarang)
- Saint Lucia -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Saint Lucia (1979–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal -
- Sir George Mallet, Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia (1996–1997)
- Pearlette Louisy, Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Lucia (1997–sekarang)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Vaughan Lewis, Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia (1996–1997)
- Kenny Anthony, Perdana Menteri Saint Lucia (1997–2006)
- Saint Pierre dan Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of Prancis)
- Prefek -
- Jean-François Carenco, Prefek Saint Pierre dan Miquelon (1996–1997)
- Rémi Thuau, Prefek Saint Pierre dan Miquelon (1997–1999)
- Presiden Dewan Jenderal - Bernard Le Soavec, Presiden Dewan Jenderal Saint Pierre dan Miquelon (1996–2000)
- Prefek -
- Saint Vincent dan Grenadines -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Saint Vincent dan Grenadines (1979–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Charles Antrobus, Gubernur-Jenderal Saint Vincent dan Grenadines (1996–2002)
- Perdana Menteri - Sir James Fitz-Allen Mitchell, Perdana Menteri Saint Vincent dan Grenadines (1984–2000)
- Trinidad dan Tobago -
- Presiden -
- Noor Hassanali, Presiden Trinidad dan Tobago (1987–1997)
- A. N. R. Robinson, Presiden Trinidad dan Tobago (1997–2003)
- Perdana Menteri - Basdeo Panday, Perdana Menteri Trinidad dan Tobago (1995–2001)
- Presiden -
- Kepulauan Turks dan Caicos (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - John Kelly, Gubernur Kepulauan Turks dan Caicos (1996–2000)
- Menteri Utama - Derek Hugh Taylor, Menteri Utama Kepulauan Turks dan Caicos (1995–2003)
- Amerika Serikat -
- Presiden - Bill Clinton, Presiden Amerika Serikat (1993–2001)
- Puerto Riko (Persemakmuran Amerika Serikat)
- Gubernur - Pedro Rosselló, Gubernur Puerto Riko (1993–2001)
- Kepulauan Virgin Amerika Serikat (Daerah insuler Amerika Serikat)
- Gubernur - Roy L. Schneider, Gubernur US Virgin Islands (1995–1999)
Oseania
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Samoa Amerika (wilayah Amerika Serikat)
- Gubernur -
- A. P. Lutali, Gubernur Samoa Amerika (1993–1997)
- Tauese Sunia, Gubernur Samoa Amerika (1997–2003)
- Gubernur -
- Australia -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Australia (1952–present)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir William Deane, Gubernur-Jenderal Australia (1996–2001)
- Perdana Menteri - John Howard, Perdana Menteri Australia (1996–2007)
- Pulau Natal (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Merrilyn Ann Chilvers, Acting Administrator Pulau Natal (1996-1997)
- Graham Nicholls, Acting Administrator Pulau Natal (1997)
- Ron Harvey, Administrator Pulau Natal (1997-1998)
- Shire Presiden - Jeffery Tan, Acting Presiden Shire Pulau Natal (1995–1997)
- Administrator -
- Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) (external territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Jarl Andersson, Acting Administrator Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) (1996-1997)
- Maureen Ellis, Acting Administrator Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) (1997)
- Ron Harvey, Administrator Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) (1997-1998)
- Shire Presiden - Radal bin Feyrel, Presiden Shire Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) (1995-1999)
- Administrator -
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Alan Gardner Kerr, Administrator Norfolk Island (1992–1997)
- Ralph Alexander Condon, Administrator Norfolk Island sementara (1997)
- Tony Messner, Administrator Norfolk Island (1997–2003)
- Menteri Utama -
- Michael William Raja, Kepala Pemerintahan Norfolk Island (1994–1997)
- George Charles Smith, Menteri Utama Norfolk Island (1997–2000)
- Administrator -
- Fiji -
- Presiden - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Presiden Fiji (1993–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Sitiveni Rabuka, Perdana Menteri Fiji (1992–1999)
- Polinesia Prancis (French overseas territory)
- Komisaris Tinggi -
- Presiden Pemerintahan - Gaston Flosse, Presiden Pemerintahan Polinesia Prancis (1991–2004)
- Guam (Daerah insuler Amerika Serikat)
- Gubernur - Carl T.C. Gutierrez, Gubernur Guam (1995–2003)
- Kiribati -
- Presiden - Teburoro Tito, Presiden Kiribati (1994–2003)
- Kepulauan Marshall -
- Presiden -
- Kunio Lemari, Presiden Kepulauan Marshall sementara (1996–1997)
- Imata Kabua, Presiden Kepulauan Marshall (1997–2000)
- Presiden -
- Mikronesia -
- Presiden -
- Bailey Olter, Presiden Mikronesia (1991–1997)
- Jacob Nena, Presiden Mikronesia (1997–1999)
- Presiden -
- Nauru -
- Presiden -
- Ruben Kun, Presiden Nauru (1996–1997)
- Kinza Clodumar, Presiden Nauru (1997–1998)
- Presiden -
- Kaledonia Baru (French overseas territory)
- Komisaris Tinggi - Dominique Bur, Komisaris Tinggi Kaledonia Baru (1995–1999)
- Selandia Baru -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Selandia Baru (1952–present)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Michael Hardie Boys, Gubernur-Jenderal Selandia Baru (1996–2001)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Jim Bolger, Perdana Menteri Selandia Baru, (1990–1997)
- Jenny Shipley, Perdana Menteri Selandia Baru, (1997–1999)
- Kepulauan Cook (negara asosiasi Selandia Baru)
- Perwakilan Ratu - Sir Apenera Short, Perwakilan Ratu Kepulauan Cook (1990–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Geoffrey Henry, Perdana Menteri Kepulauan Cook (1989–1999)
- Niue (negara asosiasi Selandia Baru)
- Perdana Menteri - Frank Lui, Perdana Menteri Niue (1993–1999)
- Tokelau (wilayah dependensi Selandia Baru)
- Administrator - Lindsay Watt, Administrator Tokelau (1993–2003)
- Kepala Pemerintahan -
- Pio Tuia, Kepala Pemerintahan Tokelau (1996–1997)
- Falima Teao, Kepala Pemerintahan Tokelau (1997–1998)
- Kepulauan Mariana Utara (Persemakmuran Amerika Serikat)
- Gubernur - Froilan Tenorio, Gubernur Kepulauan Mariana Utara (1994–1998)
- Palau -
- Presiden - Kuniwo Nakamura, Presiden Palau (1993–2001)[23]
- Papua Nugini
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Papua Nugini (1975–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal -
- Sir Wiwa Korowi, Gubernur-Jenderal Papua Nugini (1991–1997)
- Silas Atopare, Gubernur-Jenderal Papua Nugini (1997–2003)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Sir Julius Chan, Perdana Menteri Papua Nugini (1994–1997)
- John Giheno, Perdana Menteri Papua Nugini sementara (1997)
- Sir Julius Chan, Perdana Menteri Papua Nugini (1997)
- Bill Skate, Perdana Menteri Papua Nugini (1997–1999)
- Kepulauan Pitcairn (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - Robert Alston, Gubernur Kepulauan Pitcairn (1994–1998)
- Wali kota - Jay Warren, Magistrate of Kepulauan Pitcairn (1991–1999)
- Samoa
- Western Samoa changed name to Samoa on 4 July 1997
- Kepala Negara - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo dari Samoa (1962–2007)
- Perdana Menteri - Tofilau Eti Alesana, Perdana Menteri Samoa (1988–1998)
- Kepulauan Salomo -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Kepulauan Salomo (1978–sekarang)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Moses Pitakaka, Gubernur-Jenderal Kepulauan Salomo (1994–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Solomon Mamaloni, Perdana Menteri Kepulauan Salomo (1994–1997)
- Bartholomew Ulufa'alu, Perdana Menteri Kepulauan Salomo (1997–2000)
- Tonga -
- Penguasa monarki - Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, Raja Tonga (1965–2006)[24]
- Perdana Menteri - Baron Vaea, Perdana Menteri Tonga, (1991–2000)
- Tuvalu -
- Penguasa monarki - Elizabeth II, Ratu Tuvalu (1978–present)
- Gubernur-Jenderal - Sir Tulaga Manuella, Gubernur-Jenderal Tuvalu (1994–1998)
- Perdana Menteri - Bikenibeu Paeniu, Perdana Menteri Tuvalu (1996–1999)
- Vanuatu -
- Presiden - Jean Marie Leye Lenelgau, Presiden Vanuatu (1994–1999)
- Perdana Menteri - Serge Vohor, Prime minister of Vanuatu (1996–1998)
- Wallis dan Futuna (French overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior - Claude Pierret, Administrator Superior Wallis dan Futuna (1996–1998)
- Presiden Dewan Wilayah -
- Keleto Lakalaka, Presiden Dewan Wilayah Wallis dan Futuna (1996–1997)
- Victor Brial, Presiden Dewan Wilayah Wallis dan Futuna (1997–1999)
- Western Samoa
- see under Samoa
Amerika Selatan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Argentina -
- Presiden - Carlos Menem, Presiden Argentina (1989–1999)
- Bolivia -
- Presiden -
- Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, Presiden Bolivia (1993–1997)
- Hugo Banzer, Presiden Bolivia (1997–2001)
- Presiden -
- Brasil -
- Presiden - Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Presiden Brasil (1995–2003)
- Chili -
- Presiden - Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, Presiden Chili (1994–2000)
- Kolombia -
- Presiden - Ernesto Samper, Presiden Kolombia (1994–1998)
- Ekuador -
- Presiden -
- Abdalá Bucaram, Presiden Ekuador (1996–1997)
- Fabián Alarcón, Interim Presiden Ekuador (1997)
- Rosalía Arteaga, Presiden Ekuador sementara (1997)
- Fabián Alarcón, Interim Presiden Ekuador (1997–1998)
- Presiden -
- Kepulauan Falkland (British dependent territory)
- Gubernur - Richard Ralph, Gubernur Kepulauan Falkland (1996–1999)
- Eksekutif Utama - Andrew Gurr, Eksekutif Utama Kepulauan Falkland (1994–1999)
- Guyana -
- Presiden -
- Cheddi Jagan, Presiden Guyana (1992–1997)
- Sam Hinds, Presiden Guyana (1997)
- Janet Jagan, Presiden Guyana (1997–1999)
- Perdana Menteri -
- Sam Hinds, Perdana Menteri Guyana (1992–1997)
- Janet Jagan, Perdana Menteri Guyana (1997)
- Sam Hinds, Perdana Menteri Guyana (1997–1999)
- Presiden -
- Paraguay -
- Presiden - Juan Carlos Wasmosy, Presiden Paraguay (1993–1998)
- Peru -
- Presiden - Alberto Fujimori, Presiden Peru (1990–2000)
- Perdana Menteri - Alberto Pandolfi, Presiden Dewan Menteri Peru (1996–1998)
- Suriname -
- Presiden - Jules Wijdenbosch, Presiden Suriname (1996–2000)
- Uruguay -
- Presiden - Julio María Sanguinetti, Presiden Uruguay (1995–2000)
- Venezuela -
- Presiden - Rafael Caldera, Presiden Venezuela (1994–1999)
Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971, until then the monarch was titled Hakim of Bahrain.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
- ^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ The position of Chairman was only declared to be the "highest office of state" by the constitution that came into effect on September 5, 1998.
- ^ a b In exile between 1990 dan 1991.
- ^ Kirgizstan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Ali Abdullah Saleh was Presiden North Yaman until 1990.
- ^ Armenia only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Kroasia only became independent in 1991.
- ^ The Republik Ceko only became independent in 1993.
- ^ Abkhazia only declared independence on 23 July 1992.
- ^ Helmut Kohl was Kanselir West Jerman until 1990.
- ^ Moldova only became independent in 1991.
- ^ Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
- ^ Rusia only became independent in 1991.
- ^ The capital was retaken by Rusia in 2000 dan Maskhadov was in hiding afterwards.
- ^ Slovenia only became independent in 1991.
- ^ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state dan the government of Swiss. Within the Council, the Presiden Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
- ^ Palau only became independent in 1994.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.