Agama di Malaysia
Tampilan
Agama di Malaysia sangat beragam. Penduduk Malaysia mayoritas menganut agama Islam. Konstitusi Malaysia menjadikan agama Islam sebagai agama resmi di negara tersebut. Menurut sensus tahun 2020, 63.5% dari 32.447.385 jiwa penduduknya mengidentifikasikan dirinya sebagai penganut agama Islam, 18.7% sebagai penganut agama Budha, kemudian 9.1% pemeluk agama Kekristenan, Hindu sebanyak 6.1%, kemudian Agama Konghucu, Taoisme dan agama tradisi China sebesar 1.26%, Tidak Beragama 0.71% dan selebihnya 1.36%.
Demografi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Tempat ibadah di Sarawak
- Masjid Lama Negeri Sarawak
- Kelenteng Hong San Si
Afiliasi Agama Menurut Etnis
[sunting | sunting sumber]Afiliasi Agama Menurut Negara Bagian
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Negara Bagian | Jumlah Penduduk |
Islam | Budha | Kristen | Hindu | Konghucu/ Taoisme |
Agama Lainnya | Tidak Beragama | Tidak Diketahui |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johor | 3.348.283 | 58.22% | 29.55% | 3.32% | 6.60% | 0.74% | 0.20% | 0.34% | 1.03% |
| Kedah | 1.947.651 | 77.23% | 14.15% | 0.77% | 6.72% | 0.33% | 0.11% | 0.05% | 0.64% |
| Kelantan | 1.539.601 | 95.18% | 3.75% | 0.28% | 0.24% | 0.02% | 0.16% | 0.32% | 0.05% |
| Melaka | 821.110 | 66.06% | 24.19% | 3.03% | 5.69% | 0.20% | 0.19% | 0.21% | 0.43% |
| Negeri Sembilan | 1.021.064 | 60.25% | 21.19% | 2.40% | 13.40% | 0.46% | 0.30% | 0.84% | 1.16% |
| Pahang | 1.500.817 | 74.95% | 14.38% | 1.86% | 4.02% | 0.45% | 0.91% | 2.66% | 0.77% |
| Perak | 2.352.743 | 55.34% | 25.41% | 4.27% | 10.85% | 1.74% | 0.76% | 0.91% | 0.72% |
| Perlis | 231.541 | 87.88% | 9.92% | 0.60% | 0.84% | 0.22% | 0.11% | 0.18% | 0.25% |
| Pulau Pinang | 1.561.383 | 44.63% | 35.63% | 5.13% | 8.70% | 4.55% | 0.31% | 0.36% | 0.69% |
| Sabah | 3.206.742 | 65.37% | 6.06% | 26.62% | 0.09% | 0.07% | 0.11% | 0.31% | 1.37% |
| Sarawak | 2.471.140 | 32.22% | 13.47% | 42.61% | 0.16% | 6.01% | 1.00% | 2.63% | 1.90% |
| Selangor | 5.462.141 | 57.89% | 24.37% | 3.84% | 11.57% | 0.54% | 0.38% | 0.43% | 0.98% |
| Terengganu | 1.035.977 | 96.93% | 2.48% | 0.22% | 0.24% | 0.04% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.04% |
| Kuala Lumpur | 1.674.621 | 46.39% | 35.69% | 5.81% | 8.49% | 1.11% | 0.57% | 0.54% | 1.40% |
| Labuan | 86.908 | 76.02% | 8.97% | 12.41% | 0.41% | 0.03% | 0.09% | 0.13% | 1.93% |
| Putrajaya | 72.413 | 97.39% | 0.38% | 0.86% | 0.98% | 0.01% | 0.09% | 0.03% | 0.24% |
| Malaysia | 28.334.135 | 61.32% | 19.84% | 9.24% | 6.27% | 1.26% | 0.39% | 0.71% | 0.97% |
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ↑ "Jadual 4.1: Jumlah Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Etnik, Agama, Jantina dan Negeri, Malaysia, 2010" (PDF). Statistic Malaysia. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2019-05-06. Diakses tanggal 4 Februari 2018.
- ↑ "Jadual 4.1: Jumlah Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Etnik, Agama, Jantina dan Negeri, Malaysia, 2010" (PDF). Statistic Malaysia. Diarsipkan dari asli (PDF) tanggal 2019-05-06. Diakses tanggal 4 Februari 2018.
Kepustakaan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Daftar kepustakaan tercetak pilihan berikut ini mencakup karya-karya yang dikutip dan bacaan tambahan.
- Abdullah, Kamarulnizam (2020). "Political Islam and Democracy in Malaysia". Dalam Verma, Vidhu; Rathore, Aakash Singh (ed.). Secularism, Religion, and Democracy in Southeast Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 88–110. ISBN 978-0-19-909877-4.
- Ali, Muhamad (2016). Islam and Colonialism: Becoming Modern in Indonesia and Malaya (dalam bahasa Inggris). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-0920-9.
- Ashaari, Muhamad Faisal; Sabri, Siti Hanisah (December 2018). "Perbincangan Berkaitan Agama dan Ketuhanan dalam Facebook "Warung Atheist" dari Perspektif Logik dan Emosi". Journal of Islamic Social Sciences and Humanities. 15 (1). doi:10.33102/abqari.vol15no1.28.
- Baharuddin, Azizan; Zaid, Ahmad; dkk. (2014). Kajian Isi dan Cabaran Hubungan antara Penganut Agama di Malaysia. Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia; Universiti Putra Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link) Pemeliharaan CS1: Lokasi tanpa penerbit (link)
- Berinai, Judy (2013). Liturgical Inculturation in Anglican Worship in Light of the Spirituality of the Indegenous people of Sabah (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford: Oxford Centre for Mission Studies.
- Cheu, Hock Tong (1996). Malay Keramat, Chinese Worshippers: The Sinicization of Malay Keramats in Malaysia (PDF) (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Dept. of Malay Studies, National University of Singapore. ISBN 981-00-8755-1.
- Cheu, Hock Tong (1999). Chinese Beliefs and Practices in Southeast Asia: Studies on the Chinese Religion in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Pelanduk Publications. ISBN 978-9679784527.
- Chia, Jack Meng-tat (2020). Monks in Motion: Buddhism and Modernity Across the South China Sea (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197613672.
- Chin, Mun Yee; Lee, Yok Fee (2014). "Settling Down Spiritually: Chinese Malaysian's Worship of Datuk Gong" (PDF). Pertanika (dalam bahasa Inggris). 22 (1). Universiti Putra Malaysia: 379–392.
- Clammer, John R., ed. (1983). Studies in Chinese Folk Religion in Singapore and Malaysia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Dept. of Sociology, National University of Singapore.
- Esposito, John L., ed. (1995). "Malaysia". The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World: 4-volume Set (dalam bahasa Inggris). Vol. 3. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509614-2.
- Freedman, Amy L. (2020). "Religious Minorities in Southeast Asia: The Ahmadiyah and Why Tolerance Matters". Dalam Verma, Vidhu; Rathore, Aakash Singh (ed.). Secularism, Religion, and Democracy in Southeast Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 135–160. ISBN 978-0-19-909877-4.
- Gidah, Mary Ellen (2001). Archetypes in the Cosmogonic Myths of the Australian Aboriginal People and the Kadazandusuns of Sabah (dalam bahasa Inggris). Kota Kinabalu: Penerbit Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
- Gill, Savinder Kaur; Gopal, Nirmala Devi (2010). "Understanding Indian Religious Practice in Malaysia" (PDF). Journal of Social Science (dalam bahasa Inggris). 25 (3): 135–146.
- Goh, Robbie B. H. (2005). "Chap. 4. Malaysia". Christianity in Southeast Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: ISEAS: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Publications. hlm. 47–56. ISBN 9812302972. Pemeliharaan CS1: Lokasi penerbit (link)
- Hamid, Ahmad Fauzi Abdul; Ibrahim, Zawawi (2017). "The Governance of Religious Diversity in Malaysia: Islam in a Secular State or Secularism in an Islamic State?". Dalam Triandafyllidou, Anna; Modood, Tariq (ed.). The Problem of Religious Diversity: European Challenges, Asian Approaches (dalam bahasa Inggris). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-1-4744-3529-1.
- Hamid, Ahmad Fauzi Abdul; Johari, Zairil Khir (2020). "Secularism and Ethno-religious Nationalist Hegemony in Malaysia". Dalam Verma, Vidhu; Rathore, Aakash Singh (ed.). Secularism, Religion, and Democracy in Southeast Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 213–249. ISBN 978-0-19-909877-4.
- Hassan, M. Kamal; Basri, Ghazali bin, ed. (2005). The Encyclopedia of Malaysia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Vol. 10: Religions and Beliefs. Singapore: Editions Didier Millet. ISBN 981-3018-51-8.
- Helmiati (2007). Islam dalam Masyarakat dan Politik Malaysia (PDF). Pekanbaru: Suska Press. ISBN 978-979-1288-11-8.
- Hooker, Virginia Matheson; Othman, Norani, ed. (2003). Malaysia: Islam, Society and Politics. ISEAS Series on Islam (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS). ISBN 981-230-161-5.
- Kahlon, Swarn Singh (2016). "Chapter 3. Sikhs in Malaysia: Largest Sikh Population in Asia". Sikhs in Asia Pacific: Travels among the Sikh Diaspora from Yangon to Kobe (PDF) (dalam bahasa Inggris). New Delhi: Manohar Publisher. ISBN 978-9350981207.
- Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (2000). Islamic Law in Malaysia: Issues and Developments (dalam bahasa Inggris). Kuala Lumpur: Ilmiah Publishers. ISBN 983-2092-27-2.
- Kuhnt-Saptodewo, Sri; Grabowsky, Volker; Großheim, Martin, ed. (1997). Nationalism and Cultural Revival in Southeast Asia: Perspectives from the Centre and Region (dalam bahasa Inggris). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 3-447-03958-2.
- Lee, Raymod L. M. (April 1988). "Patterns of Religious Tension in Malaysia". Asian Survey (dalam bahasa Inggris). 28 (4): 400–418. doi:10.1525/as.1988.28.4.01p0154q. JSTOR 2644735.
- Lee, Raymond L. M.; Ackerman, Susan Ellen (1997). Sacred Tensions: Modernity and Religious Transformation in Malaysia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 978-1-57003-167-0.
- Low, Kok On; Lee, Yok Fee (2012). "Investigating the Relationship between Kadazandusun Beliefs about Paddy Spirits, Riddling in Harvest-time and Paddy-Related Sundait" [Perkaitan antara Kepercayaan terhadap Semangat Padi, Berteka-teki pada Musim Menuai dan Sundait Kadazandusun yang Berunsurkan Padi: Satu Penelitian] (PDF). Malim: Jurnal Pengajian Umum Asia Tenggara (dalam bahasa Inggris). 13 (Julai): 71–97.
- Martinez, Patricia A. (December 2001). "The Islamic State or the State of Islam in Malaysia". Contemporary Southeast Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). 23 (3): 474–503. doi:10.1355/CS23-3E (tidak aktif 2025-07-01). Pemeliharaan CS1: DOI nonaktif per Juli 2025 (link)
- McDougall, Colin (1956). Buddhism in Malaya (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Donald Moore.
- Melton, J. Gordon; Baumann, Martin, ed. (2010). "Malaysia". Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices (dalam bahasa Inggris). Vol. 5 (Edisi 2nd). Santa Barbara, Ca; Denver; Oxford: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-203-6.
- Metcalf, Peter (1987). "Bornean Religion". Dalam Eliade, Mircea (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Religion (dalam bahasa Inggris). Vol. 2. New York: MacMillan. hlm. 290–292. ISBN 0029094801. ;
- Moustafa, Tamir (2018). Constituting Religion: Islam, Liberal Rights, and the Malaysian State (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-110-853-929-6.
- Osman, Mohd Taib (1989). Malay Folk Beliefs: An Integration of Disparate Elements (dalam bahasa Inggris). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
- Peletz, Michael G. (2002). Islamic Modern: Religious Courts and Cultural Politics in Malaysia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09508-6.
- Piyasilo (1988). Buddhist Culture: An Observation of the Buddhist Situation in Malaysia and Singapore and a Suggestion (dalam bahasa Inggris). Petaling Jaya, Selangor: The Friends of Buddhism Malaysia.
- Putten, Jan van der; Cody, Mary Kilcline, ed. (2009). Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-454-8.
- Ramanathan, K. (1996). "Hinduism in a Muslim State: The Case of Malaysia". Asian Journal of Political Science (dalam bahasa Inggris). 4 (2): 42–62. doi:10.1080/02185379608434083.
- Riddel, Peter G. (2001). Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World: Transmission and Responses (dalam bahasa Inggris). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN 0-8248-2473-3.
- Rutter, Owen (1929). The Pagans of North Borneo (dalam bahasa Inggris). London: Hutchinson & Co.
- Saeed, Abdullah; Saeed, Hassan (2004). "Chapters 9–12". Freedom of Religion, Apostasy and Islam (dalam bahasa Inggris). Aldershot, Eng: Ashgate Publishing. hlm. 123–166. ISBN 0-7546-3082-X.
- Saran, Syam, ed. (2018). Cultural and Civilisational Links between India and Southeast Asia: Historical and Contemporary Dimensions (dalam bahasa Inggris). Singapore: Palgrave McMillan. ISBN 978-981-10-7316-8.
- Shah, Dian A. H. (2017). Constitutions, Religion and Politics in Asia: Indonesia, Malaysia and Sri Lanka (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-18334-6.
- Sofjan, Dicky, ed. (2013). Sejarah & Budaya Syiah di Asia Tenggara (PDF). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada. ISBN 978-979-25-0118-6.
- Tan, Chee-Beng (1983). "Chinese Religion in Malaysia: A General View". Asian Folklore Studies (dalam bahasa Inggris). 42. JSTOR 1178483.
- Tan, Chee-Beng (1988). The Baba of Melaka (dalam bahasa Inggris). Selangor: Pelanduk Publications.
- Tan, Lee Ooi (2010). Dinamik Ruang Sumber dalam Gerakan Reformasi di Malaysia. Bangi, Selangor: Penerbit UKM. ISBN 9789679429039.
- Tan, Lee Ooi (2020). Buddhist Revitalization and Chinese Religions in Malaysia. Religion and society in Asia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789463726436. OCLC 1142763113.
- Tjandra, Lukas (1990). Folk religion among the Chinese in Singapore and Malaysia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Ann Arbour, Mi: University Microfilms International.
- Weiyi, Lin 林緯毅 (Ning Ngoi Ngi), ed. (2010). Bie qi wei zong: Dongnanya de ruxue yu kongjiao 別起為宗: 東南亞的儒學與孔教 [Establishing a Separate Branch of Transmission: Confucian Learning and the Confucian Religious Sect in Southeast Asia] (dalam bahasa Tionghoa). Singapore: Singapore Society of Asian Studies.
- Winzeler, Robert L., ed. (1993). The Seen and the Unseen: Shamanism, Mediumship and Possession in Borneo (dalam bahasa Inggris). Williamsburg, Va: Borneo Research Council. ISBN 978-0962956812.
- Yen, Ching-Hwang (1976). "The Confucian Revival Movement in Singapore and Malaya, 1899–1911". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (dalam bahasa Inggris). 7 (3): 33–57. doi:10.1017/S0022463400010250. JSTOR 20070162.
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Religion in Malaysia.