Bangsa Khitan

Bangsa Khitan (Hanzi: 契丹; Pinyin: Qìdān), atau Khitai, adalah bangsa nomadik yang terletak di Mongolia dan Manchuria (Cina Timur Laut) dari abad ke-4. Mereka mendominasi wilayah di Cina Utara pada abad ke-10 dibawah Dinasti Liao, tetapi meninggalkan sedikit relik yang masih ada hingga kini. Setelah runtuhnya Liao tahun 1125, banyak Khitan pindah ke barat dan mendirikan negara Kara Khitai yang akan dihancurkan oleh Kekaisaran Mongol tahun 1218.

Referensi

• MATSUI, Hitoshi 松井等 (Japan). "Qidan boxing shi 契丹勃興史 (History of the rise of the Khitan)". Mamden chiri-rekishi kenkyu hokoku 1 (1915).
  Translated into Chinese by Liu, Fengzhu 劉鳳翥. In Minzu Shi Yiwen Ji 民族史譯文集 (A Collection of Translated Papers on Ethnic Histories) 10 (1981). Repr. in: Sun, Jinji et al. 1988 (vol. 1), pp. 93-141
• Chen, Shu 陳述. Qidan Shi Lunzheng Gao 契丹史論證稿 (A Study on the History of the Khitan). Beijing: Zhongyang Yanjiu Yuan Shixue Yanjiu Suo 中央研究院史學研究所, 1948.
• Chen, Shu 陳述. Qidan Shehui Jingji Shi Gao 契丹社會經濟史稿 (A Study on the Khitan's Social Economical History). Shanghai: Sanlian Chuban She 三聯出版社, 1963.
• Feng, Jiasheng 1933.
• Shu, Fen (舒焚), Liaoshi Gao 遼史稿 (An History of the Liao). Wuhan: Hubei Renmin Chuban She 湖北人民出版社, 1984
• WITTFOGEL, Karl & FENG, Chia-sheng. History of Chinese Society: Liao (907-1125). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1949.
• Biran, Michal. The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World, ISBN 0-521-84226-3
• Wei Shu 魏史 (Dynastic History of the Northern Wei Dynasty): Wei, Shou 魏收 et al. eds. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju 中华书局, 1973.
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• Xin Tangshu (XTS) 新唐書 (New Dynastic History of the Tang Dynasty): Ouyang, Xiu 歐陽修 et al. eds. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju 中华书局, 1975
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• Zizhi Tongjian (ZZTJ) 資治通鑒 (Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government): Sima, Guang 司馬光 ed. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju 中华书局, 1956
• Mote, F.W. (1999). Imperial China: 900-1800. Harvard University Press. hlm. 31–71. ISBN 0674012127. 
• EBREY, Patricia Buckley (1996). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-66991-X. 
• TWITCHETT, Denis (1994). The Cambridge History of China: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 816. ISBN 0-521-24331-9.  (pp.43-153)
• Khitans
• Khitans on scholar.google.com