Clostridium difficile
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| ?Clostridium difficile | ||||||||||||||
 Koloni C. difficile pada darah.
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| Clostridium difficile Hall & O'Toole, 1935 |
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Clostridium difficile atau CDF/cdf' adalah spesies bakteri pada genus Clostridium yang gram-positif, anaerobik, berbentuk-tongkat (basillus).[1] C. difficile adalah akibat dari pseudomembranous colitis,[2] infeksi terhadap usus besar setelah gut flora normal dihancurkan dengan penggunaan antibiotik. Perawatan dengan menghentikan antibiotik apapun dan menggunakan antibiotik anticlostridial, seperti metronidazole.
[sunting] Catatan kaki
- ^ Ryan KJ; Ray CG (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (edisi ke-4th ed.). McGraw Hill. hlm. pp. 322-4. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
- ^ "Pseudomembranous Colitis". eMedicine. WebMD. 1 Juli 2005. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic1942.htm#section~introduction. Diakses pada 11 Januari 2007.
[sunting] Daftar pustaka
- Dallal R, Harbrecht B, Boujoukas A, Sirio C, Farkas L, Lee K, Simmons R (2002). "Fulminant Clostridium difficile: an underappreciated and increasing cause of death and complications". Ann Surg 235 (3): 363-72. PMID 11882758. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=11882758.
- Martin S, Jung R (2005). Gastrointestinal infections and enterotoxigenic poisonings. In: Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach (DiPiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM, editors). (edisi ke-6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. hlm. pp. 2042-2043. ISBN.
- McDonald L, Killgore G, Thompson A, Owens R, Kazakova S, Sambol S, Johnson S, Gerding D (2005). "An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile". N Engl J Med 353 (23): 2433-41. PMID 16322603.
- Yamada T; Alpers DH (editors) (2003). Textbook of Gastroenterology (edisi ke-4th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. hlm. pp. 1870-1875. ISBN 0-7817-2861-4.
- van den Hof S, van der Kooi T, van den Berg R, Kuijper E, Notermans D (2006). "Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027 outbreaks in the Netherlands: recent surveillance data indicate that outbreaks are not easily controlled but interhospital transmission is limited". Euro Surveill 11 (1): E060126.2. PMID 16801713. http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ew/2006/060126.asp#2.
- Sunenshine R, McDonald L (2006). "Clostridium difficile-associated disease: New challenges from an established pathogen". Cleveland Clinic J. Med. 73: 187.
[sunting] Pranala luar
- UK Clostridium difficile Support Group
- Clostridium difficile Support Group
- "From hand to mouth" Article from The Economist discussing C. difficile (requires subscription)
- Pathema-Clostridium Resource
- US CDC Report on Severe Clostridium difficile--Associated Disease in Populations Previously at Low Risk--Four States, 2005
