Daftar julukan kota di Amerika Serikat

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Reno, Nevada, dengan bangga memamerkan julukannya, "The Biggest Little City in the World", di jalan raya pusat kota.

Daftar julukan kota di Amerika Serikat ini mengandung samaran, julukan, dan slogan yang disematkan kepada beberapa kota di Amerika Serikat (resmi dan tidak resmi) oleh pemerintah kota, masyarakat setempat, orang asing, badan pariwisata, atau kamar dagang. Julukan kota berperan sebagai perintis identitas lokal, membantu orang asing mengenali masyarakat setempat, atau mengajak orang berkunjung karena julukannya khas; mengangkat martabat daerah; dan mempersatukan masyarakat.[1] Julukan dan slogan yang berubah menjadi "ideologi atau mitos" baru[2] juga diyakini memiliki potensi ekonomi.[1] Potensi ekonominya sulit diukur,[1] tetapi ada beberapa kota yang memakai slogan baru untuk memasarkan/mencitrakan diri dan memanfaatkan potensi ekonomi tersebut.[2]

Pada tahun 2005, lembaga konsultan Tagline Guru melakukan survei kecil yang melibatkan para pekerja profesional di bidang pencitraan, pemasaran, dan periklanan untuk mengetahui slogan dan julukan kota "terbaik" di Amerika Serikat. Responden diminta mengevaluasi sekitar 800 julukan dan 400 slogan dan mempertimbangkan sejumlah kriteria. Kriterianya adalah: julukan atau slogan mencerminkan "ciri khas, kesamaan, gaya, dan kepribadian" kota, "memiliki kesan cerdas, menyenangkan, dan mudah diingat," unik dan asli, dan "mengajak Anda untuk berkunjung, pindah ke sana, atau mengenal lebih lanjut."[3]

Julukan terpopuler dalam survei tersebut adalah "The Big Apple" (New York City), kemudian "Sin City" (Las Vegas), "The Big Easy" (New Orleans), "Motor City" (Detroit), dan "The Windy City" (Chicago). Selain Sin City, Las Vegas memiliki slogan populer lain, yaitu "What Happens Here, Stays Here." Slogan peringkat kedua sampai kelima adalah "So Very Virginia" (Charlottesville, Virginia), "Always Turned On" (Atlantic City, New Jersey), "Cleveland Rocks!" (Cleveland, Ohio), dan "The Sweetest Place on Earth" (Hershey, Pennsylvania).[3]

Beberapa julukan tidak resmi bersifat positif dan negatif. Julukan tidak resmi di bawah ini populer dan sudah lama digunakan.


Alabama[sunting | sunting sumber]

Alaska[sunting | sunting sumber]

Homer's welcome sign proclaims its nickname.

Arizona[sunting | sunting sumber]


Arkansas[sunting | sunting sumber]


California[sunting | sunting sumber]


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People's Park in Berkeley was a center of 1960s counterculture activity remembered in the sobriquet "The People's Republic of Berkeley."

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Castroville's nickname celebrates its status as a producer of artichokes.

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Dinuba, Fallbrook, and Selma have nicknames that celebrate the production of raisins.

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Garlic ice cream is given away at the annual Garlic Festival in Gilroy, nicknamed Garlic Capital of the World.

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Close-up view of one of the flower-bedecked floats in the annual Tournament of Roses Parade in Pasadena, which calls itself the City of Roses.

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Solvang's architecture reflects the Danish heritage celebrated by its nickname, Danish capital of America.

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Colorado[sunting | sunting sumber]


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Connecticut[sunting | sunting sumber]


Delaware[sunting | sunting sumber]


Florida[sunting | sunting sumber]


Georgia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Daftar julukan kota di Georgia (U.S. state)

Hawaii[sunting | sunting sumber]

Hilo
America’s Wettest City[369]
Orchid Capital[369]
Honolulu
The Big Pineapple[370]


Idaho[sunting | sunting sumber]


Illinois[sunting | sunting sumber]


Indiana[sunting | sunting sumber]

The nickname "Athens of the Prairie" was bestowed on Columbus, Indiana, due to the large assemblage of contemporary architecture and public sculpture in the city, including Henry Moore's "Large Arch."

Iowa[sunting | sunting sumber]


Kansas[sunting | sunting sumber]


Kentucky[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nicknames for Lexington and Louisville celebrate the Bluegrass Region's horse farms and the state's most famous horse race, the Kentucky Derby, held at Churchill Downs in Louisville.

Louisiana[sunting | sunting sumber]

Maine[sunting | sunting sumber]

Maryland[sunting | sunting sumber]

Shoot Em’ Up, Bang Bang

Massachusetts[sunting | sunting sumber]

Michigan[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nicknames for Eau Claire and Traverse City are a reminder that cherries are an important crop in Michigan.

Minnesota[sunting | sunting sumber]

Mississippi[sunting | sunting sumber]


Missouri[sunting | sunting sumber]


Montana[sunting | sunting sumber]


Nebraska[sunting | sunting sumber]


Nevada[sunting | sunting sumber]

New Hampshire[sunting | sunting sumber]


New Jersey[sunting | sunting sumber]

Nicknames of several New Jersey communities celebrate their status as Jersey Shore resorts.

Sleazeside[828]


New Mexico[sunting | sunting sumber]


New York[sunting | sunting sumber]

Chazy calls itself the world capital of the McIntosh apple.
Cooperstown, site of the Baseball Hall of Fame where this plaque honoring Ty Cobb is displayed, lays claim to the title "Birthplace of Baseball."
Lockport's nickname of "Lock City" refers to the several Erie canal locks located in the city.

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Duluth – The Air-Conditioned City

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The city of Niagara Falls, New York, gets both its name and its nickname of "Cataract City" from the famous set of waterfalls known as Niagara Falls.

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This 1907 postcard of Canfield Park and Saratoga Springs' nickname "the Spa City" both recall the era when the city's mineral springs and hotels made it a fashionable resort.

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North Carolina[sunting | sunting sumber]


North Dakota[sunting | sunting sumber]


Ohio[sunting | sunting sumber]

Alliance, which is officially nicknamed the Carnation City, helped make the scarlet carnation the state flower of Ohio.
The sculpture Flyover in downtown Dayton, the "Birthplace of Aviation," tracks the path of the Wright Brothers' first powered aircraft flight.

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Oklahoma[sunting | sunting sumber]


Oregon[sunting | sunting sumber]


Pennsylvania[sunting | sunting sumber]

A sign proclaiming Scranton as "The Electric City" overlooks Courthouse Square. The city got its moniker for being the site of the nation's first electric-powered streetcars.


Rhode Island[sunting | sunting sumber]


South Carolina[sunting | sunting sumber]


South Dakota[sunting | sunting sumber]


Tennessee[sunting | sunting sumber]

Texas[sunting | sunting sumber]


A-C[sunting | sunting sumber]

D-F[sunting | sunting sumber]

G-L[sunting | sunting sumber]

M-Q[sunting | sunting sumber]

R-T[sunting | sunting sumber]

U-Z[sunting | sunting sumber]

Utah[sunting | sunting sumber]

Vermont[sunting | sunting sumber]


Virginia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Washington[sunting | sunting sumber]

Blaine's nickname celebrates the Peace Arch on the U.S. border with Canada.

West Virginia[sunting | sunting sumber]

Wisconsin[sunting | sunting sumber]

The nicknames of several Wisconsin communities celebrate the state's cheese-making industry. Cheese curds, shown here covered with batter and deep-fried, traditionally have been available only at cheese factories.

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Wyoming[sunting | sunting sumber]

District of Columbia[sunting | sunting sumber]



Puerto Rico[sunting | sunting sumber]

Lihat pula[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs Muench, David (December 1993). "Wisconsin Community Slogans: Their Use and Local Impacts" (PDF). University of Wisconsin Extension. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal March 9, 2013. Diakses tanggal April 10, 2007. 
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  1205. ^ a b c San Angelo, Texas, in 1922 Diarsipkan 2008-10-15 di Wayback Machine., Ranch & Rural Living magazine, 15 January 2008
  1206. ^ a b A Changed Oasis Diarsipkan 2009-01-07 di Wayback Machine., Short Grass Country website. "In a deft switch of wording, San Angelo changed its slogan from The Wool Capital Of The World to The Wool Capital Of The Nation. The Chamber of Commerce office confirmed the change. While I waited, the telephone tape said over and over, 'San Angelo is the oasis of West Texas'..."
  1207. ^ Extreme Makeover: San Angelo. ASU Students Surprised by Stores, Shopping now Available Diarsipkan 2009-08-02 di Wayback Machine., ASU RamPage, Angelo State University, September 9, 2005
  1208. ^ Our Properties: Sunset Mall, San Angelo Texas Diarsipkan 2009-08-02 di Wayback Machine., Willett Companies, Inc., website, accessed December 25, 2008
  1209. ^ Popik, Barry (December 20, 2007). "Alamo City (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple. 
  1210. ^ Popik, Barry (January 20, 2008). "Countdown City or 210 (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple. 
  1211. ^ Popik, Barry (May 21, 2008). "River City (San Antonio nickname)". The Big Apple. 
  1212. ^ "San Marvelous (San Marcos nickname)". 
  1213. ^ "World's Largest Pecan". Atlas Obscura (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2022-05-18. 
  1214. ^ City of Smithville City Website, accessed Nov. 2, 2011
  1215. ^ City of Texas City website, accessed January 5, 2008
  1216. ^ City of The Colony website, accessed July 20, 2008
  1217. ^ Handbook of Texas Online - VICTORIA COUNTY, accessed June 15, 2008
  1218. ^ Hal Crowther, Gather at the River: Notes from the Post-millennial South, page 86. "Baylor, the world's largest Baptist university, sets the moral tone for the town secular Texans call 'the Buckle of the Bible Belt.'"
  1219. ^ a b Brief History, City of Weatherford website. "Named by the State Legislature as the Peach Capital of Texas, Weatherford and Parker County growers produce the biggest, sweetest, juiciest peaches in all of Texas... Known as the Cutting Horse Capital of the World, Weatherford is home to dozens of professional trainers [and] hall-of-fame horses."
  1220. ^ Popik, Barry. "Barry Popik". www.barrypopik.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2022-05-18. 
  1221. ^ Cedar City, Utah. Retrieved May 2, 2015.
  1222. ^ Cottonwood Heights. Retrieved February 21, 2008.
  1223. ^ Campbell, Jeff & Rachowiecki, Rob. (2002). Lonely Planet Southwest. ISBN 1-86450-376-9.
  1224. ^ "The Grand Canyons Regions". thegrandcanyons.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal October 8, 2011. 
  1225. ^ "Little Hollywood Land - Frontier Movie Town, Kanab, Utah". RoadsideAmerica.com. 
  1226. ^ "Orem » Things are Happening in Orem". www.orem.org. 
  1227. ^ Patton, Matt Hush, hush, Provo culture Diarsipkan 2009-01-14 di Archive.is. The Daily Utah Chronicle, March 15, 2007. Retrieved February 21, 2008.
  1228. ^ Utah Commemorative Quarter. Retrieved February 21, 2008. Diarsipkan February 6, 2008, di Wayback Machine.
  1229. ^ Tribune, Ellen Fagg Weist The Salt Lake. "The 'Small Lake City' effect behind Sundance's 'The Strongest Man'". sltrib.com. 
  1230. ^ "Smog Lake City - POWDER Magazine". powder.com. February 20, 2015. 
  1231. ^ Springville City. Retrieved February 21, 2008.
  1232. ^ Zezima, Kate "Headstones Too Go Global, and One City Pays the Price", The New York Times, October 25, 2006, accessed April 15, 2007. "Barre, Vt. — This city of 9,000 bills itself as the “granite capital of the world,” its economic foundation built early in the last century with the light gray rock from nearby quarries."
  1233. ^ City of Burlington Police Home Page, accessed April 15, 2007. "The Burlington Police Department was commissioned in 1865 to provide law enforcement services to the Queen City."
  1234. ^ a b Montpelier Wants a Nickname Diarsipkan 2012-04-06 di Wayback Machine., WCAX-TV, April 17, 2009: "Burlington is known as the Queen City; Winooski is the Onion City and Montpelier... well the capital is looking for a nickname..."
  1235. ^ Nichols, John. " Being Like Bernie", The Nation, August 15, 2005, accessed April 15, 2007. "After almost thirty-five years of close to constant campaigning, first as the gadfly candidate of the left-wing Liberty Union Party for senator and governor in the 1970s, then as the radical mayor of "The People's Republic of Burlington" in the 1980s and, since 1990, as the only independent in modern history to repeatedly win a US House seat, Sanders has forged relationships with generations of Vermont voters, many of whom echo the sentiments of Warren attorney Mark Grosby, who says, 'I used to be a diehard Republican. Now, I'm a diehard for Bernie.'"
  1236. ^ Barna, Ed. "Rutland area continues broad economic expansion", Vermont Business Magazine, June 1, 2001, accessed April 15, 2007. "The extraction industry, historically important for a place nicknamed the Marble City, made headlines due to the OMYA marble grinding company's efforts to help meet a surging worldwide demand for calcium carbonate."
  1237. ^ Flagg, Kathryn (February 1, 2012). "Leaving RutVegas". Seven Days. Diakses tanggal June 2, 2013. Defensive, a bit resistant to outsiders and staunchly self-reliant, Rutlanders bristle at the pejorative moniker and its attendant connotations. ... For decades, the blue-collar railroad town has battled a reputation as the unofficial capital of drugs and crime in Vermont. To outsiders, it’s a gritty place — the part of Vermont where your tires might get slashed. Where you should lock your doors. Where, at best, there’s not much to do. 
  1238. ^ Discovering St. Albans - Vermont's "Rail City" Diarsipkan 2010-01-04 di Wayback Machine., accessed April 15, 2007. "St. Albans is called the “Rail City” because in 1855, the Central Vermont Railway (CVR) established its headquarters here."
  1239. ^ "Town of Hartford Growth Center application" (PDF). 20 Dec 2009. hlm. 43. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-10. 
  1240. ^ Birthplace of Country Music website
  1241. ^ Goolrick, John. T. (2006). Fredericksburg: America's Most Historic City. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. ISBN 978-1-4286-5422-8. 
  1242. ^ [38] Harrisonburg At-A-Glance website, accessed June 30, 2016
  1243. ^ Town of Honaker Diarsipkan 2008-06-17 di Wayback Machine. website, accessed July 30, 2008
  1244. ^ a b [39][pranala nonaktif permanen] Lynchburg Online website
  1245. ^ "Archived copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2004-11-30. Diakses tanggal 2004-12-29.  Official nickname on website
  1246. ^ River City Magazine Diarsipkan 2011-09-06 di Wayback Machine. website
  1247. ^ History: River City Observed Diarsipkan 2009-01-13 di Wayback Machine., Discover Richmond website
  1248. ^ "Civil War Richmond – The South's Capital". Virginia.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-11. Diakses tanggal 2013-08-21. 
  1249. ^ The Roanoke Star Diarsipkan 2011-10-28 di Wayback Machine., City of Roanoke website, accessed January 5, 2008. The nickname refers to a large lighted star on a mountainside overlooking the city, installed in 1949 and originally intended as a Christmas decoration. "It was over 50 years ago Roanoke earned the nickname, 'Star City of the South,' and the star has been a part of the landscape of Mill Mountain ever since."
  1250. ^ Case 54: Roanoke, Virginia Diarsipkan 2007-07-28 di Wayback Machine., Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies website, accessed January 5, 2008. "The City of Roanoke, once known as the 'Magic City' due to the speed of the city’s growth, was chartered in 1884."
  1251. ^ "Capitol of Colonial Williamsburg". www.history.org. 
  1252. ^ "William & Mary Law School - Our Town - the 'Burg!". law.wm.edu. 
  1253. ^ Elizabeth Gibson, Outlaw Tales of Washington[pranala nonaktif permanen], Globe Pequot, 2001. ISBN 0-7627-1150-7, ISBN 978-0-7627-1150-5. This label was attached to Aberdeen after a string of murders in the early 20th century.
  1254. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Karen Gaudette, What's in a motto? It's a city's "brand", The Seattle Times, March 21, 2006
  1255. ^ "www.Bellingham-Subdued-Excitement.com". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-13. Diakses tanggal 2018-01-16. 
  1256. ^ City of Blaine website, accessed December 25, 2009. Nickname is due to the Peace Arch Monument at the U.S.-Canada border, erected in 1921.
  1257. ^ Ralph Schwartz, A walk down memory lane in Burlington[pranala nonaktif permanen], Skagit Valley Herald, July 20, 2009
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  1259. ^ Everett Today[pranala nonaktif permanen], City on the Sound, March 21, 2017
  1260. ^ Ellis E. Conklin, FORSAKEN BY TIMBER, FORKS IS AT A CROSSROADS LOGGING CAPITAL GRASPS AT FANTASY LAND FOR SURVIVAL[pranala nonaktif permanen], Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Friday, April 20, 1990, Section: News, Page: A1
  1261. ^ James Vesely, Kirkland Shows Its Angst And Looks For Solutions, The Seattle Times, November 24, 1997
  1262. ^ Lynden early history well documented in printer's ink Diarsipkan 2008-05-13 di Archive.is, Lynden Tribune, June 7, 2006 (accessed December 25, 2009)
  1263. ^ City of Marysville website Diarsipkan 2010-02-10 di Wayback Machine., accessed December 25, 2009
  1264. ^ Gil Bailey, Poulsbo: There's a lot to 'Little Norway'[pranala nonaktif permanen], Seattle Post-Intelligencer, May 23, 1998
  1265. ^ http://www.puyallup-tribe.com
  1266. ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-11-27. Diakses tanggal 2018-01-16. 
  1267. ^ "History of Seattle: The "Jet City" Takes Off". Seattle's Convention and Visitors Bureau. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-10-02. Diakses tanggal 2007-10-01. 
  1268. ^ Nard Jones remarked in his 1972 book Seattle (Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-01875-4), p. 354, that the nickname was "almost abandoned now because of a homosexual twist of semantics".
  1269. ^ depicted on city's main welcome sign
  1270. ^ referred to many times on official government website
  1271. ^ History of the Spokane Lilac Festival Diarsipkan 2008-04-24 di Wayback Machine., originally prepared by Linda Kiddo and updated as of February 2004. "The suggestion that Spokane be known as 'The Lilac City' is attributed to Dr. S. E. Lambert, W.T. Triplett and John W. Duncan. In the early 1930s these men encourage the local garden club to plant lilac bushes throughout the City of Spokane."
  1272. ^ Jeff Larsen, Short Trips: Revitalized city catches up to its destiny[pranala nonaktif permanen], Seattle Post-Intelligencer, March 13, 2003
  1273. ^ Larson, John. Metal band looks to break out of T-town Diarsipkan 2009-01-14 di Wayback Machine.. Tacoma Weekly, December 27, 2007. Retrieved 2008-02-21.
  1274. ^ See, generally, "Grit City". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-12. Diakses tanggal 2008-04-22. 
  1275. ^ Welcome to Bluefield, West Virginia!
  1276. ^ Grant County Chamber of Commerce Diarsipkan 2008-10-02 di Wayback Machine. website ("Petersburg is known as the 'Home of the Golden Trout', which is a color mutation of the regular rainbow and was developed using selective breeding at the Petersburg hatchery.")
  1277. ^ City of Weirton Homepage
  1278. ^ Iron and Steel Diarsipkan 2011-09-26 di Wayback Machine., Ohio County Public Library website ("The city comes fairly by her sobriquet, 'The Nail City.' Here are cut more nails than in any other city in the world.")
  1279. ^ Village of Black Creek, retrieved April 27, 2013.
  1280. ^ "Archived copy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-08-09. Diakses tanggal 2009-08-07. 
  1281. ^ "Music Capital of the North - Eau Claire, WI". volumeone.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2017-12-16. 
  1282. ^ "U.S. National Kubb Championship". www.usakubb.org. 
  1283. ^ "Village of Gays Mills". Village of Gays Mills. 
  1284. ^ Peterson, Davis. " Titletown again; The Packers put away the Patriots 35-21 for the NFL crown, and after 29 years, Green Bay again reigns as Titletown, USA. Frenzied fans and bedlam abound in Loony Land of Lombardi." Diarsipkan 2011-05-16 di Wayback Machine., Star Tribune, January 27, 1997. Accessed June 13, 2007
  1285. ^ "Vitame Vas (We Welcome You) to the City of Hillsboro, WI". hillsborowi.com. 
  1286. ^ " The Bower City is Proud of Pioneers.", Janesville Recorder, April 20, 1911. Accessed July 26, 2008
  1287. ^ " JANESVILLE PLANS NEW PARK NEAR THE RIVER AND LIBRARY THE SITE WOULD FOCUS ON CHILDREN WITH SHADE-TREE READING PROGRAMS." Diarsipkan 2011-05-16 di Wayback Machine., Wisconsin State Journal, August 20, 2000. Accessed June 13, 2007. "The place that bills itself as the ``City of Parks might be getting another one -- a unique space near Hedberg Public Library catered to children."
  1288. ^ Did You Know? Facts About the City of Kaukauna, Wisconsin Diarsipkan 2007-08-11 di Wayback Machine.
  1289. ^ A Symbol for a City Diarsipkan 2007-08-23 di Wayback Machine., on the Dane County Cultural Affairs Commission's Madison: A Capital Idea website, accessed January 5, 2008. "An art lover at the 1976 Art Fair on the Square sports the Mad City T-shirt created by Russ Frank of the Madison Top Company two years earlier."
  1290. ^ Kevin Murphy (January 3, 1994). "Madtown goes (slightly) mad after victory". Milwaukee Sentinel. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-03-16. Diakses tanggal December 23, 2017. 
  1291. ^ Brian D. Coleman (April 2006). "In Madison, Wisconsin". Old House Interiors. hlm. 46–50. 
  1292. ^ "Madison, City of Four Lakes: Our History and Our Home". Madison Metropolitan School District, Department of Teaching and Learning, Social Studies Division. 24 July 2017 – via Google Books. 
  1293. ^ Madison Metropolitan School District Diarsipkan 2013-09-27 di Wayback Machine.
  1294. ^ Brew City loses its oldest brewery, by Lisa Price, October 31, 1996, on CNN.com website. "Milwaukee has never had an identity crisis -- as one city resident said, 'We've been Brew City for 135 years.'"
  1295. ^ a b Jan Uebelherr, "Magazine tips hat to Mil-town[pranala nonaktif permanen]," The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, August 31, 2007. "Spin magazine takes a dizzying spin through Brewtown in its September issue in a little travelogue called '72 Hours in Milwaukee.'"
  1296. ^ The "Cream City" nickname refers to the cream-colored brick produced in Milwaukee and used in many of its 19th-century buildings.Cream City Brick Diarsipkan 2006-10-18 di Wayback Machine., by Terry Pepper, updated 12/02/2007
  1297. ^ The Making of Milwaukee Diarsipkan 2012-10-29 di Wayback Machine., MPTV
  1298. ^ City of New Richmond website, accessed October 15, 2011
  1299. ^ Racine, Wisconsin the Belle City of the Lakes. Diarsipkan 2007-11-15 di Wayback Machine., Racine, Wisconsin. Accessed June 13, 2007
  1300. ^ "Home - Rhinelander Area Chamber of Commerce,WI". www.rhinelanderchamber.com. 
  1301. ^ A local mechanic and businessman built the first workable snowmobile in his shop in Sayner (About Plum Lake Township Diarsipkan 2008-05-17 di Wayback Machine., Sayner-Star Lake Chamber of Commerce website, accessed July 26, 2008)
  1302. ^ Sheboygan County Historical Documents, University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
  1303. ^ "Soldiers Grove Wisconsin - The Heart of the Driftless". Soldiers Grove. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2000-09-28. Diakses tanggal 2018-01-16. 
  1304. ^ "Half-Way Between Equator And North Pole Billboard". Roadside America. 
  1305. ^ "Welcome to Tomah". City of Tomah (official website). Diakses tanggal 2015-12-20. 
  1306. ^ "Where the I Divides, Tomah, Wisconsin". www.roadsideamerica.com. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-20. 
  1307. ^ "Waukesha Spa Diarsipkan 2019-05-01 di Wayback Machine.." Milwaukee Journal August 8, 1969
  1308. ^ "About Les Paul". lespaulfoundation.org. 19 May 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 May 2014. 
  1309. ^ "City of Waupun". www.cityofwaupun.org. 
  1310. ^ "A souvenir of Fond du Lac County, Wis. ([1904?])", The State of Wisconsin Collection, University of Wisconsin Library, Waupun, "The Prison City,' is a city of 4,000 inhabitants and located on a beautiful table land which gives it a dry and healthful climate. 
  1311. ^ http://www.wauwatosa.net.  Tidak memiliki atau tanpa |title= (bantuan)
  1312. ^ "City Dictionary". 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-09-11. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-11. ; particularly derisive name due to the village's traditionally high percentage of Caucasian residents (91.9% as of the 2010 census)
  1313. ^ "Official Website of the Waterpark Capital of the World". Wisconsin Visitors Bureau. 2006. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-03. ; also, cover of 2006 Travel and Attraction Guide, ©2006 Ad Lit Inc.; printed on cover, with TM notice, "The Waterpark Capital of the World!TM, as obtained from "Wisconsin Dells Resorts". Ad Lit. 2006. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-03. , which has the same slogan. City's website, "City of Wisconsin Dells". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-09-02. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-03.  does not mention the slogan
  1314. ^ Welcome to the official City of Cheyenne Website!, City of Cheyenne. Accessed June 13, 2007. The "Magic City of the Plains" is located at the intersection of Interstates 25 and 80 in southeast Wyoming."
  1315. ^ Welcome To Cody Stampede Rodeo & Cody Nite Rodeo!!!, Buffalo Cody Stampede Rodeo. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Welcome to Cody, Wyoming, the Rodeo Capital of the World!"
  1316. ^ About the Laramie Main street Program Diarsipkan 2011-10-05 di Wayback Machine., Downtown Laramie. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Its residents will be proud to turn their attentions to its heart and core, reminiscent of and perpetuating Laramie’s reputation as the Gem City of the Plains."
  1317. ^ Area Information Diarsipkan 2011-06-12 di Wayback Machine., The Lovell Chronicle website, accessed June 27, 2010
  1318. ^ Preserve America Community: Rock Springs, Wyoming, Preserve America website, accessed June 10, 2010
  1319. ^ Upton, Wyoming Tales and Trails website, accessed June 26, 2011
  1320. ^ John Michael Vlach, The Quest for a Capital, Ruth Ann Overbeck Capitol Hill History Project, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-04-19, diakses tanggal April 15, 2012, One of the early nicknames for the District of Columbia was "the American Rome." 
  1321. ^ U.S. City Motto & Moniker List, Tagline Guru, diakses tanggal April 15, 2012 . Lists the slogan "Washington – It’s a Capital City!"
  1322. ^ a b P.J. Orvetti (July 30, 2010), Welcome to the DMV, 4 NBC Washington (NBCUniversal, Inc.), diakses tanggal April 15, 2012 
  1323. ^ Broder, David S. "Nation's Capital in Eclipse as Pride and Power Slip Away" Diarsipkan 2007-10-01 di Wayback Machine., The Washington Post, February 18, 1990. Accessed June 13, 2007. "In the days of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan and the creation of NATO, [Clark Clifford] said, we saved the world, and Washington became the capital of the world."
  1324. ^ [41]
  1325. ^ Giles, Dari. "Sweet Times in Chocolate City - visiting Washington, D.C", Essence (magazine), April 1999. Accessed June 13, 2007. "For business or pleasure, you'll be hardpressed to do it all in just one visit, but try anyway with our selection from the many things to do and see in the Chocolate City, named, some say, because of its large African-American presence."
  1326. ^ "Washington: Symbol and City". National Building Museum. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-02-02. Diakses tanggal 21 August 2012. 
  1327. ^ Clark, Allen C. (1935). "Origin of the Federal City". Records of the Columbia Historical Society. The Historical Society of Washington, D.C. 35–6: 1–97. 
  1328. ^ "Who says Washington is "Hollywood for ugly people"?: We trace a cliche back to its origins". The Washington Post. December 6, 2010. Diakses tanggal 21 August 2012. 
  1329. ^ Eberstadt, Nicholas. "Why babies die in D.C - District of Columbia", Public Interest, Spring 1994. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Across the country and around the world, Washington is notorious as the "murder capital of America" -- the city with the highest homicide rate of any major U.S. urban center."
  1330. ^ Farhi, Paul (July 30, 2010). "After initial obscurity, 'The DMV' nickname for Washington area picks up speed". Washington Post. Unless the earnest and obvious "Nation's Capital" is your idea of a cool handle, Washington and its environs have never gotten very far in the civic nickname game 
  1331. ^ Añasco, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1332. ^ a b Humacao, Puerto Rico, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1333. ^ Guayama, Welcome to Puerto Rico website
  1334. ^ Ponce[pranala nonaktif permanen], Travel to Puerto Rico website
  1335. ^ Inter American-Ponce and UPR-Ponce Make The "City of Lions" A MeasureNet City[pranala nonaktif permanen], Measure-Net Technology website, December 23, 2006
  1336. ^ Welcome to Puerto Rico: Ponce, Puerto Rico. The name is after its founder Juan Ponce de León y Loayza.
  1337. ^ Ponce, Puerto Rico, Welcome to Puerto Rico website.
  1338. ^ Ponce: General Information. Puerto Rico Encyclopedia. Diarsipkan 2012-07-07 di Wayback Machine. The City is known as "Genip City" because that fruit is unusually more common in Ponce that in any other city in the Island. Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  1339. ^ Ponce: General Information. Puerto Rico Encyclopedia. Diarsipkan 2012-07-07 di Wayback Machine. The City is known as "The Noble City" because of the aristocratic (Señorial is derived from Señor, Spanish for "Sir") look of the Spanish colonial architecture of its homes introduced by wealthy landlords in the 17th, 18th, and 19th century. Note: There is no exact translation into English of the Spanish word "Señorial". Thus, some authors also translate it into "The Majestic City." Retrieved November 25, 2009.
  1340. ^ Transforman la crítica en obras de arte. Reinaldo Millán. La Perla del Sur. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 13 August 2014. This nickname is apparently an allusion to the colors of the city or its iconic Parque de Bombas.

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]